1. Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the process capability index Cpk Productivity can be improved by Increasing inputs while holding outputs steady Decreasing outputs while holding inputs steady Increasing inputs and outputs in the same proportion Increasing outputs while holding inputs steady 2. Productivity can be improved by Increasing inputs while holding outputs steady Decreasing outputs while holding inputs steady Increasing inputs and outputs in the same proportion Increasing outputs while holding inputs steady 3. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding critical paths? The path that takes the longest time to complete in a project is the critical path. Activities on the critical path must have zero slack time. Some non-critical activities may have zero slack time. For any project, the (expected) project completion time is equal to the (expected) time duration of the project’s critical path. 4. Suppose a project team has arrived at the following time estimates for an activity: a = 4 days, m = 6 days, and b = 8 days. What is the variance involved in this activity? 0.111 0.250 0.444 0.694 5. Suppose you are asked to determine the Lower Control Limit for a p-chart for quality control purposes. Samples are taken from the production line. The fraction defective is 0.008 and the standard deviation is 0.002 based on the samples. Set z = 3. Which of the following is the LCL of the p-chart? 0.001 0.002 0.006 0.013 6. The least squares method is to find out the intercept and the slope of a regression line that minimizes the sum of the squared differences between observed values of the independent variable and predicted values of the independent variable observed values of the independent variable and predicted values of the dependent variable observed values of the dependent variable and predicted values of the dependent variable None of the three is correct. 7. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding corporate missions? They reflect a company's purpose. They indicate what a company intends to contribute to society. They are formulated after strategies are known. They define a company's reason for existence. 8. Given forecast errors of -2, 5, 10, and -3, what is the mean absolute deviation (MAD)? 2.5 3 4 5 9. Which of the following best describes the process focus strategy? Appropriate for high-volume, low-variety production Equipment or processes are arranged based on the progressive steps by which a product is made. Also known as flow shop Appropriate for low-volume, high-variety production 10. According to the definition of design quality, Quality is the degree of excellence at an acceptable price Quality depends on how well the product fits consumer preferences Even though quality cannot be defined, you know what it is Quality is the degree to which a specific product conforms to design specifications 11. Which of the f ...

1. 1. Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the process
capability index Cpk
Productivity can be improved by
Increasing inputs while holding outputs steady
Decreasing outputs while holding inputs steady
Increasing inputs and outputs in the same proportion
Increasing outputs while holding inputs steady
2. Productivity can be improved by
Increasing inputs while holding outputs steady
Decreasing outputs while holding inputs steady
Increasing inputs and outputs in the same proportion
Increasing outputs while holding inputs steady
3. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding
critical paths?
The path that takes the longest time to complete in a project is
the critical path.
Activities on the critical path must have zero slack time.
Some non-critical activities may have zero slack time.

2. For any project, the (expected) project completion time is equal
to the (expected) time duration of the project’s critical path.
4. Suppose a project team has arrived at the following time
estimates for an activity: a = 4 days, m = 6 days, and b = 8
days. What is the variance involved in this activity?
0.111
0.250
0.444
0.694
5. Suppose you are asked to determine the Lower Control Limit
for a p-chart for quality control purposes. Samples are taken
from the production line. The fraction defective is 0.008 and the
standard deviation is 0.002 based on the samples. Set z = 3.
Which of the following is the LCL of the p-chart?
0.001
0.002
0.006

3. 0.013
6. The least squares method is to find out the intercept and the
slope of a regression line that minimizes the sum of the squared
differences between
observed values of the independent variable and predicted
values of the independent variable
observed values of the independent variable and predicted
values of the dependent variable
observed values of the dependent variable and predicted values
of the dependent variable
None of the three is correct.
7. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding
corporate missions?
They reflect a company's purpose.
They indicate what a company intends to contribute to society.
They are formulated after strategies are known.
They define a company's reason for existence.
8. Given forecast errors of -2, 5, 10, and -3, what is the mean
absolute deviation (MAD)?

4. 2.5
3
4
5
9. Which of the following best describes the process focus
strategy?
Appropriate for high-volume, low-variety production
Equipment or processes are arranged based on the progressive
steps by which a product is made.
Also known as flow shop
Appropriate for low-volume, high-variety production
10. According to the definition of design quality,
Quality is the degree of excellence at an acceptable price
Quality depends on how well the product fits consumer
preferences

5. Even though quality cannot be defined, you know what it is
Quality is the degree to which a specific product conforms to
design specifications
11. Which of the following project structures utilizes people
from different functional areas?
Matrix project
Integrated Task Force
Functional project
Pure project
12. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT
regarding process variations?
It is impossible to have zero variation in production processes.
Assignable variations can be caused by workers not sufficiently
trained.
Common variation is unavoidable.
A process under statistical control is a process with no common
variation

6. 13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that
distinguishes services from goods?
The production and consumption of goods can be separated
from each other, while services are often produced and
consumed at the same time.
Both goods and services need to have quality standards
established.
Goods are tangible and transportable.
Cost is the most important factor when determining the
locations of service facilities.
14. Consider a project consisting of five activities. The
immediate predecessors and the activity times are summarized
as follows:
Activity
Immediate Predecessor
Activity time (in days)
A
None
3
B
A
2
C
A
1
D
B
3

7. E
C, D
4
How long does it take to complete the project?
9 days
10 days
11 days
12 days
15. The output of a production system is 800 units per day and
the total amount of labor required to produce the 800 units is
400 labor hours. What is the labor productivity in this case?
2.0
1.0
0.5
0.4
16. The crossover point is the production quantity at which

8. the total variable cost of one process equals the total variable
cost of another process
the fixed cost of a process is equal to its total variable cost
the total cost equals the total revenue for a process
the total cost of one process equals the total cost of another
process
17. Suppose the design specification range of the outer diameter
of a component is. A worker takes a sample and determines the
sample mean to be 1.01 inches with a standard deviation of 0.02
inches. What is the process capability index in this case? Set z
= 3. Find the closest value.
0.50
0.83
1.17
1.50
18. Which of the following is NOT a qualitative forecasting
method?
Sales force composite

9. Jury of execution opinion
Delphi method
Moving average method
19. Which of the following is NOT a type of Cost of Quality?
External failure cost
Internal failure cost
Return cost
Prevention cost
20. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT
regarding CPM and PERT?
There can be more than one critical path in both CPM and PERT
networks.
PERT takes uncertainty into account.
Slack times of activities cannot be calculated in PERT.
CPM assumes zero uncertainty in activity time.

10. 21. The following table summarizes the demand of a product in
the past 3 weeks:
Week
Demand
1
300
2
350
3
400
The company decides to use the 3-week simple moving average
method to make the forecast for the demand in week 4. What is
the forecast for week 4? Find the closest value.
350
358
361
370
22. An activity in a PERT network has these time estimates:
optimistic = 4, most likely = 6, and pessimistic = 8. Its expected
completion time is
5.00
6.00

11. 5.83
17.00
23. In the analysis of Costs of Quality, the cost incurred by
employee training is classified as:
Appraisal cost
Prevention cost
Internal failure cost
External failure cost
24. Process A has a fixed cost of $1,000 and a per-unit variable
cost of $5. Process B has a fixed cost of $2,000 and a per-unit
variable cost of $4. What is the crossover point between the two
processes? Find the closest value.
250
500
750
1,000

12. 25. Which of the following combines the flexibility of a process
focus with the efficiency of a product focus?
Mass customization
Standardization
Repetitive
Mass production
26. Suppose a company sold an average of 2,000 units a year in
the past five years. On average, 800 units were sold in the
spring, 250 units in the summer, 350 units in the fall, and 600
units in the winter. Then what is the seasonal index for winter?
1.2
1.6
0.5
0.7
27. Contract requirements state that a project must be completed
within 160 working days, or it will incur penalties for late
completion. Analysis of the project network reveals an
estimated project completion time of 145 working days with a
project variance of 225. What is the z value for the target
completion time of 160 working days? Find the closest value.

13. 2.33
1.75
1.00
0.53
28. Suppose the inputs of a process are materials, labor, and
energy. Then which of the following is a multi-factor measure
of productivity in this case?
Output / Materials
Output / (Labor + Materials)
Output / (Labor + Energy + Materials)
Output / Energy
29. Suppose the Earliest Start time of an activity is 5. The
Earliest Finish time and the Latest Finish time of the activity
are 8 and 10, respectively. Which of the following statements is
INCORRECT?
The activity time is 3.

14. The slack time is 2.
The Latest Start of the activity is 6.
The activity is not on the critical path.
30. A company hires you to develop a linear regression model
that includes one independent variable X. Based on the
company's past sales data, you estimate the intercept value of
the model (a) to be 100 and the slope (b) to be 50. Given x = 8,
what is the forecast based on this linear regression model?
500
600
8000
Not enough information available
31. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT
regarding efficiency and effectiveness?
Productivity is a measure of efficiency.
Effectiveness means doing the right things to create the most
value for the company.

15. A process can be effective without being efficient.
A process cannot be effective without being efficient.
32. Which of the following is NOT an assumption of Cost of
Quality?
It is cheaper to prevent than to correct.
Failures are caused.
Employees are adequately trained.
Performance can be measured.
33. A company wants to estimate the annual demand for year
2015 using exponential smoothing. The actual demand in year
2014 was 200. The forecast for year 2014 was 170. Set α=0.2.
What is the forecast for year 2015?
173
167
176
197

16. 34. The following table represents a project that needs be
scheduled using PERT.
Activity
Immediate Predecessor
Times (Days)
a
m
b
A
None
2
3
4
B
A
1
2
3
C
A, B
2
3
4
D
C
3
4
5
What is the expected completion time of the project?
9.5 days

17. 10 days
11 days
12 days
35. A manufacturer decides to develop a chart to monitor the
performance of a process. 10 samples are taken with 5 units in
each sample. Suppose the average of the 10 sample means is 55
and the average of the 10 sample ranges is 8. Then what is the
Lower Control Limit of this chart? Find the closest value. (A2
= 0.577 for sample size 5)
44.23
45.38
50.38
53.00
36. The process capability ratio of a process is 1.33. Then
which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
The process satisfies 3-sigma requirements.

18. The process satisfies 6-sigma requirements.
The process is capable.
The target value of the process is equal to the process mean
37. Suppose the Earliest Start time of an activity is 7 and the
Latest Start time of the activity is 10. Which of the following
statements is INCORRECT?
The Latest Finish of the activity is 12.
The slack time of the activity is 3.
The activity is not on the critical path.
The activity is not critical.
Title
ABC/123 Version X
1
Annotated Bibliography Formatting Sample
PSYCH/665 Version 2
2
University of Phoenix Material

19. Annotated Bibliography Formatting Sample
This sample annotated bibliography is formatted according to
the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American
Psychological Association. This sample serves only as a
formatting guide, and does not reflect accurate reference
information or master’s-level content depth. Include an APA-
formatted title page in your annotated bibliography.
Annotated Bibliography
Barker, P. J. (2006). Modeling transformational leadership in
nonprofit organizations
(Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations
& Theses database. (UMI No. 2284627)
This qualitative study examines the various forms of
transformational leadership practiced in nonprofit organizations
in the Southeastern United States. The study takes a
comparative approach, investigating similarities and differences
between leadership styles in for-profit and nonprofit
organizations. Based on the results of open-ended interviews
with executive leaders, the study offers a detailed analysis and
recommendations for strengthening nonprofit leadership using
transformational strategies.
DuFour, R. (2002). Beyond instructional leadership: The
learning-centered principal. Educational Leadership, 59(8), 12–
15. doi: 10.1909/17845930958349604
In this short article, DuFour describes his experience as a
principal and the issues he faced in that role regarding
instructional leadership. DuFour promoted a shift from
instruction-oriented leaders to learning-oriented leaders, citing
the need to focus on outcomes rather than process in education.
To facilitate this change, DuFour recommends the
implementation of a systemic method of monitoring and
evaluating student progress.
Rousseau, D. M. (1997). Organizational behavior in the new
organizational era. Annual Review of Psychology, 48(2), 515–

20. 546. Retrieved from
http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/loi/psych
In this historically comprehensive article, Rousseau discusses
the paradigmatic shift in the meaning of the word organization
as it changes from an entity-based term to focus on the
components of the entity.
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