3. INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
This research work focuses on rural tourism in Teuchitlán
and strategies for its implementation, as well as a diagnosis
base of response by the community and problems observed
within it; Besides the deepening of different analyzes that
encompasses the tourism sector and its impact on the
community.
As we know, Teuchitlán belong to 4 other cities part of the
Agave region in the state of Jalisco, which in 2006 it joined
the UNESCO cultural heritage list. Sadly, this beautiful
territory is in a state of lag and little diffusion despite having
great attractions: natural and cultural within its territorial
limits.
We face a centralization of attention by the archaeological
zone of Los Guachimontones, the municipality of Tequila
and agave tourism, which leaves aside other attractions and
great tourist potential offered by the municipality and that
is why that our intention is to carry out strategies to
motivate the rural tourism and its implementation to a
healthy relationship between community, natural
environment and economic spill of the municipality. Always
keeping in mind, the management plan for the Landscape
Agavero and the Old Industrial Facilities of Tequila as a
regulator in this project
4. NAME.
The name Teuchitlán comes from Nahuatl and means place
dedicated to the God or place of the God Tenoch. The villa has
its origins in pre-Hispanic times, as it was founded by
Nahuatlaca tribes on the hill called today Guachimontón and
was part of the Etzatlán lordship.
His incorporation into New Spain occurred in 1524 by the
hand of Francisco Cortés de San Buenaventura.
In 1530, Nuño de Guzmán annexed the town to the territory
of Nueva Galicia.
The river that bears the name of the town marked the
boundaries between New Galicia and New Spain
In 1825 Teuchitlán was a town with a town land included the
following haciendas and ranches:Fuentes, Estanzuela, Labor,
Paso de Flores and Laja.
In 1837 the population was already head of the
municipality, according to the decree of October 6,
that year.
5. 12 regions
The Agave Landscape region in the State of Jalisco is made up of 86,280 hectares, purchased
from the municipalities of El Arenal, Amatitán, Tequila, Magdalena and Teuchitlán.
The cultivation of agave and its distillation has produced a distinctive landscape within which it
is located collection of valuable haciendas and distilleries that reflect the continuing link
between the ancient Mesoamerican agave culture and the present, as well as important
elements of great natural value such as the amplitude of the Valley, climatic conditions, flora
and fauna, rivers and lagoons, favorable soil characteristics, make this region a place rich in
natural resources , which have also created great cultural expressions.
Agave landscape
AGAVE
LANDSCAPE
REGION
10. Its territorial extension is 285.53 squares
kilometers
GEOLOGY
The land of the municipality is made up of basalt,
acid extrusive igneous rocks, tuff and volcanic
gap
TOPOLOGY
The flat areas of the municipality occupy
40%.There are few rugged areas (4% of the
territory). To the north is part of the Volcán de
Tequila. More than half of the municipal territory
is made up of semi-flat areas (56%), with low hills
HYDROLOGY
La Presa La Vega. (SITIO RAMSAR)
Río Teuchitlán
TERRITORIAL
INFORMATION
11. The municipality has 17 inhabited localities, the most
important of which are:
TERRITORIAL
INFORMATION
12. ESTIMATED PERCENTAGE OF LAND OCCUPATION
The municipality of Teuchitlán has a territorial extension of approximately 285.53Km² of which the vast
majority are used for agricultural production. Of crops Local highlights include sugar cane with 2,332 ha,
corn with 1,406 ha. and 1,579 ha. of agave.
The trend of land mostly corresponds to private property, followed by the ejidal property, not existing
communal property.
ESTIMATED
PERCEMTAGE
OF
LAND
OCCUPATION
AGRICULTURE GRASSLAND FORESTS HUMAN
SETTLEMENTS
WATER
13. MAIN SECTORS, PRODUCTS AND SERVICE
AGRICULTURE CATTLE RAISING FISHING
CROP HECTARES QUANTITY PER SPECIES
sugar cane
Agave
corn
Teuchitlán being part of the agave landscape, it would be
expected that the largest cultivation to be produced on their lands
outside the agave, however, the cultivation that most is harvested
turns out to be sugar cane. Crop whose harvest takes about 9
months to be in good condition optimal and acceptable for
farmers to sell their product.
MAIN
SECTORS,
PRODUCTS
AND
SERVICE
The La Vega dam represents a great opportunity for local workers,
however due to the contamination of its waters, this It has been
affected by pests such as lily pads, which reduce fish production, and
fishermen also face problems tore produce and fish because of the
otters that inhabit the area, This has become a direct impact on the
local economy of Teuchitlán.
The category of bird heads from meat, to facilitate the reading of
data, because its large number production exceeds excessively the
rest of the categories being this of 2`312,278
14. INDUSTRY COMMERCE SERVICES
According to the population and housing census carried out by
INEGI in 2010, the percentage of the economically active
population increased a 2.4% in a period of 10 years being in the
year 2000 a 32.80%(2,742 people) and in 2010 35.50% (3,226
people)The industrial economic presence is in its great majority
belonging to the branch of manufacturing industry.
The independent workers offer technical, communal, social,
tourist, personal and maintenance services, without. However,
the lines dedicated to the sale of products of first necessity and
mixed businesses that sell miscellaneous items. The service
sector is in a declining state, due to the large number of informal
businesses that exist, taking for example to the tourism sector.
There are many people who serve as tour guides who only work
for themselves, not they report said income and therefore the
payment of taxes is not made.
The effects that this causes is that by wanting to implement
services correctly these are seen as lagging or as a bad
investment by workers, since if they work outside and on their
own, they can get a similar benefit without messing with
authorities
MAIN
SECTORS,
PRODUCTS
AND
SERVICE
Of course, this represents an illegal practice that carries risksof
health when traveling with tourists without having some type of
insuranceor guarantee of protection against accidents and
damages that may occur.
15. POPULATION BY GENDER,PERCENTAGE IN MUNICIPALITY
TOTAL POPULATION
HABITANTS
The municipality of Teuchitlán belongs to the Valles Region, its population in 2015
according to the Intercensal Survey is of 9,608 people; 49.0 percent men and 51.0
percent women.
Comparing this population amount with that of 2010, it is obtained that the municipal
population increased by 5.7 percent in five years.
The municipality in 2010 had 18 localities, of which 2 were two houses and 9of one. The
municipal seat of Teuchitlán is the most populated town with 3 thousand 774 people
POPULATION
BY
GENDER,
PERCENTAGE
IN
MUNICIPALITY
21. RURAL TURISM
“Rural tourism is any tourist or leisure activity that takes place in the rural environment and natural
areas, compatible with sustainable development, which implies permanence and optimal use of
resources, integration of the local population, preservation and improvement of the environment”
(Martínez,2000)
The rural tourism product is the combination of natural, cultural and human resource sexisting in rural
areas, which in combination with services, constitute the touristic offer. Therefore, the tourist product
is made up of:
TOUR
OFFER
RURAL
TURISM
Are all the places that
make the activity posible
tourist and satisfy the
demand needs.
BASICS
SERVICES
TOURIST
Accommodation
Food supply
COMPLEMENTARY
TOURIST SERVICES
Offer of complementary
leisure activities for the
stay of tourists.
22. RURAL TURISM
ADVENTURE
TURISM
ETHNOTURISM
ECOTURISM
AGROTURISM
Sports experiences
with a high sense of
risk in natural and
humanized
environments.
Involvement of guests
with indigenous
communities to learn
about the traditional
way of life of these
groups, different and
almost forgotten
cultures
RURAL
TURISM
Tourism in agricultural
farms combining
traditional recreation and
contact with the life of
the property, knowing
the rural way of life and
peasant traditions
RURAL
TURISM
VARIABLES
Low impact tourism in
natural areas. Visitors
seek a closer contact with
nature.
23. LEISURE OFFER
This type of offer arises as an essential complement to the stay of tourists and also as a way to add value to
existing natural and cultural resources in the environment. Depending on the type of resource on which
they act, it is possible to group them into three types:
NATURE ACTIVITIES
Hiking, bicycles, horseback riding, hiking, trekking, rafting, etc.
CULTURAL ACTIVITIES
Visit to heritage elements, traditional architecture, ethnographic ensembles, visits totowns, participation in
parties, fairs, others
PARTICIPATION IN AGRICULTURAL TASKS
Collection of fruits, work in the field, management of herds of animals and others
LEISURE
OFFER
25. SURVEY RESULTS
interviewed
GEN
DER
An interview was carried out in the municipality of Teuchitlán to find out how informed its
the population about the tourist offer and their perception of the positive and negative
aspects that this entails both in the economic and environmental aspects.
AGES PROFFESION
To carry out the survey, a wide range of ages was
taken to know the perception of the general
population, however, it was focused on an adult age
aware of the situation and capable of generating
significant opinions and reflections.
19 of the people interviewed have the
trade of merchants, therefore tourism
has a high impact on their lives.
17 of the people interviewed think
that tourism has decreased due to the
lack of care in the areas of interest
and the lack of organization on the
part of the government.
Those who mentioned the reduction in
tourism are traders who have been
directly affected by it.
SURVEY
26. TURISM PERCEPTION
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
Increased economy Increase in the cost of entry to
the Guachimontones
There is no economic spill as
such, since the income is in
specific aspects and scarce
Centralization of tourist
attractions only a few places
TOURIST ATTRACTIONS
100% of the population visited
knows the most popular tourist
attractions:
Guachimontones, the walkway
along the river, the restaurant area
because they are closer to the town
of Teuchitlán.
It can be deduced that the same
population is unaware of the
potential tourist attractions found
within the municipality
The lack of perception of positive aspects, on the part of the
inhabitants of Teuchitlán in relation to tourism, is a reflection
of the current scarcity of the same and the lack of impact it
has on their lives, however, they are present in a notorious
way in the population the effects that the little existing
tourism brings with it.
SURVEY
27. The desired socio-economic development has not occurred. The
declaration has not been fully exploited to raise the levels of
competitiveness of the area as a tourist destination.
The current regulation that corresponds to the year 2008, shows a
little deficient to guide the socioeconomic development of the
polygon that includes the declaration. Notable inconsistencies in
the management and delimitation of the Agave Landscape. There
is no diversity in agricultural crops
PROBLEM
Currently, there is a disarticulation between the tourist attractions that are part of the agave
landscape. Many of the municipalities that make up the initiative work individually and market
their own products, generating a lag in some sites with tourist potential.
The current study of the area allowed us to see how the social fabric is fractured. Management
of the territory is needed that allows social development. For this, it is necessary governance
networks that unite the government with society. This model requires a balance between three
main actors: the municipal president, social organizations and business organizations.
COMPETITIVENESS DIAGNOSIS
Problem: The declaration that includes the Agave Landscape as
Cultural Heritage of Humanity does not have adequate regulation
CAUSES
EFFECTS
TANGIBLE
ELEMENTS
PROBLEM
Agricultural pressure due to the
introduction of berries to the area.
Land use change due to population
growth.
Increased extraction of water that
depletes aquifers.
Change of cultural patterns that modify
its traditional architecture.
Contamination in bodies of water by
landfill.Solid waste pollution.
28. STUDY TOPIC JUSTIFICATION
We consider that the municipality has great tourist potential, not only for the Guachimontones area but also for other places that
are not well known by tourists or their own inhabitants. For this reason, we consider that with a correct implementation of
efficient strategies to promote rural tourism in the area will be positively influenced in different aspects, which are our axes of
study in the project.
AXES OF STUDY
LOCAL ECONOMIC
GROWTH
URBAN-RURAL
INTEGRATION
(Cultural diffusion)
IDENTITY QUALITY
OF LIFE SENSE OF
COMMUNITY
AXES
OF
STUDY
With the promotion of rural
tourism, new employment
opportunities will be created.
Supporting small business and
strengthening the economy in the
community.
Integration of the rural
environment with the urban
physiognomy.
With the benefits that will be
projected in the community, a new
lifestyle can be seen, which will
have an impact that the inhabitants
would feel satisfied to be part of
this great project.
29. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
Ecologically affordable in the long term, economically viable and equitable from an ethical and social perspective for local
communities.
SOCIAL
EQUITY
Respect the sociocultural authenticity of the host
communities, preserve their cultural and architectural
assets and traditional values, and contribute to social
equity and intercultural understanding and tolerance.
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION
Giving optimal use to environmental
resources, which are a fundamental element
of tourism development, maintaining
essential ecological processes and helping to
conserve natural resources and biological
diversity.
ECONOMIC
EFFICIENCY
Ensure viable long-term economic activities that
provide well-distributed socio-economic benefits to
all stakeholders, including stable employment and
income-earning opportunities and social services for
host communities, and that contribute to the
reduction of poverty.
SUSTAINABLE
TOURISM
30. SWOT
S
O
W
T
It is one of the municipalities that make up the agave landscape.
Natural wealth, the municipality surrounds the La Vega Dam and has the Teuchitlán River.
Cultural richness, clay product elaboration practices, ball game, among others.
It has significant heritage architecture as old farms.
It has an important pre-Hispanic settlement: Guachimontones
.50 minutes from the ZMG.
Wealth in agricultural practices, soil diversity.Authentic tourism: Obsidian caves, hot springs, lagoons,
among others
Promotion of agrotourism, as sustainable tourism to reactivate the local economy.
Generation of jobs, linked to the tourism sector.
Economic spill
Create a support tourism regulation plan among all the sectors involved
Consolidate an attractive tourist offer nationwide
Articulation of all the potential tourist places to generate a greater impact on tourists
Generation of opportunities for other economic sectors.
Lack of training for tourist servers
Lack of adequate signage
Lack of connectivity between strategic points of the municipality
Imbalance between the importance of Guachimontones and the other points of tourist relevance.
Disorder in road accesses and poor urban image.
Lack of dissemination to potential tourist places.
Average visit time 2 hrs - ½ day
Lack of a regulatory plan, security protocols in potential rural tourist sites.
Excessive demand for the tourist offer in Guachimontones.
Economic income only for interactive center, Guachimontones.
Lack of dissemination.
There are no values of identity or belonging on the part of the inhabitants of the municipality.
Management changes, they do not follow up on established projects.
Lack of safety regulation plans in rural tourism
31.
32. RAMSAR CONVENTION
Intergovernmental treaty that serves as a framework for national action and international cooperation
OBJECTIVE.
The conservation and wise use of wetlands through local, regional and national actions, and thanks to international cooperation.
PROTECTION OPERATION RESTORATION
RESEARCH
MANAGEMENT
Ramsar polygon amplification
including springs regulation and
custody
Inspection and surveillance by
the same citizen committee
Regularization of garbage cans.
Municipal and industrial wastewater
treatment.
Comprehensive Development of
Ecotourism (archaeological and
biocultural)
Create an intermunicipal board of
watershed and MSW management.
Carry out a watershed-level ordinance
Action Plan for the restoration of
native flora and fauna, aquatic
and land.
Monitoring of wildlife
degradation bioindicators.
Technical study and inventories
of the physical and biotic
environment.
Tourism carrying capacity
studies.
Environmental Culture
Program(dissemination of
regional research to the
population in the form of
workshops and sectoral
plenaries, and documents in
libraries)
Promotion of environmental
promoters, researchers and
interpretation areas community
citizen protection actions
Agricultural technology change
Environmental Territorial Legal
Framework at local and
municipal level
Institutional coordination
Manage economic resources for
environmental promoters.
Citizen committee
Review of the regulations on
permitted uses.
Tourism sector plans
33. PRESA DE LA VEGA It was designated
a Ramsar site on February 2, 2010, becoming the 13th site of these
characteristics in Jalisco and the 131st in the Mexican Republic.
La Vega Dam provides important environmental services such as:
Water catchment and therefore flood control
It is the main climate regulator in the region
It constitutes an important source of food
Around the dam there are important remnants of tule and thorny
forest or low jungle that provide refuge and protection to biodiversity,
in addition it has evident landscape values of great scenic beauty.
Ecologically: diversity of resident and migratory aquatic birds, such as
the rainbow duck, threatened and protected species, such as the otter
(Lontra longicaudis) and endemic species such as the fish (Ameca
splenda).
34. Classification of the La Vega Dam according to the Ramsar Convention
According to the Ramsar Information Sheet (Dávila et al, 2009) the La Vega Dam is a continental wetland of type M, N, O and
artificial wetland of type 2, 3, 6, 9
Surrounding artificial wetlands of type:
2 = Artificial ponds; includes farm ponds, small ponds
(generally less than 8 ha).
3 = Irrigated land.
6 = Water storage areas.
9 = Transportation and drainage channels.
Predominant type:
O Permanent freshwater lakes of more than 8 ha.S
econdary / surrounding areas:
M = permanent rivers / streams; includes waterfalls and falls.
N = Seasonal / intermittent rivers and streams.
CRITERIA FOR DESIGNATION AS A WETLAND OF INTERNATIONAL
IMPORTANCE
This wetland was designated a Ramsar site because it meets criteria 1, 2 and 3 of the Ramsar convention, which respectively say
that a wetland should be considered of international importance if:
35. CRITERION 1
A wetland should be considered of international importance if it contains a representative, rare, or unique
example of a natural or near-natural wetland type found within the appropriate biogeographic region.
CRITERION 2
A wetland should be considered of international importance if it supports vulnerable, endangered or
critically endangered species, or threatened ecological communities.
The La Vega Dam is important for the conservation of the Ameca River.
This reservoir retains the water to be used for agricultural, fishing, tourism, among others.
It houses a great diversity of species of flora and fauna that depend on it for their development, it is important to
note that some of these species are in risk categories
According to the list of fauna prepared by the CEA (Jalisco State Water Commission) and the field work and
research carried out since 2006 by PROCCMA A.C. (Promotora de la Conservación de la Cultura y Medio Ambiente
A.C.), identified
SPECIES SPECIES SPECIES SPECIES SPECIES
fish of which two are
in risk category
amphibians of which
two are in risk
category
reptiles of which
eleven are found
inrisk category
birds of which 35 are
aquatic and 10
areare in some
category of risk
mammals of which
four are in some
category of risk
36. CRITERION 3
A wetland should be considered of international importance if it supports populations of plant and / or
animal species important to maintain the biological diversity of a given biogeographic region.
The Neotropical otter is considered an umbrella species, since it is an important element for the conservation of
complete ecosystems, its presence is an indicator of high energy availability and high biodiversity. (Gallo, Ramos,
Rangel 2008)
The otter Lontra longicaudis is a species considered threatened by NOM-059; its distribution goes from the North of
Mexico to Uruguay (Hall, 1981)
Aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation is important in this area for the conservation of biodiversity, especially aquatic
species since they are used by fish, birds and mammals as nesting and refuge sites.
Furthermore, verbatim, the Convention (article 2.2) stipulates
that:
“The selection of wetlands to be included in the list should be
based on their international importance in ecological,
botanical, zoological, limnological and hydrological terms” and
notes that, “wetlands that have international importance for
waterfowl should first be included in any season of the year ”,
a criterion met by the La Vega Presa Ramsar site, since it is
within the western corridor of migratory birds that come from
North and Central America, in addition tothat there are 31
species that are in some category of protection according to
NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 or the IUCN Red list
37. Conservation protection and management initiatives
Technical Committee for the Integral Management of the La Vega Dam.
It was promoted by the Jalisco State Water Commission (CEA) in 2007 as an organism of attention for the
sustainability of the wetland and above all due to the situation of invasion of aquatic weeds that the dam suffered
at that time, it constitutes a intersectoral and inter-institutional committee, whose presidency today falls on the
University of Guadalajara through the CU Valles (Los Valles University Center) and where the technical secretariat is
directed by the CEA itself.
They live in the town of La Vega who meet to organize themselves on various issues such as
education, gender equity, agroecology, etc. and who have known how to undertake developing
natural products, herbal medicines, ointments, creams and shampoos that they commercialize
or true within their locality. This type of initiative is fundamental because it contributes to the
participation, visibility and empowerment of women, a vulnerable group to which "little is
taken into account"
38. DIAGNOSIS AND PROBLEMATIC OF THE SITUATION
ENVIRONMENTAL
Development of economic and productive activities
with methods and practices that cause environmental
impact (under policies that no longer apply to current
needs), in addition to the strong and evident
disconnection of society and the activities that it
develops with respect to the well-being of the dam.
It should also be noted that there is a lag in the
application of environmental policies and regulations in
the process of economic growth.
Ecosystemic and environmental
Pollution by agrochemicals and black water
Deforestation
Destruction of the habitat of protected species
Public perception of environmental
problems at the La Vega Dam
Ramsar site
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
39. The development of agribusiness is one of the most important activities in the area
of influence of the Ramsar Presa La Vega site; However, it has been developing,
mainly splitting ecosystems, negatively impacting soil, water, atmosphere, the loss
of natural spaces and decreasing biological biodiversity.
Causes of environmental problems at the Presa la Vega Ramsar site.
(Social perception)
DOESN’T KNOW
OTHERS
LACK OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
CULTURE
LACK OF
GOVERNMENT
INTEREST
DRAIN AND
DISCHARGE
40. DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIOECONOMIC
The sugar cane crisis
For the population, the sugarcane planting activity is not considered either ecologically or economically
profitable. This fact invites us to question whether the most important and prevailing activity in an entire
region is carried out despite its alleged lack of profitability and its possible environmental impacts.
It is an activity with high social, economic and environmental impact.
Problems of sugarcane production in recent years:
1. Fall in the international price of sugar.
2. 2. Decrease in domestic consumption due to the substitution of sucrose for high fructose corn syrups
(HFCS) and non-caloric sweeteners.
3. 3.Instability in oil prices, which threatens its viability as an economic activity
Problematic in Teuchitlán
El Ingenio de Tala S.A. lends money to the ejidatarios, an approximate of $ 7,000 per hectare, then
you have to give the production and after it is delivered the price is determined according to supply
and demand ... but sometimes most of the time it does not come out to pay off this debt
41. Considerations for vulnerable and gender groups
The municipality of Teuchitlán, in conjunction with the Committee for the management of the Ramsar
site, has been promoting the training of women in some areas:
Use of medicinal plants.
Training regarding the elaboration of handicrafts with water lily and tule.
Creation of urban gardens.
PROBLEMATIC
Although there is an attempt to improve the situation, there is a lack of a continuous gender
integration program.
Women are not usually included in decision-making as they are more related to the
family environment
They do not have strong representation in the public sphere and positions of
power
Most of the women show interest in being part of the decision-making of the RAMSAR
site
42. PRESENCE AND INSTITUTIONAL COORDINATION
Technical Committee for the Integral Management of La Vega Dam
It was constituted in 2007, it is 1 of the other 4 Committees that exist for the management of Ramsar
sites in the State of Jalisco.
Among its specific objectives are the following:
Implement sanitation programs and actions to maintain control of aquatic weeds in the medium and
long term.
Implementation of the comprehensive management and sustainable development plan for the La Vega
Dam.
Promote the ordering and regulation of water uses.
Promote the integrated management of the water resources of the basin and the preservation of its
natural resources.
Develop water culture programs, in relation to the social, economic and ecological importance of water
STRENGTHS
Continuity, plurality,
technical capacity,
strong participation of
productive sectors,
academia, organized
civil society and public
institutions
WEAKNESSES
Lack of legal personality to
manage resources and of a
regulation that indicates
the distribution of powers
and responsibilities, little
participation of local
authorities.
43. ZONING
The management of spaces and ecosystems is based on a
territorial planning scheme that incorporates environmental
criteria and according to what the LGEEPA establishes, this is
designated as the ecological ordering of the territory: based
on an analysis of productive capacities, ecological
limitations, objectives of production, conservation or
restoration and technical management possibilities
FLORA
AND
FAUNA
HUMAN
ACTIVITY
Bird nesting
and
interaction
Otter
nesting or
remnants
Vegetable
cover
endemic
fish
productive
activities
fishing
sites
impact due
to soil
change
scenic
beauty and
tourism
risk of
collapse
surface
recharge
runoff and
permeability
maximu
m flood
zone
SURFACE
44. LEGAL INSTRUMENTS THAT MAY APPLY TO THE SUSTAINABLE
MANAGEMENT OF WETLANDS
Currently, the federal government implements various legal and administrative instruments
that contribute to the preservation, protection, restoration and sustainable use of wetlands.
However, to date there is no document that establishes a comprehensive and transversal
framework of action.
Despite the importance that these ecosystems represent, Mexico does not have legislation
that is specific to wetlands, however there are numerous laws, regulations and standards that
have, to some extent, impact on the protection, conservation and sustainable use of
wetlands in Mexico.
Official Mexican Standard NOM-001-ECOL-
1996,that establishes the maximum permissible
limits of pollutants in the discharges of
wastewater into national waters and goods.
Official Mexican Standard NOM-062-ECOL-1994,
which establishes the specifications to mitigate
the adverse effects on biodiversity caused by the
change in land use from forest to agricultural
land.
Official Mexican Standard NOM-059-ECOL-
2010,that determines the species and subspecies
of wild terrestrial and aquatic flora and fauna in
danger of extinction, threatened, rare and those
subject to special protection and that establishes
specifications for your protection.
RESPONSIBLE
The municipal agencies are responsible for
regulating the waters of municipal jurisdiction, as
well as the national waters assigned to them.
Municipal authorities have the power to for mulate
the instruments of territorial planning and authorize
and control the land uses of the territories adjacent
or far from the wetlands, which can generate
impacts on them.
49. Encourage companies to exercise social and environmental responsibility towards the dam.
Creation of a pilot plot with new agroecological techniques to demonstrate the responsible use of the practice.
Have greater control of the burning of crops and wastes that affect the quality of the soil.
Promote crop rotation.
Creation of regulations that define the use or intensity of the type of agriculture applied, without putting the soil at risk for future
harvests.
Reforest areas affected by intensive agriculture for a better use of the plots
AXES OF
ACTION HYDROLOGY
implement a comprehensive sanitation program, with proper resource management and with the participation of the 3 levels of
government, taking into account the community and the groups that are interested in it.
Give priority to the control of wastewater from the Teuchitlán River and the Salado River.
Allow, promote but have a healthy control for the habitat, the proliferation of reed and tule in the margins of rivers, springs and
defined protection areas where species at risk live.
Landscape restoration.
Install the missing collector from the municipal seat of Teuchitlán to the La Estanzuela Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP).
Have a color between changes of administrations.
Implement proper management of fishing waste.
TERRITORY
CONNECTIVITY
Install signage in the different spaces that lead you to the dam to inform the population about the RAMSAR site.
Seek communication and feedback on what happens around the dam in dialogue tables where different sectors intervene and can
reach solutions for common problems.
Create roads between the towns that are around the dam, for a better transfer either for tourists or residents of the area.
Take advantage of the existing greenways project, without endangering the habitat where they are nearby.
Provide an infrastructure of roads or trails that withstand the ravages of meteorological phenomena that may occur
USE AREAS
Have two different scopes that are adapted to the needs and problems of the area to be intervened for optimal tourism
development without affecting its environmental condition, even improving it.
A C D F: The intervention points are the strategic areas for the creation of low-impact infrastructure that creates the necessary
conditions to generate a plan of activities related to rural tourism, adventure tourism, among others. These points are presented
as an opportunity due to its tourism potential without losing sight of the commitment to the environment and sustainable
development.
B E: The proposed observation and rehabilitation points focus solely on the restoration of the area, creating policies that ensure
the environmental well-being of the existing habitat.
52. Establish friendly access routes with the natural area
to be protected, establish environmental policies for
the care of the biodiversity of species and the care of
their habitat
53. Establish a connection between the different
cooperatives of groups of fishermen in the area, as a
triggering actor within the proposals to be
implemented.
54. Establish policies to regulate residual discharges from
the salty river from the municipal seat of Tala, as well
as from the municipality's sugar mill.
55. Orient the existing commercial area towards a
sustainable tourism approach, adding elements from
signage to the improvement of the existing
infrastructure.
56. Orient the area towards a recreation approach based
on sustainable tourism, adding elements from signage
to improving the existing infrastructure. Creating a
catalog of activities that do not pose a threat to the
balance of the habitat
57. Establish friendly access routes with the natural area
to be protected, rehabilitation of the area to receive
non-invasive sporadic tourism.
59. MASTER
PLAN
INTERVENTION POINTST
The intervention points are the strategic areas for the
creation of low-impact infrastructure that creates the
necessary conditions to generate a plan of activities
related to rural tourism and bird tourism. These points
are presented as an opportunity because of its potential
tourism without losing sight of the commitment to the
environment and sustainable development. Within these
areas, recreational activities may be carried out if it does
not alter the natural environment, such as the prior
establishment of fishing spots or workshops that involve
the community in making local products .At these points
there will be the infrastructure of complementary tourist
services, as well as environmental information centers to
publicize relevant environmental information issues.
POINTS OF OBSERVATION AND REHABILITATION
The proposed observation and rehabilitation points focus
solely on the restoration of the area, creating policies that
ensure the environmental well-being of the existing habitat.
Through the previous diagnosis we realized that these
points are of great relevance for the biodiversity of species
that it receives. Creating strategies that provide the optimal
conditions necessary for the survival of the different
specimens that this area hosts. These areas, as mentioned
above, will only be for observation, that is, they will not
have human presence within the area, although it is of low
impact, since we consider it of great importance to remove
all foreign elements that may affect the habitat. These
observation points, as the name implies, are to be observed
from other types of activities, such as canoeing or from the
sighting towers to be proposed.
60. ZONING
The management of spaces and ecosystems is based on a
territorial planning scheme that incorporates environmental
criteria and according to what the LGEEPA establishes, this is
designated as the ecological ordering of the territory: based
on an analysis of productive capacities, ecological
limitations, objectives of production, conservation or
restoration and technical management possibilities
FLORA
AND
FAUNA
HUMAN
ACTIVITY
Bird nesting
and
interaction
Otter
nesting or
remnants
Vegetable
cover
endemic
fish
productive
activities
fishing
sites
impact due
to soil
change
scenic
beauty and
tourism
risk of
collapse
surface
recharge
runoff and
permeability
maximu
m flood
zone
SURFACE
69. It is a short perennial tree plant, 4-6 m tall.
tall, with a sparse and irregular canopy. The trunk is
branched from the base with thin and scaly branches,
the bark is grayish-brown, rough, rough and cleft.
The foliage is partially deciduous, in summer it lacks
leaves, but it has many flowers yellow, orange and
reddish tones.
The in presences appear in terminal clusters with the
tubular or campanulate corolla 3-5 cm, fragrant and
with bright yellow tones.
It is a small tree 6 to 8 m tall; the trunk is cylindricalor
sub-cylindrical, in old individuals the trunk is found
sweat at the base, the often has dense branches, the
Young twigs are brown, velutinous, the crown is
rounded to conical. The outer bark is smooth when
young and sweaty when old, straw-colored. The leaves
are simple alternate, rarely subponed, present 3 to 5
wolves little deep, usually with glandular margin, 12 to
18cm long and 10 to 16 cm wide, the apex is acuminate
or slightly apiculate, the base rounded or obtuse, the
upper it is trichomatous, the underside pubescent to
densely hairy, with stellate trichomes.
70. Tree generally between 5 to 8 m in height, some up to
12 and 14 m, with a short trunk and spreading branches,
it tends to have a large umbrella shape, similar to that of
African acacias. Compound leaves, doubly divided,
consisting of very small feather-like or pinnate leaves,
the secondary leaves numerous 1 to 2 mm long, the
leaves are arranged in sets, each set containing 40 to 50
very small flowers of yellow - orange color is very
fragrant. The fruits are pods that are 7 to 13 cm long by
2 to 2.5 cm wide. Each pod has 6 to 14 seeds. The seeds
are oval-shaped, small 6 mm long by 4 mm at the widest
part, with a U-shaped scar. The pods fall in the dry
season.
It is a tree up to 20 m high, with a rounded crown, with
the slightly twisted trunk and diameters of 75 cm, with
branches oblique and thick, the bark is very marked with
cracks and longitudinal dark brown scales. Presents a
gummy exudate when the tree is mature. The leaves are
doubly compound, 15 to 25 cm long long, consisting of 8
to 17 pairs of primary leaflets opposite, formed in turn
by 25 to 50 pairs of leaflets secondary, opposite, small
and glued, reach 4 to5mm by 1mm. These trees lose
their leaves between January and March, before sunrise.
71. The custard apple tree is slow growing, it can acquire a
height of 7 to 8 m at maturity, it presents lush foliage,
erect and sometimes branching habit. The stem is
cylindrical and thick bark. The leaves, with petioles6-12
mm, they are simple, whole, very thin, of disposition
alternate and oval or ovate-lanceolate and with the
underside tomentoso. The buds are compound and can
originate mixed shoots (vegetative and oral) .34 The
ores,o f six yellowish petals mottled with purple, herma
phrodites, they are very aromatic, not very showy,
solitary or in bouquets of two or three, on a short and
inclined peduncle I insert it in the axils of the leaves.
Tree that belongs to the Rutaceae family, reaches a size
of 2 to 10 m tall with a wide crown. Leaves composed of
3 to 5 leaflets in the form of an open hand bright green.
Hermaphroditic flowers, fragrant, composed of 5
greenish yellow petals or whitish. Its fruit is a drupe,
they measure from 6 to 10 cm wide and rich in vitamin
A and C are yellowish with a sweet white pulp,
resembling an apple and has between 2 and 5 seeds.
The bark, leaves and mainly the seeds are used in
popular medicinal for its hypnotic properties, sedatives
and hypotensive, in the treatment of cases of insomnia
and to control hypertension; Also used in cases of
rheumatic pain and as an antidiarrheal.
72. The guamúchil, gallinero, finzán, chiminango, gina,
orpayandé (Pithecellobium dulce) is a kind of plants
belonging to the genus Pithecellobium, of the family of
legumes. It is native to Mexico, Central America and
South America. The term «guamaras» is used to refer to
-I know the fruit. It is a medium-sized, fast-growing tree
native to the American tropics. It has been extensively
introduced to other areas for ornamental purposes and
for reforestation, and for the production of firewood and
numerous other products. Mature trees are usually 5 to
22 m high, with a short trunk 30 to 75 cm in diameter at
the height of the chest (d.a.p.); a wide and scattered
goblet, and a court -Za usually smooth and light gray in
color.
Mesquites (from Nahuatl mizquitl) are botanical species
of legumes of the genus Prosopis. They find each other
mainly in arid and semi-arid areas of Mexico, covering
the south-central part of the country. These deciduous
trees generally grow to measure between 6 and 9 m
high, although it is common to find them like bushes.
They have narrow, bipinnate leaves, com -laid, 5 to 7.5
cm long and with soft tips, and branches with thorns.
The fruit that these trees bear, in pod form, it is also
called mesquite and in Sonora Mexico: Péchita
73. Herbaceous and lively plant with tuberous roots that
canreach between 60 to 150 cm in height. It has highly
branched stems with erect branches. Petiolate leaves,
ovate, 4 to 13 cm long by 10 to 80 mm wide. The
inorescences arise at the tips of the branches, often
surrounded by small leaves, with bell-shaped
involvement 5 to 15 mm long.Flowers with 5 stamens
somewhat more prominent than the calyx,this one
between 30 to 55 mm long. Same lobes or
somethingshorter than the tube.A curious peculiarity of
this species is that in thesame plant can give flowers of
different colorssimultaneously, and even an individual
flower may bedotted with various colors. Another of the
phenomena thatpresents is the color change. White
flowers canchange to light purple.
It is a herbaceous plant that measures between one
and 1.5 m in height; the leaves are elongated, narrow
and pointed in bothextremes. Its flowers are red, pink,
orange and yellow. Thefruits when drying open.Mata
of herbaceous consistency, with long leaves of an
intense and shiny green color. Flowers tubular, solitary,
arranged on long peduncles in the axils of the leaves;
they are abundantly distributed in the apical section of
the stems. These flowers are tubular, with the apical
part of the petals yellow-orange and the rest of the
corolla red.
74. This small tropical plant has a striking appearance
andrare. His inaccuracies recall the tail of ascorpion,
which is why many know her with that common name:
"tail of scorpion". Has uses in traditional medicine, as
it is commonly used to curediarrhea from which a
decoction is made with the whole plant andit is given
as tea, especially to children. Also I know used in the
treatment of alterations of the excretory system such
as kidney pain, urine disease, cystitis, urethritis andto
cleanse the kidneys. In the same way, it is used in
conditions of the reproductive system such as vaginal
infections,bleeding in pregnancy, menstrual cramps
and parturient.
Perennial grasses, tussocks, erect, with short
rhizomes,with canes from 20 to 50 cm high. Leaves
with open sheath;membranous ligule, ciliated, 0.5 to 1
mm long;flat sheet, 2 to 6 mm wide. Spiciform
panicledense, 3 to 8 cm in length. Spikelet ovoid from
2 to 2.8mm long with 4 to 9 involucre setae. Lower
glume3-5-vein, 1/3 to 1/2 the length of the spikelet.
Upper glume5-vein, 1/2 to 3/4 the length of the
spikelet. Fertile lemmaovoid with rough surface. 1.3 to
2 mm caryopsislength.
75. Erect, highly branched, perennial plant, up to 1.5
m.Narrow and lanceolate leaves, usually with a
margincurly. The basal ones with long petioles,
lanceolate tooblong-lanceolate, 10 to 30 cm long, edge
frequently wavy, with manifest venation, the upper
leaves more reduced. the flowers whorled and
arranged in dense, narrow, elongated, ascending
panicles, 10 to 50 cm long, flower pedicels 5 to 10 mm
long, articulated near the base. Periantic segments of
heart-shaped fruit, whole, with three (rarely one)
protrusions. It blooms in summer.
Glandularia bipinnatida is a species of plant in the
Verbenaceae family, native to North America. It is
commonly known as carpet, moradilla or verbena.
It is a creeping or sparse annual herb 30 to 60 cm long, with
highly branched stems with glandular hairs. Its leaves are
divided into 3 or more segments, and these are sometimes
divided on more than one occasion. They are smooth on the
front and hairy on the back. The flowers are showy, purple
or bluish, with a trumpet-shaped corolla with five lobes.
76. This original Tree from the Southwest of North
America (Texas, Arizona, New Mexico and Mexico) can
reach ten meters in height. Salix taxifolia uses
antelopes to pollinate its flowers with dioecious
reproductive units. Finally: this species has deciduous
leaves.It will do best in soils with acidic or neutral pH.
itsunderground part will grow vigorously on textured
supportssandy, loamy, clayey or very clayey, these can
bekeep generally moist or soggy. It is extremely
important watering taking into account the
information above, but also factors such as: sun
exposure,temperature, soil texture, time of year, etc.
It is a plant similar to bamboo, from which it
differsbecause from each knot a single leaf comes out
that sheaths the stem.It reaches 3-6 m in height, 1 has a
thick hollow stem. Thelanceolate leaves are 5-7 cm long
that wrap around the stemin the form of bright green
blades. The flowers are in alarge panicle of purplish or
yellow spikelets 3-6 dmof length. Each spikelet has one
or two flowers. Flowering,end of summer and fall.
It is the largest of the grasses of theMediterranean
region.It inhabits permanent or seasonal wetlands.The
reeds are spread by their underground rhizomes
thatgrow forming long colonies of several kilometers
along waterways or where groundwater accumulatesor
humidity.
77. It is an aquatic perennial herbaceous plant, of the
family of thesedges, common in estuaries and swamps
of South America.The Mapuches called it vathu, which
was Spanishized tobatro in Chile.Its stem measures
between one and three meters, depending on the
varieties,and has uses in the construction of ceilings
and walls forsheds and ranches, and furniture. Its use
is traditional in the construction of boats to sail in
theLake Titicaca and some beaches in Peru.This is a
perennial herb, small, fasciculate, with fibrous roots.
The stem is cespitose, erect, smooth, trigone,terete
(circular in cross section) or ribbed, without have
tuberosities at the base. Section sheets lower they
have leaf sheaths lacking blades; the higher develop
them occasionally
It is a robust rhizomatous aquatic plant, up to 3
metersTall. It has long sheathed and spongy
petioles,bearing large ovate leaves, grablas, up to 63 cm
inlong by 26 cm wide, with a rounded base and apexon
point. In spring and summer it shows lax panicles,
withRhachis with 5 to 20 mm internodes, with other
zygos morphs, 2 cm in diameter, with a corolla of 3
violet petals.Fruitful in summer and fall. The fruit is a 1
cm capsule,almost spherical. During the dry season, or
in freezing areas,the aerial part of the plant dries out
completely, but notit dies, as it sprouts from the
rhizomes when conditions are favorable again. It is
cultivated as an ornamental plant, for ponds, where it
tolerates light frosts.
80. Public luminaire
(free of wiring) Map
Lighting poles based on solar energy to avoid the risk of
fire due to failures and deterioration of the conventional
electrical wiring, avoid the obstruction of the panoramic
view and generate long-term economic savings
positioning of an information panel at each point to be
developed around the la vega dam to guide and instill an
awareness in favor of caring for the environment
81. Integration of pillars to support the
main structure, creating a space
between the ground and the
building in order to respect the
existing land and not obstruct the
growth of flora and fauna activity.
The stilt houses are buildings built from
wood, propped up on the ground by means
of pillars or simple stakes, also made of
wood or supported on calm waters such as
lakes, lagoons, wetlands or rivers with little
flow, although there are also neighborhoods
of stilt houses built on the seashore.
82. SIGNAGE
PROJECT
Guide and inform the visitors and inhabitants of the place about the
biological, ecosystem, cultural, social and economic importance of
the protected natural areas
Promote environmental education, protection and conservation of
nature, allowing or restricting certain activities within the area
order and regulate the territory so that the visitor is clear about
where he is and how he can get to other places. At the same time, it
serves to regulate the flow of people and prevent access to certain
fragile spaces.
induce among the population practices that lead to the preservation
and conservation of the ecological processes of protected natural
areas
promote the integration and development of the populations
influenced by the protected natural area by making them participate
in the execution of the signage
Informative
(educational and interpretive)
Guiding or directional
Normative
They give information, promote knowledge
and sensitize, help to a proper understanding
of the natural and cultural resources of the
place
They are intended to locate and direct
individuals to an environment
Among the regulators we can find
preventive, restrictive or prohibitive
