1. HISTORY OFHISTORY OFHISTORY OFHISTORY OF
TRANSPORTTRANSPORTTRANSPORTTRANSPORT
A Revolution….A Revolution….A Revolution….A Revolution….
By Ishaan LimayeBy Ishaan LimayeBy Ishaan LimayeBy Ishaan Limaye
Grade 3, HGrade 3, HGrade 3, HGrade 3, H
2. The first form of transport was, ofThe first form of transport was, ofThe first form of transport was, ofThe first form of transport was, of
course, Shanks pony (the humancourse, Shanks pony (the humancourse, Shanks pony (the humancourse, Shanks pony (the human
foot!).foot!).foot!).foot!).
However people eventually learnedHowever people eventually learnedHowever people eventually learnedHowever people eventually learned
to use animals for transport.to use animals for transport.to use animals for transport.to use animals for transport.
Donkeys and horses were probablyDonkeys and horses were probablyDonkeys and horses were probablyDonkeys and horses were probably
domesticated between 4,000 anddomesticated between 4,000 anddomesticated between 4,000 anddomesticated between 4,000 and
3,000 BC (obviously the exact3,000 BC (obviously the exact3,000 BC (obviously the exact3,000 BC (obviously the exact
date is not known).date is not known).date is not known).date is not known).
Camels were domesticatedCamels were domesticatedCamels were domesticatedCamels were domesticated
slightly later between 3,000 andslightly later between 3,000 andslightly later between 3,000 andslightly later between 3,000 and
2,000 BC.2,000 BC.2,000 BC.2,000 BC.
3. Meanwhile about 3,500 BC the wheel was inventedMeanwhile about 3,500 BC the wheel was inventedMeanwhile about 3,500 BC the wheel was inventedMeanwhile about 3,500 BC the wheel was invented
in what is now Iraq.in what is now Iraq.in what is now Iraq.in what is now Iraq.
At first wheels were made of solid pieces of woodAt first wheels were made of solid pieces of woodAt first wheels were made of solid pieces of woodAt first wheels were made of solid pieces of wood
lashed together to form a circle but after 2,000 BClashed together to form a circle but after 2,000 BClashed together to form a circle but after 2,000 BClashed together to form a circle but after 2,000 BC
they were made with spokes.they were made with spokes.they were made with spokes.they were made with spokes.
4. The earliest boats were dug out canoes. PeopleThe earliest boats were dug out canoes. PeopleThe earliest boats were dug out canoes. PeopleThe earliest boats were dug out canoes. People
lit a fire on a big log then put it out and duglit a fire on a big log then put it out and duglit a fire on a big log then put it out and duglit a fire on a big log then put it out and dug
out the burned wood.out the burned wood.out the burned wood.out the burned wood.
About 3,100 BC the Egyptians invented theAbout 3,100 BC the Egyptians invented theAbout 3,100 BC the Egyptians invented theAbout 3,100 BC the Egyptians invented the
sailing boat.sailing boat.sailing boat.sailing boat.
They were made of bundles of papyrus reedsThey were made of bundles of papyrus reedsThey were made of bundles of papyrus reedsThey were made of bundles of papyrus reeds
tied together.tied together.tied together.tied together.
They had simple square sails made of sheetsThey had simple square sails made of sheetsThey had simple square sails made of sheetsThey had simple square sails made of sheets
of papyrus or later of linen.of papyrus or later of linen.of papyrus or later of linen.of papyrus or later of linen.
However the sail could only be used whenHowever the sail could only be used whenHowever the sail could only be used whenHowever the sail could only be used when
sailing in one direction. When travellingsailing in one direction. When travellingsailing in one direction. When travellingsailing in one direction. When travelling
against the wind the boat had to be rowed.against the wind the boat had to be rowed.against the wind the boat had to be rowed.against the wind the boat had to be rowed.
Latter on, Egyptians used wooden shipsLatter on, Egyptians used wooden shipsLatter on, Egyptians used wooden shipsLatter on, Egyptians used wooden ships
for trade.for trade.for trade.for trade.
5. In the mid 19th century transport was revolutionised byIn the mid 19th century transport was revolutionised byIn the mid 19th century transport was revolutionised byIn the mid 19th century transport was revolutionised by
railways. They made travel much faster.railways. They made travel much faster.railways. They made travel much faster.railways. They made travel much faster.
The Stockton and Darlington railway opened in 1825.The Stockton and Darlington railway opened in 1825.The Stockton and Darlington railway opened in 1825.The Stockton and Darlington railway opened in 1825.
However the first major railway was from Liverpool toHowever the first major railway was from Liverpool toHowever the first major railway was from Liverpool toHowever the first major railway was from Liverpool to
Manchester. It opened in 1830. In the 1840s there was aManchester. It opened in 1830. In the 1840s there was aManchester. It opened in 1830. In the 1840s there was aManchester. It opened in 1830. In the 1840s there was a
huge boom in building railways and most towns in Britainhuge boom in building railways and most towns in Britainhuge boom in building railways and most towns in Britainhuge boom in building railways and most towns in Britain
were connected.were connected.were connected.were connected.
The first underground railway in Britain was built inThe first underground railway in Britain was built inThe first underground railway in Britain was built inThe first underground railway in Britain was built in
London in 1863.London in 1863.London in 1863.London in 1863.
Steam locomotives pulled the carriages. The first electricSteam locomotives pulled the carriages. The first electricSteam locomotives pulled the carriages. The first electricSteam locomotives pulled the carriages. The first electric
underground trains began running in London in 1890.underground trains began running in London in 1890.underground trains began running in London in 1890.underground trains began running in London in 1890.
The Central Line opened in 1900.The Central Line opened in 1900.The Central Line opened in 1900.The Central Line opened in 1900.
6. In the 1860s and 1870s horse drawnIn the 1860s and 1870s horse drawnIn the 1860s and 1870s horse drawnIn the 1860s and 1870s horse drawn
trams began running in many towns.trams began running in many towns.trams began running in many towns.trams began running in many towns.
Meanwhile the first traffic lights wereMeanwhile the first traffic lights wereMeanwhile the first traffic lights wereMeanwhile the first traffic lights were
installed in London in 1868. They wereinstalled in London in 1868. They wereinstalled in London in 1868. They wereinstalled in London in 1868. They were
worked by gas and unfortunately theyworked by gas and unfortunately theyworked by gas and unfortunately theyworked by gas and unfortunately they
soon blew up.soon blew up.soon blew up.soon blew up.
The motorbike was patented in 1885.The motorbike was patented in 1885.The motorbike was patented in 1885.The motorbike was patented in 1885.
Also in the safety bicycle was inventedAlso in the safety bicycle was inventedAlso in the safety bicycle was inventedAlso in the safety bicycle was invented
and cycling soon became a popularand cycling soon became a popularand cycling soon became a popularand cycling soon became a popular
hobby.hobby.hobby.hobby.
7. Karl Benz and Gottlieb DaimlerKarl Benz and Gottlieb DaimlerKarl Benz and Gottlieb DaimlerKarl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler
made the first cars in 1885 and 1886.made the first cars in 1885 and 1886.made the first cars in 1885 and 1886.made the first cars in 1885 and 1886.
Although the first cars appeared at theAlthough the first cars appeared at theAlthough the first cars appeared at theAlthough the first cars appeared at the
end of the 19th century, in 1940end of the 19th century, in 1940end of the 19th century, in 1940end of the 19th century, in 1940
only about one in 10 families owned aonly about one in 10 families owned aonly about one in 10 families owned aonly about one in 10 families owned a
car. Yet cars only became reallycar. Yet cars only became reallycar. Yet cars only became reallycar. Yet cars only became really
common in the 1960s. By the 1970s thecommon in the 1960s. By the 1970s thecommon in the 1960s. By the 1970s thecommon in the 1960s. By the 1970s the.
majority of families owned onemajority of families owned onemajority of families owned onemajority of families owned one
8. In 20th century there wereIn 20th century there wereIn 20th century there wereIn 20th century there were
electrified trams which were soonelectrified trams which were soonelectrified trams which were soonelectrified trams which were soon
phased out and gave way to busesphased out and gave way to busesphased out and gave way to busesphased out and gave way to buses
which ran on overhead wires andwhich ran on overhead wires andwhich ran on overhead wires andwhich ran on overhead wires and
soon cities were linked by lightsoon cities were linked by lightsoon cities were linked by lightsoon cities were linked by light
railways.railways.railways.railways.
9. Wright brothers First Airplane Flight in 1903Wright brothers First Airplane Flight in 1903Wright brothers First Airplane Flight in 1903Wright brothers First Airplane Flight in 1903
Meanwhile a completely new form ofMeanwhile a completely new form ofMeanwhile a completely new form ofMeanwhile a completely new form of
transport began. In 1919 aeroplanestransport began. In 1919 aeroplanestransport began. In 1919 aeroplanestransport began. In 1919 aeroplanes
began carrying passengers betweenbegan carrying passengers betweenbegan carrying passengers betweenbegan carrying passengers between
London and Paris. (The first aeroplaneLondon and Paris. (The first aeroplaneLondon and Paris. (The first aeroplaneLondon and Paris. (The first aeroplane
flight in Britain was made in 1908). Theflight in Britain was made in 1908). Theflight in Britain was made in 1908). Theflight in Britain was made in 1908). The
first passenger jet service began in 1952.first passenger jet service began in 1952.first passenger jet service began in 1952.first passenger jet service began in 1952.
However in the early 20th century flightHowever in the early 20th century flightHowever in the early 20th century flightHowever in the early 20th century flight
was a luxury few people could afford.was a luxury few people could afford.was a luxury few people could afford.was a luxury few people could afford.
Furthermore only a small minorityFurthermore only a small minorityFurthermore only a small minorityFurthermore only a small minority
could afford foreign travel.could afford foreign travel.could afford foreign travel.could afford foreign travel.
The Boeing 747, the first 'Jumbo jet' wasThe Boeing 747, the first 'Jumbo jet' wasThe Boeing 747, the first 'Jumbo jet' wasThe Boeing 747, the first 'Jumbo jet' was
introduced in 1970introduced in 1970introduced in 1970introduced in 1970
