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Small Island Perspective
- 1. The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate #SROCC Professor Elisabeth A. Holland Norway-Pacific Chair in Oceans and Climate Change University of the South Pacific ElisabethHoll17
- 3. SPECIAL REPORT 1.5 – Every half degree (0.5°C) matters. Every Year matters. Every Action matters. The time for action is now.
- 5. Photo: Glenn R. Specht Sea Level Rise
- 6. • Sea level rise will continue beyond 2100. • Could be limited to around 1m in 2300 under low emissions. • Up to 5.4m in 2300 for high emissions. • Adaptation will be necessary, with low emission scenarios giving the best chance of adaptation success.
- 8. Photo: Paulo Krug Ocean and Marine LifePhoto: Mr. JK
- 10. Figure CB9.2: The storyline of risk for low-lying islands and coasts (LLIC). From left to right, this figure shows that
- 12. FINAL DRAFT Chapter 1 IPCC SR Ocean and Cryosphere Figure CB4.1: Knowledge co-production using scientific knowledge, Indigenous knowledge and/or local knowledge to create new understandings for decision making. Panels A, B, and C represent the use of one, two, and Combining Scientific, Indigenous and Local Knowledge
- 13. FINAL DRAFT Chapter 1 IPCC SR Ocean and Cryosphere CB3.2). The complexities of governance arrangements in the ocean, coasts and cryosphere (Figure CB3.1), and the interactions and emergence of relationships between different governance actors in multiple configurations across various spatial scales (Figure CB3.2) are illustrated below. Increasing Complexities of Ocean Governance
- 14. Pacific Messages – Every island matters. Every cm (sea level rise) matters. Every body matters. Every voice matters The time for action is now.
- 15. FINAL DRAFT Chapter 1 IPCC SR Ocean and Cryosphere FAQ 1.2, Figure 1: The United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals
- 16. Sail in Pacific Languages Cook Islands 🇨🇰 - Takie FSM 🇫🇲 - Terag Fiji 🇫🇯 – Laca/ Soko Kiribati 🇰🇮 – Te Borau Niue 🇳🇺 -La Palau 🇵🇼 - Yars PNG 🇵🇬 - Sel RMI 🇲🇭 - Wojla Samoa 🇼🇸 - Folau Tokelau 🇹🇰 – Fakatele / Folau Tonga 🇹🇴 Leae (Folau / Faila) Tuvalu 🇹🇻 - Fakatele
Editor's Notes
- The front and the back cover of the report pays tribute to the various regions addressed in this assessment, from the polar regions to tropical shores. The ocean and cryosphere – the frozen parts of our planet – might feel remote to some people. But they impact all of us, for weather and climate, food and water, or for energy, trade, transport, for health and wellbeing, for culture and identity. The ocean and the cryosphere are critical for all life on earth. And this report has shown, that if greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase, global warming will drastically alter the ocean and cryosphere. However, if we reduce emissions sharply, consequences for people and their livelihoods will still be challenging. But they will be potentially more manageable for those who are most vulnerable. The report reveals the benefits of ambitious and effective adaptation for sustainable development. Conversely there may be escalating costs and risks associated with delayed action.
- …and small island developing states are home to 65 million people. 680 million people in low-lying coastal zones. And they are vulnerable to sea level rise and coastal extreme events.
- Many Pacific Islands are already experiencing HCEs every year.
- Marine life is already being affected by warming and changes in ocean chemistry, with impacts on the people that depend on them.