ADO.NET by ASP.NET Development Company in india

iFour ConsultancyIntroduction to ADO. NET

 Introduction to ADO.NET
 Data Providers
 Classes
 SqlConnection Class
 SqlCommand Class
 SqlDataReader Class
 DataSet Class
 Connected architecture
 Disconnected architecture
 3-Tier Architecture
INDEX
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Introduction to ADO.NET : Definition
 Object-oriented set of libraries that allows interaction with data sources
 Commonly, the data source is a database, but it could also be a text file, an Excel
spreadsheet, or an XML file. It has classes and methods to retrieve and manipulate data
 It provides a bridge between the front end controls and the back end database
 The ADO.NET objects encapsulate all the data access operations and the controls
interaction with these objects to display data, thus hiding the details of movement of data
•A markup language is a set of markup tags

Introduction to ADO.NET : Data Providers
 Provides a relatively common way to interact with data sources, but comes in different
sets of libraries for each way you can talk to a data source
 These libraries are called Data Providers and are usually named for the protocol or data
source type they allow you to interact with.
 Table shows data providers, the API prefix they use, and the type of data source they
allow you to interact with
Provider Name API prefix Data Source Description
ODBC Data Provider Odbc Data Sources with an ODBC interface. Normally older data bases
OleDb Data Provider OleDb Data Sources that expose an OleDb interface, i.e. Access or Excel
Oracle Data Provider Oracle For Oracle Databases
SQL Data Provider Sql For interacting with Microsoft SQL Server
Borland Data Provider Bdp Generic access to many databases such as Interbase, SQL Server, IBM DB2, and Oracle

 SqlConnection Class
 SqlCommand Class
 SqlDataReader Class
 SqlDataAdaptor Class
 DataSet Class
Introduction to ADO.NET : Classes

 To interact with a database, connection to database is must
 The connection helps identify the database server, the database name, user name,
password, and other parameters that are required for connecting to the data base
 A connection class object is used by command objects to know which database to execute
the command
Introduction to ADO.NET : SqlConnection Class

 Add Connection String in Web config
<connectionStrings>
<add name="ConnectionName" connectionString="Data Source=192.168.0.27sql2014;Initial
Catalog=DatabaseName;Integrated Security=false;UID=username;PWD=Password;"
providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
</connectionStrings>
 Create A Connection Object
SqlConnection con=new
SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("ConnectionName").ConnectionString);
con.Open();
// Write Insert/Update/Delete/Select Query
con.Close()
SqlConnection Class - Example

Used to send SQL statements to the database
It uses a connection object to figure out which database to communicate with
The Command class provides methods for storing and executing SQL statements and Stored
Procedures. The following are the various commands that are executed by the Command Class
 ExecuteReader: Returns data to the client as rows. This would typically be an SQL select statement or a
Stored Procedure that contains one or more select statements. This method returns a DataReader object
that can be used to fill a DataTable object or used directly for printing reports and so forth
 ExecuteNonQuery: Executes a command that changes the data in the database, such as an update,
delete, or insert statement, or a Stored Procedure that contains one or more of these statements. This
method returns an integer that is the number of rows affected by the query
 ExecuteScalar: Returns a single value. This kind of query returns a count of rows or a calculated value
 ExecuteXMLReader: (SqlClient classes only) Obtains data from an SQL Server 2000 database using an XML
stream. Returns an XML Reader object
Introduction to ADO.NET : SqlCommand Class

 Creating a SqlCommand Object
 Similar to other C# objects, Instantiate a SqlCommand object via the new instance declaration, as follows:
 Querying Data
 When using a SQL select command, Retrieve a data set for viewing. To accomplish this with a SqlCommand object,
use the ExecuteReader method, which returns a SqlDataReader object. We’ll discuss the SqlDataReader in a future
lesson
 The example below shows how to use the SqlCommand object to obtain a SqlDataReader object:
SqlCommand Class – Example

 Inserting Data
 To insert data into a database, use the ExecuteNonQuery method of the SqlCommand object.
The following code shows how to insert data into a database table:
SqlCommand Class – Example (Cont.)

 Updating Data
 The ExecuteNonQuery method is also used for updating data. The following code shows how to
update data:

 Deleting Data
 Delete data using the ExecuteNonQuery method. The following example shows how to delete a
record from a database with the ExecuteNonQuery method:

 Getting Single values
 Sometimes need single value from database, which could be a count, sum, average, or other
aggregated value from a data set
 Performing an ExecuteReader and calculating the result in code is not the most efficient way to
do this
 The following example shows how to do this with the ExecuteScalar method:

 Many data operations require reading only a stream of data
 This object allow to obtain the results of a SELECT statement from a command object
 For performance reasons, the data returned from a data reader is a fast forward-only
stream of data
 This means pull the data from the stream in a sequential manner This is good for speed,
but if need for manipulating data, then a DataSet is a better object to work with
Introduction to ADO.NET : SqlDataReader Class

Creating a SqlDataReader Object
 Getting an instance of a SqlDataReader is a little different than the way other ADO.NET objects
are initialized. Call ExecuteReader on a command object, like this:
 The ExecuteReader method of the SqlCommand object, cmd , returns a SqlDataReader instance
 Creating a SqlDataReader with the new operator doesn’t do anything
 The SqlCommand object references the connection and the SQL statement necessary for the
SqlDataReader to obtain data
SqlDataReader Class - Example

Reading Data
 The typical method of reading from the data stream returned by the SqlDataReader is to iterate
through each row with a while loop. The following code shows how to accomplish this:
SqlDataReader Class – Example (Cont.)

 The data adapter makes it easy to accomplish these things by helping to manage data in a
disconnected mode
 The data adapter fills a DataSet object when reading the data and writes in a single batch when
persisting changes back to the database
 A data adapter contains a reference to the connection object and opens and closes the connection
automatically when reading from or writing to the database
 The data adapter contains command object references for SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE
operations on the data
 Data adapter defined for each table in a DataSet and it will take care of all communication with the
database
Introduction to ADO.NET : SqlDataAdaptor Class

 Creating A SqlDataAdapter
 It holds the SQL commands and connection object for reading and writing data
 The code above creates a new SqlDataAdapter, daCustomers. The SQL select statement specifies
what data will be read into a DataSet
 The connection object, conn, should have already been instantiated, but not opened
 SqlDataAdapter’s responsibility to open and close the connection during Fill and Update method
calls
SqlDataAdaptor Class - Example

 DataSet objects are in-memory representations of data
 Contains multiple Datatable objects, which contain columns and rows, just like normal
database tables. Possible to define relations between tables to create parent-child
relationships
 Specifically designed to help manage data in memory and to support disconnected
operations on data, when such a scenario makes sense
 An object that is used by all of the Data Providers, which is why it does not have a Data
Provider specific prefix
Introduction to ADO.NET : DataSet Class

 Creating a DataSet Object
 There isn’t anything special about instantiating a DataSet. Create a new instance, just like any other object:
 Filling the DataSet
 Fill method of the SqlDataAdapter:
 The Fill method, in the code above, takes two parameters: a DataSet and a table name
 The DataSet must be instantiated before trying to fill it with data. The second parameter is the name of the table that
will be created in the DataSet
 Its purpose is to identify the table with a meaningful name later on. Typically, same name as the database table is
taken. However, if the SqlDataAdapter’s select command contains a join, need to find another meaningful name.
DataSet Class - Example

 The architecture of ADO.net, in which connection must be opened to access the data
retrieved from database is called as connected architecture
 Built on the classes connection, command, datareader and transaction
 This creates more traffic to the database but is normally much faster for doing smaller
transactions
 Example:
Introduction to ADO.NET : Connected architecture
Database
Web Form

 The architecture of ADO.net in which data retrieved from database can be accessed even when
connection to database was closed is called as disconnected architecture
 Built on classes connection, dataadapter, commandbuilder and dataset and dataview
 Method of retrieving a record set from the database and storing it giving the ability to do many
CRUD (Create, Read, Update and Delete) operations on the data in memory, then it can be re-
synchronized with the database when reconnecting
 Example:
Introduction to ADO.NET : Disconnected architecture
Database
Web Form
Data Adapter

 A layer is a reusable portion of code that performs a specific function
 This specific layer is in charge of working with other layers to perform some specific goal
 Data Layer
 It contains methods that helps the Business Layer to connect the data and perform required actions, whether to
return data or to manipulate data (insert, update, delete)
 Business Layer
 A BAL contains business logic, validations or calculations related to the data. Though a website could talk to the
data access layer directly, it usually goes through another layer called the Business Layer.
 This ensures the data input is correct before proceeding, and can often ensure that the outputs are correct as well
 Presentation Layer
 Contains pages like .aspx or Windows Forms where data is presented to the user or input is taken from the user.
 The ASP.NET website or Windows Forms application (the UI for the project) is called the Presentation Layer. This is
the most important layer simply because it’s the one that everyone sees and uses
 Even with a well structured business and data layer, if the Presentation Layer is designed poorly, this gives the users
a poor view of the system
Introduction to ADO.NET : 3-Tier Architecture

Graphical representation of 3-Tier Architecture
Introduction to ADO.NET : 3-Tier Architecture Example
UI
Asp.net
MVC
E.g.:
a=20;
B=10;
Store c;
BLL
C#.net
E.g.:
c=a+b;
DAL
ADO.NET
E.g.:
Output
c;
Database
E.g.: Ms Sqlserver
Presentation Layer
also called User
Interface. Computer,
Mobile phone,etc.
Business Logic Layer
Does all the logic
operations
Data Access Layer
Communicate with
the database

 https://www.tutorialspoint.com/asp.net/asp.net_ado_net.htm
 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/27y4ybxw(v=vs.110).aspx
 http://csharp-station.com/Tutorial/AdoDotNet
 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/h43ks021(v=vs.110).aspx
References

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