1. Head and Neck (HUSSEIN AL SARAF) (1330385)
2. Head and Neck &Regional Lymphatics Review and locate – The Skull (bones of the cranium and the face)
3. Note the location of the CRANIAL BONES Frontal, Parietal, Occipital & Temporal
4. Note the location of the sutures. Coronal, Sagittal, Lambdoid Unite adjacent cranialbones
5. Note facial bones. Nasal, Lacrimal, Maxilla,Sphenoid & Zygomatic bones. Mandible (moves up, down, sideways)
6. Head-facial muscles Facial expressions are formed by facial muscles Facial structures should be symmetric. Facial muscles are innervated by cranial nerve VII
7. Note major Neck muscles.Sternocleidomastoids and trapezii muscles (each side of neck form 2 triangles- anterior & posterior cervical )
8. Thyroid gland and other landmarksThyroid gland - largest endocrine gland -secretes T3 & T4 to regulate cellular metabolism -flattened butterfly shape structure - 2 lateral lobes connected by isthmus - isthmus rest on trachea, inferior to the criocoid cartilage (highest point Adam’s Apple)
9. Note location of lymphatics 1. Preauricular, 2. post. auricular, 3. occipital, 4. submental, 5. submandibular, 6. Jugulodigastric or tonsillar, 7. superficial cervical chain, 8. deep cervical chain, 9. post. cervical, 10. supraclavicular.
10. Lymph Nodes Usuallyless than 1 cm round or ovid in shape smooth in consistency when enlarged or tender - assess for infection or maligancy and the area the node drains ( see p322 example)
11. BLOOD SUPPLY Major arteries to head and neck – common carotids bifurcate into –internal & external carotids Major veins from head and neck – internal an external jugular veins – and subclavian veins
12. Head and Neck &Regional Lymphatics Health History Subjective Data
13. Head and Neck & Regional Lymphatics- Health Hx• facial or neck surgery• history of headaches or dizziness• allergies• Neck pain, limitation of movement• Lumps or swelling, difficulty swallowing or chewing, history of smoking• head injuries
14. Head: Inspect andpalpate the skull Objective Data
15. Head: Inspect and palpate the skullSize and Shape (I)Normocephalic: round, symmetric and approximated to body size. (P)Shape: symmetric and smooth, no tenderness reported. – Use finger pads on scalp & palpate all surfaces – Assess contour, masses, depressions,tenderness – Note deformities lumps and tenderness.
16. Head: Inspect and palpate the scalp (I) Scalp should be shiny, intact and without lesions or masses. – Part hair repeatedly and inspect scalp (P)palpate with finger pads on the scalp for lesions or masses
17. Head: Inspection of the face (I) Symmetry of facial features: – Observe facial expression, shape and symmetry of nose, eyes, eyebrows, mouth, ears (I) Shape and features of face – Note shape of face – Note swelling (edema) , abnormal features, disproportionate structures (stroke, Bell’s Palsy = cranial nerve 7 damage -facial nerve), and involuntary movement (the presence of tics -norm
9. Head-facial muscles
Facial expressions are formed by
facial muscles
Facial structures should be
symmetric.
Facial muscles are innervated by
cranial nerve VII
12. Thyroid gland and
other landmarks
Thyroid gland - largest endocrine gland
-secretes T3 & T4 to regulate cellular
metabolism
-flattened butterfly shape structure
- 2 lateral lobes connected by isthmus
- isthmus rest on trachea, inferior to
the criocoid cartilage (highest point
Adam’s Apple)
13.
14. Note location of lymphatics
1. Preauricular,
2. post. auricular,
3. occipital,
4. submental,
5. submandibular,
6. Jugulodigastric or tonsillar,
7. superficial cervical chain,
8. deep cervical chain,
9. post. cervical,
10. supraclavicular.
15. Lymph Nodes
Usually less than 1 cm
round or ovid in shape
smooth in consistency
when enlarged or tender - assess for
infection or maligancy and the area
the node drains ( see p322 example)
16.
17. BLOOD SUPPLY
Major arteries to head and neck
– common carotids bifurcate into
– internal & external carotids
Major veins from head and neck
– internal an external jugular veins
– and subclavian veins
19. Head and Neck & Regional
Lymphatics- Health Hx
• facial or neck surgery
• history of headaches or dizziness
• allergies
• Neck pain, limitation of movement
• Lumps or swelling, difficulty
swallowing or chewing, history of
smoking
• head injuries
21. Head: Inspect and palpate the
skull
Size and Shape
(I)Normocephalic: round, symmetric
and approximated to body size.
(P)Shape: symmetric and smooth, no
tenderness reported.
– Use finger pads on scalp & palpate all surfaces
– Assess contour, masses, depressions,tenderness
– Note deformities lumps and tenderness.
22. Head: Inspect and palpate the
scalp
(I) Scalp should be shiny, intact and
without lesions or masses.
– Part hair repeatedly and inspect scalp
(P) palpate with finger pads on the
scalp for lesions or masses
23. Head: Inspection of the face
(I) Symmetry of facial features:
– Observe facial expression, shape and
symmetry of nose, eyes, eyebrows, mouth,
ears
(I) Shape and features of face
– Note shape of face
– Note swelling (edema) , abnormal features,
disproportionate structures (stroke, Bell’s Palsy
= cranial nerve 7 damage -facial nerve), and
involuntary movement (the presence of tics -
normally none occur)
(I) Facial expression: emotions
– Note appropriateness to verbal and nonverbal
24. THE END
THANK YOU AND THANK FOR OUR
DOCTOR (Paata Kintsurashvili )
