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2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




                                    2012 M&A, Private Equity,
                                    and Capital Markets Update
                                    May 2012
                                    Jacksonville




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  klklklklklkl                                                                               1
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2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E


                           Martin G. Burkett, Shareholder
                           Co-Chair, Mergers & Acquisitions and Private Equity Practice
                           Akerman

                           Martin Burkett serves as Co-Chair of Akerman's Mergers & Acquisitions and Private Equity Practice. Martin
                           represents public and private companies and private equity funds in a variety of corporate transactions, with
                           a particular focus on mergers and acquisitions. Martin's practice also includes structuring and negotiating
                           complex business transactions, mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, going private
                           transactions, venture and growth capital investments, debt and equity financings, and securities offerings.
                           He regularly represents portfolio companies of private equity clients and other companies with respect to all
                           of their corporate transactions, and effectively serves as their outside general counsel. Martin regularly
                           represents investors and companies in a broad variety of distressed corporate situations, including
                           distressed acquisitions.




                           Michael B. Hand, Managing Director
                           PNC RiverArch Capital

                           Michael is a co-founder and Managing Director of PNC Riverarch Capital, a middle-market private equity
                           group that invests in privately-held companies headquartered throughout North America. Prior to
                           establishing PNC Riverarch Capital, he worked at PNC Equity Partners. Previously, Michael was in the
                           Investment Banking group at Raymond James & Associates, where he focused on mergers and acquisitions
                           and private placements. While at business school, he worked at J.F. Lehman & Company. Michael received a
                           bachelor of arts with highest honors in Economics from the University of Florida, where he was ranked first in
                           his class. He received his M.B.A. from Columbia Business School, where he was the David Gill Memorial
                           Fellow and graduated with Beta Gamma Sigma honors. He is a director of APEX Analytix, Environmental
                           Express, and New Carbon and was previously a director of Oracle Elevator Company and Revolution.




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2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E


                         Carl D. Roston, Shareholder
                         Co-Chair, Mergers & Acquisitions and Private Equity Practice
                         Akerman

                         Carl Roston represents private equity funds and public and private companies in a variety of domestic and
                         cross-border M&A, corporate, and securities transactions. He serves as co-chair of the Akerman M&A and
                         Private Equity Practice, co-leading the team that is recognized nationally by U.S. News - Best Lawyers for
                         its work in Private Equity Law and by Chambers USA as #1 for Corporate/M&A & Private Equity in Florida.
                         Carl concentrates his practice on structuring and negotiating complex business transactions, including
                         mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, going private transactions, venture and
                         growth capital investments, debt and equity financings, and securities offerings. He regularly represents
                         portfolio companies of private equity clients and other companies with respect to all of their corporate
                         transactions, and effectively serves as their outside general counsel. Carl regularly represents investors and
                         companies in a broad variety of distressed corporate situations, including distressed acquisitions.




                          Larissa Rozycki, Associate
                          Harris Williams & Co.

                          Larissa Rozycki serves as an Associate in the Business Development Group for Harris Williams & Co. Prior to
                          joining Harris Williams & Co., Larissa served as an Investment Banking Associate with Dresner Partners as
                          well as an Investment Banking Analyst with KeyBanc Capital Markets, where she provided transaction
                          advisory and valuation services for both publicly traded and privately held middle market companies. In
                          addition, through her transaction experience, Larissa has advised on independent valuations, restructuring
                          assignments, and fairness opinions. Larissa’s transaction advisory experience covers a broad range of
                          industries including metals, building products, construction & engineering, infrastructure, healthcare, and
                          consumer products. Larissa holds a B.A. in economics from the University of Michigan.




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2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E


                           Scott Stiegler, Senior Vice President of Corporate Finance
                           Fidelity National Information Services

                           Scott Stiegler is Senior Vice President of Corporate Finance for FIS. Scott has responsibility for all merger
                           and acquisition activities and strategic initiatives for FIS. He directs FIS' efforts to identify companies and
                           opportunities that can leverage the company's core expertise in various industries and that offer the
                           potential to maximize value for the shareholders of FIS and its operating subsidiaries.
                           Scott's responsibilities include evaluating, structuring and negotiating corporate acquisition transactions,
                           developing strategic partnerships and identifying investment opportunities for FIS and its operating
                           subsidiaries. Scott spends a considerable amount of time outside the U.S. working with other business
                           leaders who are looking to interact with FIS as a proven global provider of technology and services. Before
                           joining FIS, Scott was a Managing Director at the investment banking firm of Stephens Inc. Scott began his
                           career at Arthur Andersen in the audit division and is a CPA. Scott earned a bachelor's degree in business
                           administration from the University of Michigan and a master's degree in business administration from the
                           Darden School at the University of Virginia.




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2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
 While the level of U.S. M&A activity has
 decreased since the 2007 peak, overall the                            Announced M&A Middle Market Transaction Activity
 number and value of U.S. M&A transactions
 were at a post financial crisis high in 2011                 $2,500                                                       15,000
 with transaction levels slightly higher than
 2010. Key drivers of this year-over-year
                                                                                                                           12,500
 increase included, among other things,                       $2,000
 stabilized and continued (albeit tepid)




                                                                                                                                    Number of Transactions
 growth of the economy, improvement of the                                                                                 10,000
 equity markets, a rebound in leverage for                    $1,500




                                                 Deal Value
 quality credits, improved valuations, the                                                                                 7,500
 pent-up supply of sellers, record cash on
 the balance sheets of strategic buyers and                   $1,000
 hundreds of billions of dollars of dry powder                                                                             5,000
 raised by financial buyers which has not
 been deployed. However, transaction                           $500
                                                                                                                           2,500
 activity slowed markedly during the second
 half of 2011.
                                                                 $0                                                        0



                                                                                     Deal Value   Number of Transactions




                                                                                                                                         5
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
                                                    Announced Quarterly M&A Middle Market Transaction Activity
 The number and value of U.S. M&A       For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2008 – 2012
                                        4,000
 transactions continually decreased
 in the second half of 2011 and first   3,500

 quarter of 2012 as compared to         3,000
 early 2011. Macro uncertainties        2,500
 (including the European debt crisis    2,000
 and tax and policy uncertainties)      1,500
 set the stage for this decline.        1,000
 However, many market participants       500
 expect deal activity to improve           0
 throughout the remainder of 2012                 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
 due in large part to improving                  2008 2008 2008 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2012
 economic conditions, increasingly               Undisclosed   Under $100mm      $100-$250mm      $250-$500mm      Above $500mm
 accommodative credit markets and
 the record amount of cash                          Announced Quarterly M&A Middle Market Transaction Volume
 available to financial and strategic   For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2008 – 2012
 buyers to pursue acquisitions.         $450
                                        $400
                                        $350
                                        $300
                                        $250
                                        $200
                                        $150
                                        $100
                                         $50
                                          $0
                                                 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
                                                2008 2008 2008 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2012

                                                        Under $100mm     $100-$250mm       $250-$500mm      Above $500mm
                                                                                                                                        6
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
 Aggregate 2011 Florida transaction                                                     Florida M&A Trends (Acquisition Targets Only)
 volume and value followed the national
 trend, with 2011 seeing marginally higher     For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2005 – 2012
 activity levels than 2010. Florida                                         $28                                                                               300
 transaction value and volume contracted
 more sharply during the first quarter of                                   $24                                                                               250




                                               Deal Value ($ in billions)
 2012 than was the case nationally.




                                                                                                                                                                    Number of Transactions
                                                                            $20
                                                                                                                                                              200
                                                                            $16
                                                                                                                                                              150
                                                                            $12
                                                                                                                                                              100
                                                                             $8

                                                                             $4                                                                               50


                                                                             $0                                                                               0
                                                                                  Q1 2005   Q1 2006   Q1 2007   Q1 2008   Q1 2009   Q1 2010   Q1 2011   Q1 2012


                                                                                             Total Disclosed Deal Value             # of Transactions
                                                        Source: Thomson SDC, CapitalIQ.




                                                                                                                                                                                             7
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
                                                                                                            U.S. Private Equity Deal Flow by Year
 U.S. private equity investment in 2011       For Years Ended December 31, 2001 – 2011
 declined as the year progressed.                                                      $900                                                                                     3,500
 Private equity activity faced the same                                                $800




                                               Capital Invested ($ in billions)
                                                                                                                                                                                3,000
 headwinds during recent quarters as




                                                                                                                                                                                          Number of Deals Closed
                                                                                       $700
 did the broader M&A market. First                                                                                                                                              2,500
                                                                                       $600
 quarter 2012 private equity                                                           $500                                                                                     2,000
 investment activity contracted more                                                   $400                                                                                     1,500
 severely than did investment activity                                                 $300
                                                                                                                                                                                1,000
 by strategic buyers. Nonetheless,                                                     $200
 many market participants expect a                                                     $100
                                                                                                                                                                                500

 rebound as 2012 continues.                                                                  $0                                                                                 0
                                                                                                   2002   2003   2004     2005     2006    2007   2008   2009     2010   2011

                                                                                                                        Total Capital Invested      Deal Count


                                                                                                          U.S. Private Equity Deal Flow by Quarter
                                              For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2007 – 2012
                                                                                            $300                                                                                    900
                                                         Capital Invested ($ in billions)




                                                                                                                                                                                    800




                                                                                                                                                                                          Number of Deals Closed
                                                                                            $250
                                                                                                                                                                                    700
                                                                                            $200                                                                                    600
                                                                                                                                                                                    500
                                                                                            $150
                                                                                                                                                                                    400
                                                                                            $100                                                                                    300
                                                                                                                                                                                    200
                                                                                            $50
                                                                                                                                                                                    100
                                                                                             $0                                                                                     0



                                                                                                                        Total Capital Invested       Deal Count
                                               Source: Pitchbook.                                                                                                                                                  8
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
                                                                      Median EBITDA Multiples by Transaction Size
 EBITDA multiples during the first quarter    For Years Ended December 31, 2000 – 2011
 of 2012 recovered and returned to pre-       12.0x
                                                                                                                                                                                                10.8x
 financial crisis levels. As with 2011, the                                                                                           10.2x                                                   10.1x
                                                                                                                                                  9.8x
 premium for larger and higher quality        10.0x                                                                                 8.9x
                                                                                                                                          9.7x
                                                                                                                                                      9.1x                           9.1x          9.0x
                                                                                                                  8.8x      8.8x 8.7x          8.6x                       8.8x
                                                                                                               8.3x 8.4x 8.4x 8.4x                                     8.4x 8.5x         8.4x
 companies continued. Private equity           8.0x         7.0x                             7.3x
                                                                                                       7.9x 7.8x
                                                                                                    7.2x 7.3x          7.6x
                                                                                                                                                               8.0x
                                                                                                                                                                  7.7x
                                                                                                                                                                                  8.0x
                                                         7.0x                             7.0x 7.1x
                                                                                                  7.1x                                                               7.3x
                                                                               7.1x                                                                                                         6.9x
 buyout multiples increased in 2011                   6.5x             6.7x
                                                               6.7x 6.6x
                                                                  6.2x       6.1x
                                                                                  7.0x 6.8x
                                                                                     6.6x
                                                                                                                                             6.9x
                                                                                                                                                                               6.3x
                                                                          6.0x
 compared to 2010, which increase is           6.0x
 partially attributable to the increase in
                                               4.0x
 the proportion of deals valued at over
 $500 million.                                 2.0x
                                                                                                                                                             N/A
                                               0.0x
                                                       2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q112
                                                                <$250MM $250MM - $499MM >$500MM Total

                                                      Private Equity Buyout Purchase Price Multiples (EV / EBITDA)
                                              For the Years Ended December 31, 2002 – 2011
                                              10.0x                                 9.0    8.8                                                9.5                                         9.1
                                                                             8.2
                                                                      7.6                                                                                                  7.3
                                               8.0x            6.9                         1.2
                                                                                    3.1                                                                            6.5                    2.8
                                                        5.9                                                                                   5.0
                                                                      2.3    3.2
                                               6.0x                                                                                                                        2.7
                                                               2.9
                                                        2.1                                                                                                  3.2
                                               4.0x                                        7.6
                                                                                    5.9                                                                                                   6.2
                                                                      5.3    5.0                                                              4.4                          4.6
                                               2.0x     3.8    4.0                                                                                           3.3
                                               0.0x
                                                          2002         2003          2004          2005          2006          2007          2008            2009         2010          2011

                                                            Debt / EBITDA                          Equity / EBITDA                            Total Deal Size / EBITDA
                                               Source: Standard & Poor’s.                                                                                                                                 9
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
                                                              Average Debt Multiples of Middle Market LBO Loans
                                              For Years Ended December 31, 1997 – 2011 and 1Q 2012
 Leverage levels for LBOs have
                                              6.0x                                                                        5.6x
 remained reasonably consistent
                                                      4.9x                                                         4.7x
 following the 2009 low. During the           5.0x           4.8x
                                                                    4.1x                               4.3x 4.7x                 4.5x
                                                                                                                                               4.2x 4.3x 4.1x
 first quarter of 2012, a trend has                                         4.0x          3.8x 3.8x
 emerged of senior lenders providing          4.0x                                 3.4x                                                 3.3x
 all of the financing in LBOs.                3.0x
 Consistent with historical trends,
 more leverage is available for larger        2.0x
 transactions.                                1.0x

                                              0.0x
                                                      1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q1
                                                                                                                                 12
                                                         FLD/EBITDA      SLD/EBITDA      Other Sr Debt/EBITDA   Sub Debt/EBITDA

                                                         Average Debt Multiples for Large Corporate LBO Loans
                                              For Years Ended December 31, 1997 – 2011 and 1Q 2012
                                               8.0x
                                                                                                                          6.2x
                                                       5.7x
                                               6.0x           5.4x                                            5.3x 5.4x                               5.2x
                                                                     4.8x                              4.9x                      4.9x          4.7x
                                                                                                4.5x                                                         4.5x
                                                                             4.2x 4.1x 4.0x                                             4.0x
                                               4.0x


                                               2.0x


                                               0.0x
                                                       1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q1
                                                                                                                                  12
                                                         FLD/EBITDA      SLD/EBITDA       Other Sr Debt/EBITDA    Sub Debt/EBITDA    10
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
                                                                            Equity Contribution
 As debt markets have recovered,              For Years Ended December 31, 2001 – 2011 and Q1 2012
 the proportion of equity contributed         50%
 to LBOs showed some signs of                  45%
 returning towards pre-recession
 levels.                                       40%
                                               35%
                                               30%
                                               25%
                                               20%
                                               15%
                                                     2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q1 12
                                                                    >$50MM EBITDA                <$50MMEBITDA

                                                     Equity & Debt Contributions for Middle Market Transactions
                                              For Years Ended December 31, 2001 – 2011
                                              100%

                                                        33.4%     35.5%
                                               80%                           43.4%       47.9%       43.1%       40.4%   43.8%

                                               60%      11.8%     7.9%                                           4.4%
                                                                             10.7%                   6.1%                5.6%
                                                                                         11.3%
                                               40%
                                                        54.9%     56.5%                              50.9%       55.2%   50.6%
                                               20%                           45.9%       40.8%


                                                0%
                                                        2006      2007       2008        2009        2010        2011    1Q12
                                                                          Senior Debt     Sub Debt      Equity
                                                                                                                                 11
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
 At the end of 2011, private equity                                    Capital Overhang of U.S. PE Investors by Vintage Year 1
 funds were sitting on $424 billion of
                                          For Years Ended December 31, 2006 – 2011
 dry powder. As this capital must be
                                          ($ in billions)
 deployed or not called, it will likely
 drive LBO activity levels in upcoming                     $180                                                                                    $424 Billion                  $700
 years.                                                                                                                                          in “Dry Powder”
                                                           $160
                                                                                                                                                                                 $600
                                                                                                          $576              $560
                                                           $140                        $530
                                                                                                                                                                                 $500




                                                                                                                                                                                        Cumulative Overhang
                                                           $120                                                                                  $477
                                                                      $436
                                          Capital Raised
                                                                                                                                                                $424
                                                           $100                                                                                                                  $400

                                                            $80                                                                                                                  $300
                                                            $60
                                                                                                                                                                                 $200
                                                            $40
                                                                                                                                                                                 $100
                                                            $20

                                                             $0                                                                                                                  $0
                                                                      2006              2007              2008               2009              2010              2011

                                                                     Cumulative Overhang                        Under $100M                                 $100M - $250M
                                                                     $250M - $500M                              $500M - $1B                                 $1B - $5B

                                                     (1) Estimated buying power calculated as the cumulative overhang divided by the three-year average equity contribution to LBO
                                                     transactions.
                                                     Source: Pitchbook.




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2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
                                                                    S&P 500 – Aggregate Corporate Cash Balances
 Corporate cash reserves built up             For Years Ended December 31, 2000 – 2010, and September 30, 2011
 during and since the economic                $1,800
 downturn are driving increased               $1,600
 corporate appetite for M&A. U.S.             $1,400
 corporate cash balances as a                 $1,200
 percentage of total enterprise               $1,000
 value remain near record levels                $800
                                                $600
 and are driving interest in strategic
                                                $400
 M&A, especially for firms which                $200
 need to grow via acquisitions to                 $0
 deliver above-market growth to                         2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010            3Q
 investors.                                                                                                              2011

                                                                         S&P 500 – Debt and Earnings Levels
                                               For Years Ended December 31, 2000 – 2010, and September 30, 2011
                                              2.5x                                                                        $6.00
                                                                                                                          $5.00
                                              2.0x
                                                                                                                          $4.00
                                              1.5x                                                                        $3.00
                                              1.0x                                                                        $2.00
                                                                                                                          $1.00
                                              0.5x
                                                                                                                          $0.00
                                              0.0x                                                                        ($1.00)
                                                      2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010       3Q
                                                                                                                  2011
                                                                                Net Debt / EBITDA   EPS

                                               Source: CapitalIQ.                                                               13
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




I. Current Market Conditions
                                                                                                      U.S. Private Equity Fundraising by Year
                                                   For Years Ended December 31, 2001 – 2011
 Private equity fundraising stabilized in




                                                        Capital Raised ($ in billions)
                                                                                         $350                                                            350
 2011 compared to 2010, albeit at a
 fraction of 2007 levels. While the first                                                $300                                                            300
 quarter of 2012 showed an increase in




                                                                                                                                                               Funds Closed
                                                                                         $250                                                            250
 capital raised, it was raised by a
                                                                                         $200                                                            200
 smaller number of funds. Fundraising
 continues to take much longer. It is                                                    $150                                                            150
 increasingly difficult for private equity                                               $100                                                            100
 firms to raise capital without a history                                                 $50                                                            50
 of superior returns to investors.
                                                                                           $0                                                            0
                                                                                                2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
                                                                                                             Capital Raised     Funds Closed

                                                                                                     U.S. Private Equity Fundraising by Quarter
                                                   For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2008 – 2012
                                                     $120                                                                                                140
                                              Capital Raised ($ in billions)




                                                                               $100                                                                      120




                                                                                                                                                               Funds Closed
                                                                                                                                                         100
                                                                                         $80
                                                                                                                                                         80
                                                                                         $60
                                                                                                                                                         60
                                                                                         $40
                                                                                                                                                         40
                                                                                         $20                                                             20
                                                                                          $0                                                             0


                                                                                                            Capital Raised     Funds Closed
                                                                     Source: Pitchbook.                                                                                  14
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
        A. Structure

  In transactions involving private
  targets, there is an increased use
  of alternative financing structures,
  including seller notes (in low-yield
  environments, some sellers are
  less averse to high-coupon
  alternatives to mezzanine
  financing), equity rollovers and
  earnouts (tax and implied
  covenants to maximize earnouts
  are a focus).




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2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
       B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and
          Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today
                              i. MAC Conditions

 The extent to which a target’s
 representations and warranties must be
 accurate (e.g., in all respects, in all material
 respects or to an MAE standard) continues
 to be a focus of attention during
 negotiations. MAE or materiality qualifiers
 continue to be included in the vast majority
 of acquisition agreements. Under Delaware
 case law, MAE provisions have become
 extremely difficult to enforce.




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II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
      B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and
         Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today
                            i. MAC Conditions

  It is still common in private transactions for
  the capitalization representation to be
  carved out.




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II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
      B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and
         Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today
                          i. MAC Conditions
  Less than 40% of private deals require or permit the target to update the disclosure
  schedules and only 66% of agreements require a target to expressly notify a buyer of
  a breach. There continues to be an emphasis on these provisions as they dictate the
  allocation of risk between signing and closing.




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2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




   II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
         B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and
            Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today
                              ii. Seller Remedies
Target remedies for buyer breaches and the failure of the financing
condition generally evolved into five categories:
(i) “Specific performance” provides the target company with a
remedy to enforce all of buyer’s obligations under all circumstances;
(ii) A “pure option” reverse break-up fee (“RBF”) is payable by the
buyer as the exclusive remedy if the buyer’s breach (for any reason)
is the cause of the transaction not closing (with specific
performance not available as a remedy);
(iii) A “RBF for financing failure” serves as a cap on damages for
some or all breaches, yet (with few exceptions) the target retains
some form of specific performance remedy;
(iv) With a “two-tier RBF” the buyer pays a lower RBF for non willful
breaches or financing failure (or both) and a higher fee for willful
breaches or when financing is available;
(v) With “damages only” the buyer is not subject to specific
performance but does not pay a RBF; damages are uncapped.




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 II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
       B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and
          Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today
                             ii. Seller Remedies

Targets are increasingly focused on certainty of closing and are less
willing to agree to financing conditions. Buyers remain reticent to agree
to specific performance as a remedy if unable to obtain financing or
unwilling/unable to close. RBFs bridge the gap by providing targets
meaningful remedies and buyers certainty of maximum exposure.
Specific performance continues to be the prevalent remedy across all
transactions. However, in debt-financed transactions, financial buyers
rarely agree to the specific performance remedy and are insistent on a
Pure Option RBF, a Financing Failure RBF or Two-tier RBF as the
exclusive remedy. While this data is in the context of public company
targets, the rationale is applicable for private company targets as well.
In transactions in which the buyer is a shell company owned by a
financial sponsor, guarantees or equity commitment letters from the
financial sponsor remain common.




                                                                                           20
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
      B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and
         Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today
                           ii. Seller Remedies

During 2011, RBFs for public company targets were
in the range of 2% to 10% of enterprise value of the
target. Half of deals with absolute cap RBFs are 5%
or higher while 68% of deals with a cap for willful
breach have RBFs of 5% or higher. Only 24% of
deals with a cap for non-willful breach have RBFs of
5% or higher. These amounts are transaction
specific and tend to be in greater ranges than
traditional break-up fees.




                                                                                           21
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
                C. Post-Closing Purchase Price Adjustments
The prevalence of post-closing purchase price
adjustments continues to grow, especially in the
context of private company acquisitions. These
adjustments are used to make certain that the
target is delivered to the buyer with a
predetermined financial condition to avoid having
the effective purchase price vary from the one
that is negotiated. As such, these provisions are
heavily negotiated and are ripe for post-closing
disputes and litigation. Precise language in these
provisions, particularly with respect to the
measurement of balance sheet items, is required.




                                                                                           22
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
               D. Key Indemnity Terms
                          i. Generally
Indemnification terms continue to be the focus of a substantial amount of time and energy
in negotiations. Not surprisingly, indemnification terms became generally more target
friendly during the M&A boom and during the crisis leverage shifted somewhat to buyers.
As markets have normalized, the newly-gained leverage of buyers has dissipated
somewhat. The following is a summary of some of the more important indemnity features.




                                                                                            23
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
                D. Key Indemnity Terms
                           ii. Survival Period

In 2011, survival periods for private
company targets continued to be generally
in the 12 to 18 month range. The most
frequent carve-outs continue to be for taxes,
ownership of shares and assets,
capitalization, due organization and
authority, broker’s fees, no conflicts,
covenants and fraud. It is also not
uncommon for representations regarding
ERISA and environmental matters to be
carved-out of the survival period or
subjected to a longer survival period.




                                                                                           24
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
                 D. Key Indemnity Terms
                             iii. Baskets
Baskets for breaches by private company
targets are most commonly under one
percent of transaction value. Deductible
baskets continue to be marginally more
common than first dollar baskets. The most
frequent carve-outs continue to be for
representations regarding taxes, ownership
of shares and assets, capitalization, due
organization and authority, ERISA,
environmental, broker’s fees, and for fraud.
Surprisingly, breaches of covenants are
subject to baskets in a significant minority of
transactions. Eligible claim thresholds (i.e.,
“mini-baskets”) are also appearing in a
significant minority of transactions.




                                                                                           25
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




 II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
                D. Key Indemnity Terms
                            iv. Caps
Indemnity caps for breaches continue to be
found in the vast majority of transactions
involving private company targets. Most
frequently, caps are less than 10% of
enterprise value, although higher caps are not
uncommon. Carve outs for caps continue to
be the topic of extensive negotiations, with the
most frequent carve-outs being for
representations regarding taxes, ownership of
shares and assets, capitalization, due
organization and authority, ERISA,
environmental and broker's fees.




                                                                                           26
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
                D. Key Indemnity Terms
                            v. Exclusive Remedy
In the vast majority of transactions involving
private company targets, indemnification
continues to be the exclusive remedy for
breaches. The most common carve-outs are
for fraud and intentional misrepresentations.
Surprisingly, carve-outs for equitable
remedies and breaches of covenants only
appear in a minority of transactions.




                                                                                           27
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
               D. Key Indemnity Terms
                           vi. Escrows and Holdbacks
Mean and median escrows and holdbacks in transactions involving private company targets continue to
average approximately 10% of enterprise value, with the vast majority falling in the 5% to 15% range. Not
surprisingly, smaller transactions generally have a larger percentage of consideration placed in escrow.




                                                                                                            28
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
                D. Key Indemnity Terms
                            vii. Sandbagging

Anti-sandbagging provisions for the benefit
of private company targets remain the
exception rather than the norm. Pro-
sandbagging provisions are included in a                                        • Slide 76
substantial minority of transactions, while
more than half of transactions are silent on
this point. There is conflicting case law
among the states where the operative
documents are silent with respect to
sandbagging.




                                                                                             29
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
                D. Key Indemnity Terms
                            viii. Types of Damages
Of the transactions surveyed, none of the
private targets were successful in limiting
indemnification solely to out of pocket
damages. While a majority of transactions
are silent as to whether damages may
include a diminution of value, in 13% of
transactions diminution in value is expressly
included as a permitted type of damages,
while in 17% of transactions it is expressly
excluded. In a substantial minority of
transactions other types of damages are
expressly included (e.g., consequential and
incidental).




                                                                                           30
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
               E. Key Escrow Terms

 The percentage of purchase price
 placed in escrow averages
 approximately 9%, with
 approximately 60% of escrow
 amounts falling in the range of 5%
 to 15% of the purchase price.




                                                                                           31
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
               E. Key Escrow Terms
Escrow agreements provide that escrowed
funds are scheduled to stay in escrow
pending final disbursement to the seller for
an average of 19 months. The shortest
escrow duration identified was 3 months
while the longest was 84 months.
According to J.P. Morgan, 86% of escrow
agreements specify a termination date (the
most prevalent being 18 months) and 28%
provide for at least one scheduled
disbursement to the seller prior to the final
disbursement. In deals with scheduled
disbursements, the average expected
duration of escrow jumps from 19 months
to 25 months.




                                                                                           32
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




II. What’s Market in Legal Trends
               E. Key Escrow Terms
 Purchase price, working capital
 adjustments, taxes and financial
 statements continue to account for the
 majority of all claims.




                                                                                           33
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




About Akerman
       Akerman is ranked among the top 100 law firms in the United States by The National Law
       Journal NLJ 250 (2012) in number of lawyers and is the leading Florida firm. With 500 lawyers
       and government affairs professionals, Akerman serves clients throughout the United States and
       overseas from Florida, New York, Washington, D.C., California, Virginia, Colorado, Nevada,
       Utah and Texas. We have been recognized by U.S. News - Best Lawyers, Corporate Counsel
       magazine, PLC Which Lawyer?, The Legal 500, Chambers USA, and other industry publications
       for numerous practice areas.



About PNC
       PNC is recognized as one of the country’s best-performing financial institutions. We are
       distinguished by our proven business model and a culture built on bringing value to customers
       through relationship banking and innovative products and solutions that help them achieve their
       goals. Our franchise continues to grow, with a banking footprint that will soon cover nearly half
       of the U.S. population. The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (www.pnc.com) is one of the
       nation's largest diversified financial services organizations providing retail and business
       banking; residential mortgage banking; specialized services for corporations and government
       entities, including corporate banking, real estate finance and asset-based lending; wealth
       management and asset management.




                                                                                                           34
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




About Akerman’s M&A and Private
Equity Practice
           •   U.S. News - Best Lawyers: Recognized in the National Corporate, Mergers &
               Acquisitions and Securities/Capital Markets Law categories in the U.S.

           •   Chambers USA: #1 Corporate practice in Florida; recognized as market leader since
               2003 for Mergers & Acquisitions and Private Equity in Florida

           •   The Legal 500: Ranked as one of the leading Mergers, Acquisitions and Buyouts law
               firms for Middle-Market in the U.S.

           •   Corporate Counsel magazine: “Go To” law firm for corporate transactions/M&A

           •   Core group comprised of corporate, securities, tax, finance, benefits, creditors’ rights,
               intellectual property, information technology, real estate, litigation and regulatory lawyers

           •   Focus on middle-market transactions, including LBOs, take private transactions, growth
               equity investments, recapitalizations, distressed debt and other distressed investments,
               and exits through private sales, SPACs, and IPOs




                                                                                                               35
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




Why PNC for Corporate Banking?
           •   Proven success with more than 36,000 corporate and institutional clients

           •   #1 in Overall Customer Satisfaction (Greenwich Associates' Large Corporate Treasury
               Management Study 2009-2011)

           •   2011 Greenwich Award Winner in Financial Stability, Investment Banking, International
               Services, Accuracy of Operations(TM) and Overall Satisfaction (including TM) in the Northeast.
               (2011 Greenwich Excellence Awards for Middle Market Banking)

           •   The #2 lead arranger of middle market syndication transactions in U.S and #1 in the Northeast
               based on number of deals (2011 Loan Pricing Corporation)

           •   PNC Business Credit is a top 5 bank-owned senior secured lender

           •   PNC Equipment Finance is one of the nation’s leading bank-owned equipment finance
               companies with $8B in original equipment costs under management

           •   PNC Aviation Finance is a premier senior secured corporate aircraft finance provider
               across the country

           •   PNC Real Estate is a top-tier capital provider to the real estate industry that has more than $29
               billion of outstanding loans (2010)




                                                                                                                   36
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




Harris Williams & Co. Overview
           •   Advisor on over 550 closed middle market M&A transactions

           •   Best-in-class execution for middle market M&A

           •   Over 10,000 conversations with buyers and lenders each year

           •   Unparalleled retention of senior professionals

           •   Proven global execution capabilities

           •   Closed more than 90 transactions in the last 18 months

           •   Harris Williams & Co. continues to be the most active middle market advisor

           •   Our middle market M&A focus, combined with our process and execution expertise,
               consistently generates superior outcomes for our clients

           •   Unparalleled closed transaction experience of ~90%




                                                                                                 37
2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E




Disclaimer
 In preparing this presentation, Akerman Senterfitt has relied upon and assumed, without independent verification, the accuracy and
 completeness of all information available from public sources or which was provided to Akerman Senterfitt. This presentation is for discussion
 purposes only and is incomplete without reference to, and should be viewed solely in conjunction with advice of Akerman Senterfitt with respect
 to the particular facts and circumstances of a particular transaction. The information in this presentation should be used as a baseline for
 discussion in the proper context, and may not be used in the context of any transaction in which Akerman Senterfitt has been engaged as
 counsel. This presentation and the views expressed herein may not be used without the prior written consent of Akerman Senterfitt. Akerman
 Senterfitt makes no representations as to the legal, regulatory, tax or other implications of the matters referred to in this presentation.
 Notwithstanding anything in this presentation to the contrary, the statements in this presentation are not intended to be legally binding. Neither
 Akerman Senterfitt nor any of its directors, officers, employees or agents shall incur any responsibility or liability whatsoever in respect of the
 contents of this presentation or any matters referred to herein. Due to space constraints the views expressed herein and contents hereof are by
 necessity incomplete.




                                                                                                                                                       38

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2012 M&amp;A And Private Equity Update

  • 1. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E 2012 M&A, Private Equity, and Capital Markets Update May 2012 Jacksonville lklklklklklkl klklklklklkl klklklklklkl 1 kl
  • 2. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E Martin G. Burkett, Shareholder Co-Chair, Mergers & Acquisitions and Private Equity Practice Akerman Martin Burkett serves as Co-Chair of Akerman's Mergers & Acquisitions and Private Equity Practice. Martin represents public and private companies and private equity funds in a variety of corporate transactions, with a particular focus on mergers and acquisitions. Martin's practice also includes structuring and negotiating complex business transactions, mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, going private transactions, venture and growth capital investments, debt and equity financings, and securities offerings. He regularly represents portfolio companies of private equity clients and other companies with respect to all of their corporate transactions, and effectively serves as their outside general counsel. Martin regularly represents investors and companies in a broad variety of distressed corporate situations, including distressed acquisitions. Michael B. Hand, Managing Director PNC RiverArch Capital Michael is a co-founder and Managing Director of PNC Riverarch Capital, a middle-market private equity group that invests in privately-held companies headquartered throughout North America. Prior to establishing PNC Riverarch Capital, he worked at PNC Equity Partners. Previously, Michael was in the Investment Banking group at Raymond James & Associates, where he focused on mergers and acquisitions and private placements. While at business school, he worked at J.F. Lehman & Company. Michael received a bachelor of arts with highest honors in Economics from the University of Florida, where he was ranked first in his class. He received his M.B.A. from Columbia Business School, where he was the David Gill Memorial Fellow and graduated with Beta Gamma Sigma honors. He is a director of APEX Analytix, Environmental Express, and New Carbon and was previously a director of Oracle Elevator Company and Revolution. 2
  • 3. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E Carl D. Roston, Shareholder Co-Chair, Mergers & Acquisitions and Private Equity Practice Akerman Carl Roston represents private equity funds and public and private companies in a variety of domestic and cross-border M&A, corporate, and securities transactions. He serves as co-chair of the Akerman M&A and Private Equity Practice, co-leading the team that is recognized nationally by U.S. News - Best Lawyers for its work in Private Equity Law and by Chambers USA as #1 for Corporate/M&A & Private Equity in Florida. Carl concentrates his practice on structuring and negotiating complex business transactions, including mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, going private transactions, venture and growth capital investments, debt and equity financings, and securities offerings. He regularly represents portfolio companies of private equity clients and other companies with respect to all of their corporate transactions, and effectively serves as their outside general counsel. Carl regularly represents investors and companies in a broad variety of distressed corporate situations, including distressed acquisitions. Larissa Rozycki, Associate Harris Williams & Co. Larissa Rozycki serves as an Associate in the Business Development Group for Harris Williams & Co. Prior to joining Harris Williams & Co., Larissa served as an Investment Banking Associate with Dresner Partners as well as an Investment Banking Analyst with KeyBanc Capital Markets, where she provided transaction advisory and valuation services for both publicly traded and privately held middle market companies. In addition, through her transaction experience, Larissa has advised on independent valuations, restructuring assignments, and fairness opinions. Larissa’s transaction advisory experience covers a broad range of industries including metals, building products, construction & engineering, infrastructure, healthcare, and consumer products. Larissa holds a B.A. in economics from the University of Michigan. 3
  • 4. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E Scott Stiegler, Senior Vice President of Corporate Finance Fidelity National Information Services Scott Stiegler is Senior Vice President of Corporate Finance for FIS. Scott has responsibility for all merger and acquisition activities and strategic initiatives for FIS. He directs FIS' efforts to identify companies and opportunities that can leverage the company's core expertise in various industries and that offer the potential to maximize value for the shareholders of FIS and its operating subsidiaries. Scott's responsibilities include evaluating, structuring and negotiating corporate acquisition transactions, developing strategic partnerships and identifying investment opportunities for FIS and its operating subsidiaries. Scott spends a considerable amount of time outside the U.S. working with other business leaders who are looking to interact with FIS as a proven global provider of technology and services. Before joining FIS, Scott was a Managing Director at the investment banking firm of Stephens Inc. Scott began his career at Arthur Andersen in the audit division and is a CPA. Scott earned a bachelor's degree in business administration from the University of Michigan and a master's degree in business administration from the Darden School at the University of Virginia. 4
  • 5. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions While the level of U.S. M&A activity has decreased since the 2007 peak, overall the Announced M&A Middle Market Transaction Activity number and value of U.S. M&A transactions were at a post financial crisis high in 2011 $2,500 15,000 with transaction levels slightly higher than 2010. Key drivers of this year-over-year 12,500 increase included, among other things, $2,000 stabilized and continued (albeit tepid) Number of Transactions growth of the economy, improvement of the 10,000 equity markets, a rebound in leverage for $1,500 Deal Value quality credits, improved valuations, the 7,500 pent-up supply of sellers, record cash on the balance sheets of strategic buyers and $1,000 hundreds of billions of dollars of dry powder 5,000 raised by financial buyers which has not been deployed. However, transaction $500 2,500 activity slowed markedly during the second half of 2011. $0 0 Deal Value Number of Transactions 5
  • 6. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions Announced Quarterly M&A Middle Market Transaction Activity The number and value of U.S. M&A For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2008 – 2012 4,000 transactions continually decreased in the second half of 2011 and first 3,500 quarter of 2012 as compared to 3,000 early 2011. Macro uncertainties 2,500 (including the European debt crisis 2,000 and tax and policy uncertainties) 1,500 set the stage for this decline. 1,000 However, many market participants 500 expect deal activity to improve 0 throughout the remainder of 2012 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 due in large part to improving 2008 2008 2008 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2012 economic conditions, increasingly Undisclosed Under $100mm $100-$250mm $250-$500mm Above $500mm accommodative credit markets and the record amount of cash Announced Quarterly M&A Middle Market Transaction Volume available to financial and strategic For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2008 – 2012 buyers to pursue acquisitions. $450 $400 $350 $300 $250 $200 $150 $100 $50 $0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 2008 2008 2008 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2012 Under $100mm $100-$250mm $250-$500mm Above $500mm 6
  • 7. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions Aggregate 2011 Florida transaction Florida M&A Trends (Acquisition Targets Only) volume and value followed the national trend, with 2011 seeing marginally higher For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2005 – 2012 activity levels than 2010. Florida $28 300 transaction value and volume contracted more sharply during the first quarter of $24 250 Deal Value ($ in billions) 2012 than was the case nationally. Number of Transactions $20 200 $16 150 $12 100 $8 $4 50 $0 0 Q1 2005 Q1 2006 Q1 2007 Q1 2008 Q1 2009 Q1 2010 Q1 2011 Q1 2012 Total Disclosed Deal Value # of Transactions Source: Thomson SDC, CapitalIQ. 7
  • 8. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions U.S. Private Equity Deal Flow by Year U.S. private equity investment in 2011 For Years Ended December 31, 2001 – 2011 declined as the year progressed. $900 3,500 Private equity activity faced the same $800 Capital Invested ($ in billions) 3,000 headwinds during recent quarters as Number of Deals Closed $700 did the broader M&A market. First 2,500 $600 quarter 2012 private equity $500 2,000 investment activity contracted more $400 1,500 severely than did investment activity $300 1,000 by strategic buyers. Nonetheless, $200 many market participants expect a $100 500 rebound as 2012 continues. $0 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total Capital Invested Deal Count U.S. Private Equity Deal Flow by Quarter For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2007 – 2012 $300 900 Capital Invested ($ in billions) 800 Number of Deals Closed $250 700 $200 600 500 $150 400 $100 300 200 $50 100 $0 0 Total Capital Invested Deal Count Source: Pitchbook. 8
  • 9. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions Median EBITDA Multiples by Transaction Size EBITDA multiples during the first quarter For Years Ended December 31, 2000 – 2011 of 2012 recovered and returned to pre- 12.0x 10.8x financial crisis levels. As with 2011, the 10.2x 10.1x 9.8x premium for larger and higher quality 10.0x 8.9x 9.7x 9.1x 9.1x 9.0x 8.8x 8.8x 8.7x 8.6x 8.8x 8.3x 8.4x 8.4x 8.4x 8.4x 8.5x 8.4x companies continued. Private equity 8.0x 7.0x 7.3x 7.9x 7.8x 7.2x 7.3x 7.6x 8.0x 7.7x 8.0x 7.0x 7.0x 7.1x 7.1x 7.3x 7.1x 6.9x buyout multiples increased in 2011 6.5x 6.7x 6.7x 6.6x 6.2x 6.1x 7.0x 6.8x 6.6x 6.9x 6.3x 6.0x compared to 2010, which increase is 6.0x partially attributable to the increase in 4.0x the proportion of deals valued at over $500 million. 2.0x N/A 0.0x 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q112 <$250MM $250MM - $499MM >$500MM Total Private Equity Buyout Purchase Price Multiples (EV / EBITDA) For the Years Ended December 31, 2002 – 2011 10.0x 9.0 8.8 9.5 9.1 8.2 7.6 7.3 8.0x 6.9 1.2 3.1 6.5 2.8 5.9 5.0 2.3 3.2 6.0x 2.7 2.9 2.1 3.2 4.0x 7.6 5.9 6.2 5.3 5.0 4.4 4.6 2.0x 3.8 4.0 3.3 0.0x 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Debt / EBITDA Equity / EBITDA Total Deal Size / EBITDA Source: Standard & Poor’s. 9
  • 10. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions Average Debt Multiples of Middle Market LBO Loans For Years Ended December 31, 1997 – 2011 and 1Q 2012 Leverage levels for LBOs have 6.0x 5.6x remained reasonably consistent 4.9x 4.7x following the 2009 low. During the 5.0x 4.8x 4.1x 4.3x 4.7x 4.5x 4.2x 4.3x 4.1x first quarter of 2012, a trend has 4.0x 3.8x 3.8x emerged of senior lenders providing 4.0x 3.4x 3.3x all of the financing in LBOs. 3.0x Consistent with historical trends, more leverage is available for larger 2.0x transactions. 1.0x 0.0x 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q1 12 FLD/EBITDA SLD/EBITDA Other Sr Debt/EBITDA Sub Debt/EBITDA Average Debt Multiples for Large Corporate LBO Loans For Years Ended December 31, 1997 – 2011 and 1Q 2012 8.0x 6.2x 5.7x 6.0x 5.4x 5.3x 5.4x 5.2x 4.8x 4.9x 4.9x 4.7x 4.5x 4.5x 4.2x 4.1x 4.0x 4.0x 4.0x 2.0x 0.0x 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q1 12 FLD/EBITDA SLD/EBITDA Other Sr Debt/EBITDA Sub Debt/EBITDA 10
  • 11. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions Equity Contribution As debt markets have recovered, For Years Ended December 31, 2001 – 2011 and Q1 2012 the proportion of equity contributed 50% to LBOs showed some signs of 45% returning towards pre-recession levels. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q1 12 >$50MM EBITDA <$50MMEBITDA Equity & Debt Contributions for Middle Market Transactions For Years Ended December 31, 2001 – 2011 100% 33.4% 35.5% 80% 43.4% 47.9% 43.1% 40.4% 43.8% 60% 11.8% 7.9% 4.4% 10.7% 6.1% 5.6% 11.3% 40% 54.9% 56.5% 50.9% 55.2% 50.6% 20% 45.9% 40.8% 0% 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 1Q12 Senior Debt Sub Debt Equity 11
  • 12. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions At the end of 2011, private equity Capital Overhang of U.S. PE Investors by Vintage Year 1 funds were sitting on $424 billion of For Years Ended December 31, 2006 – 2011 dry powder. As this capital must be ($ in billions) deployed or not called, it will likely drive LBO activity levels in upcoming $180 $424 Billion $700 years. in “Dry Powder” $160 $600 $576 $560 $140 $530 $500 Cumulative Overhang $120 $477 $436 Capital Raised $424 $100 $400 $80 $300 $60 $200 $40 $100 $20 $0 $0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Cumulative Overhang Under $100M $100M - $250M $250M - $500M $500M - $1B $1B - $5B (1) Estimated buying power calculated as the cumulative overhang divided by the three-year average equity contribution to LBO transactions. Source: Pitchbook. 12
  • 13. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions S&P 500 – Aggregate Corporate Cash Balances Corporate cash reserves built up For Years Ended December 31, 2000 – 2010, and September 30, 2011 during and since the economic $1,800 downturn are driving increased $1,600 corporate appetite for M&A. U.S. $1,400 corporate cash balances as a $1,200 percentage of total enterprise $1,000 value remain near record levels $800 $600 and are driving interest in strategic $400 M&A, especially for firms which $200 need to grow via acquisitions to $0 deliver above-market growth to 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 3Q investors. 2011 S&P 500 – Debt and Earnings Levels For Years Ended December 31, 2000 – 2010, and September 30, 2011 2.5x $6.00 $5.00 2.0x $4.00 1.5x $3.00 1.0x $2.00 $1.00 0.5x $0.00 0.0x ($1.00) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 3Q 2011 Net Debt / EBITDA EPS Source: CapitalIQ. 13
  • 14. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E I. Current Market Conditions U.S. Private Equity Fundraising by Year For Years Ended December 31, 2001 – 2011 Private equity fundraising stabilized in Capital Raised ($ in billions) $350 350 2011 compared to 2010, albeit at a fraction of 2007 levels. While the first $300 300 quarter of 2012 showed an increase in Funds Closed $250 250 capital raised, it was raised by a $200 200 smaller number of funds. Fundraising continues to take much longer. It is $150 150 increasingly difficult for private equity $100 100 firms to raise capital without a history $50 50 of superior returns to investors. $0 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Capital Raised Funds Closed U.S. Private Equity Fundraising by Quarter For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2008 – 2012 $120 140 Capital Raised ($ in billions) $100 120 Funds Closed 100 $80 80 $60 60 $40 40 $20 20 $0 0 Capital Raised Funds Closed Source: Pitchbook. 14
  • 15. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends A. Structure In transactions involving private targets, there is an increased use of alternative financing structures, including seller notes (in low-yield environments, some sellers are less averse to high-coupon alternatives to mezzanine financing), equity rollovers and earnouts (tax and implied covenants to maximize earnouts are a focus). 15
  • 16. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today i. MAC Conditions The extent to which a target’s representations and warranties must be accurate (e.g., in all respects, in all material respects or to an MAE standard) continues to be a focus of attention during negotiations. MAE or materiality qualifiers continue to be included in the vast majority of acquisition agreements. Under Delaware case law, MAE provisions have become extremely difficult to enforce. 16
  • 17. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today i. MAC Conditions It is still common in private transactions for the capitalization representation to be carved out. 17
  • 18. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today i. MAC Conditions Less than 40% of private deals require or permit the target to update the disclosure schedules and only 66% of agreements require a target to expressly notify a buyer of a breach. There continues to be an emphasis on these provisions as they dictate the allocation of risk between signing and closing. 18
  • 19. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today ii. Seller Remedies Target remedies for buyer breaches and the failure of the financing condition generally evolved into five categories: (i) “Specific performance” provides the target company with a remedy to enforce all of buyer’s obligations under all circumstances; (ii) A “pure option” reverse break-up fee (“RBF”) is payable by the buyer as the exclusive remedy if the buyer’s breach (for any reason) is the cause of the transaction not closing (with specific performance not available as a remedy); (iii) A “RBF for financing failure” serves as a cap on damages for some or all breaches, yet (with few exceptions) the target retains some form of specific performance remedy; (iv) With a “two-tier RBF” the buyer pays a lower RBF for non willful breaches or financing failure (or both) and a higher fee for willful breaches or when financing is available; (v) With “damages only” the buyer is not subject to specific performance but does not pay a RBF; damages are uncapped. 19
  • 20. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today ii. Seller Remedies Targets are increasingly focused on certainty of closing and are less willing to agree to financing conditions. Buyers remain reticent to agree to specific performance as a remedy if unable to obtain financing or unwilling/unable to close. RBFs bridge the gap by providing targets meaningful remedies and buyers certainty of maximum exposure. Specific performance continues to be the prevalent remedy across all transactions. However, in debt-financed transactions, financial buyers rarely agree to the specific performance remedy and are insistent on a Pure Option RBF, a Financing Failure RBF or Two-tier RBF as the exclusive remedy. While this data is in the context of public company targets, the rationale is applicable for private company targets as well. In transactions in which the buyer is a shell company owned by a financial sponsor, guarantees or equity commitment letters from the financial sponsor remain common. 20
  • 21. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends B. Evolution of Conditions to Closing and Remedies through M&A Boom, Crisis and Today ii. Seller Remedies During 2011, RBFs for public company targets were in the range of 2% to 10% of enterprise value of the target. Half of deals with absolute cap RBFs are 5% or higher while 68% of deals with a cap for willful breach have RBFs of 5% or higher. Only 24% of deals with a cap for non-willful breach have RBFs of 5% or higher. These amounts are transaction specific and tend to be in greater ranges than traditional break-up fees. 21
  • 22. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends C. Post-Closing Purchase Price Adjustments The prevalence of post-closing purchase price adjustments continues to grow, especially in the context of private company acquisitions. These adjustments are used to make certain that the target is delivered to the buyer with a predetermined financial condition to avoid having the effective purchase price vary from the one that is negotiated. As such, these provisions are heavily negotiated and are ripe for post-closing disputes and litigation. Precise language in these provisions, particularly with respect to the measurement of balance sheet items, is required. 22
  • 23. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends D. Key Indemnity Terms i. Generally Indemnification terms continue to be the focus of a substantial amount of time and energy in negotiations. Not surprisingly, indemnification terms became generally more target friendly during the M&A boom and during the crisis leverage shifted somewhat to buyers. As markets have normalized, the newly-gained leverage of buyers has dissipated somewhat. The following is a summary of some of the more important indemnity features. 23
  • 24. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends D. Key Indemnity Terms ii. Survival Period In 2011, survival periods for private company targets continued to be generally in the 12 to 18 month range. The most frequent carve-outs continue to be for taxes, ownership of shares and assets, capitalization, due organization and authority, broker’s fees, no conflicts, covenants and fraud. It is also not uncommon for representations regarding ERISA and environmental matters to be carved-out of the survival period or subjected to a longer survival period. 24
  • 25. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends D. Key Indemnity Terms iii. Baskets Baskets for breaches by private company targets are most commonly under one percent of transaction value. Deductible baskets continue to be marginally more common than first dollar baskets. The most frequent carve-outs continue to be for representations regarding taxes, ownership of shares and assets, capitalization, due organization and authority, ERISA, environmental, broker’s fees, and for fraud. Surprisingly, breaches of covenants are subject to baskets in a significant minority of transactions. Eligible claim thresholds (i.e., “mini-baskets”) are also appearing in a significant minority of transactions. 25
  • 26. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends D. Key Indemnity Terms iv. Caps Indemnity caps for breaches continue to be found in the vast majority of transactions involving private company targets. Most frequently, caps are less than 10% of enterprise value, although higher caps are not uncommon. Carve outs for caps continue to be the topic of extensive negotiations, with the most frequent carve-outs being for representations regarding taxes, ownership of shares and assets, capitalization, due organization and authority, ERISA, environmental and broker's fees. 26
  • 27. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends D. Key Indemnity Terms v. Exclusive Remedy In the vast majority of transactions involving private company targets, indemnification continues to be the exclusive remedy for breaches. The most common carve-outs are for fraud and intentional misrepresentations. Surprisingly, carve-outs for equitable remedies and breaches of covenants only appear in a minority of transactions. 27
  • 28. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends D. Key Indemnity Terms vi. Escrows and Holdbacks Mean and median escrows and holdbacks in transactions involving private company targets continue to average approximately 10% of enterprise value, with the vast majority falling in the 5% to 15% range. Not surprisingly, smaller transactions generally have a larger percentage of consideration placed in escrow. 28
  • 29. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends D. Key Indemnity Terms vii. Sandbagging Anti-sandbagging provisions for the benefit of private company targets remain the exception rather than the norm. Pro- sandbagging provisions are included in a • Slide 76 substantial minority of transactions, while more than half of transactions are silent on this point. There is conflicting case law among the states where the operative documents are silent with respect to sandbagging. 29
  • 30. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends D. Key Indemnity Terms viii. Types of Damages Of the transactions surveyed, none of the private targets were successful in limiting indemnification solely to out of pocket damages. While a majority of transactions are silent as to whether damages may include a diminution of value, in 13% of transactions diminution in value is expressly included as a permitted type of damages, while in 17% of transactions it is expressly excluded. In a substantial minority of transactions other types of damages are expressly included (e.g., consequential and incidental). 30
  • 31. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends E. Key Escrow Terms The percentage of purchase price placed in escrow averages approximately 9%, with approximately 60% of escrow amounts falling in the range of 5% to 15% of the purchase price. 31
  • 32. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends E. Key Escrow Terms Escrow agreements provide that escrowed funds are scheduled to stay in escrow pending final disbursement to the seller for an average of 19 months. The shortest escrow duration identified was 3 months while the longest was 84 months. According to J.P. Morgan, 86% of escrow agreements specify a termination date (the most prevalent being 18 months) and 28% provide for at least one scheduled disbursement to the seller prior to the final disbursement. In deals with scheduled disbursements, the average expected duration of escrow jumps from 19 months to 25 months. 32
  • 33. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E II. What’s Market in Legal Trends E. Key Escrow Terms Purchase price, working capital adjustments, taxes and financial statements continue to account for the majority of all claims. 33
  • 34. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E About Akerman Akerman is ranked among the top 100 law firms in the United States by The National Law Journal NLJ 250 (2012) in number of lawyers and is the leading Florida firm. With 500 lawyers and government affairs professionals, Akerman serves clients throughout the United States and overseas from Florida, New York, Washington, D.C., California, Virginia, Colorado, Nevada, Utah and Texas. We have been recognized by U.S. News - Best Lawyers, Corporate Counsel magazine, PLC Which Lawyer?, The Legal 500, Chambers USA, and other industry publications for numerous practice areas. About PNC PNC is recognized as one of the country’s best-performing financial institutions. We are distinguished by our proven business model and a culture built on bringing value to customers through relationship banking and innovative products and solutions that help them achieve their goals. Our franchise continues to grow, with a banking footprint that will soon cover nearly half of the U.S. population. The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (www.pnc.com) is one of the nation's largest diversified financial services organizations providing retail and business banking; residential mortgage banking; specialized services for corporations and government entities, including corporate banking, real estate finance and asset-based lending; wealth management and asset management. 34
  • 35. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E About Akerman’s M&A and Private Equity Practice • U.S. News - Best Lawyers: Recognized in the National Corporate, Mergers & Acquisitions and Securities/Capital Markets Law categories in the U.S. • Chambers USA: #1 Corporate practice in Florida; recognized as market leader since 2003 for Mergers & Acquisitions and Private Equity in Florida • The Legal 500: Ranked as one of the leading Mergers, Acquisitions and Buyouts law firms for Middle-Market in the U.S. • Corporate Counsel magazine: “Go To” law firm for corporate transactions/M&A • Core group comprised of corporate, securities, tax, finance, benefits, creditors’ rights, intellectual property, information technology, real estate, litigation and regulatory lawyers • Focus on middle-market transactions, including LBOs, take private transactions, growth equity investments, recapitalizations, distressed debt and other distressed investments, and exits through private sales, SPACs, and IPOs 35
  • 36. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E Why PNC for Corporate Banking? • Proven success with more than 36,000 corporate and institutional clients • #1 in Overall Customer Satisfaction (Greenwich Associates' Large Corporate Treasury Management Study 2009-2011) • 2011 Greenwich Award Winner in Financial Stability, Investment Banking, International Services, Accuracy of Operations(TM) and Overall Satisfaction (including TM) in the Northeast. (2011 Greenwich Excellence Awards for Middle Market Banking) • The #2 lead arranger of middle market syndication transactions in U.S and #1 in the Northeast based on number of deals (2011 Loan Pricing Corporation) • PNC Business Credit is a top 5 bank-owned senior secured lender • PNC Equipment Finance is one of the nation’s leading bank-owned equipment finance companies with $8B in original equipment costs under management • PNC Aviation Finance is a premier senior secured corporate aircraft finance provider across the country • PNC Real Estate is a top-tier capital provider to the real estate industry that has more than $29 billion of outstanding loans (2010) 36
  • 37. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E Harris Williams & Co. Overview • Advisor on over 550 closed middle market M&A transactions • Best-in-class execution for middle market M&A • Over 10,000 conversations with buyers and lenders each year • Unparalleled retention of senior professionals • Proven global execution capabilities • Closed more than 90 transactions in the last 18 months • Harris Williams & Co. continues to be the most active middle market advisor • Our middle market M&A focus, combined with our process and execution expertise, consistently generates superior outcomes for our clients • Unparalleled closed transaction experience of ~90% 37
  • 38. 2 0 1 2 M & A , P R I V A T E E Q U I T Y, A N D C A P I T A L M A R K E T S U P D A T E Disclaimer In preparing this presentation, Akerman Senterfitt has relied upon and assumed, without independent verification, the accuracy and completeness of all information available from public sources or which was provided to Akerman Senterfitt. This presentation is for discussion purposes only and is incomplete without reference to, and should be viewed solely in conjunction with advice of Akerman Senterfitt with respect to the particular facts and circumstances of a particular transaction. The information in this presentation should be used as a baseline for discussion in the proper context, and may not be used in the context of any transaction in which Akerman Senterfitt has been engaged as counsel. This presentation and the views expressed herein may not be used without the prior written consent of Akerman Senterfitt. Akerman Senterfitt makes no representations as to the legal, regulatory, tax or other implications of the matters referred to in this presentation. Notwithstanding anything in this presentation to the contrary, the statements in this presentation are not intended to be legally binding. Neither Akerman Senterfitt nor any of its directors, officers, employees or agents shall incur any responsibility or liability whatsoever in respect of the contents of this presentation or any matters referred to herein. Due to space constraints the views expressed herein and contents hereof are by necessity incomplete. 38