This document discusses the importance of using transitions in public speaking. It defines transitions as phrases that indicate when a speaker is moving from one idea to the next. Some examples of transitions provided are "in addition," "now that we've seen," and "on the other hand." The document also discusses using internal previews to foreshadow upcoming points and internal summaries to recap what has already been discussed. Signposts are brief statements that indicate where the speaker is in the speech. Failing to use these techniques can cause audiences to feel lost between ideas.

1. Public Speaking

2.  Wondered how this
relates to that?
 Witnessed a speaker
make a huge leap
between ideas?
 Gotten totally lost?

3. The speaker probably
failed to use
transitions.

5.  Transitions
 Internal previews
 Internal summaries
 Signposts

6.  Help your speech flow
 Reveal the
relationships between
ideas
 Help your audience
understand you and
your ideas

7.  A word or phrase that indicates when a speaker (or writer)
has finished one thought and is moving on to another.
 Examples:
 “In addition,”
 “Not only”
 “Now that we’ve seen…”
 “Likewise”
 “On the other hand,”
 “For that reason”
 “Let’s look at this in action”

8.  A statement in the body of the speech that
lets the audience know what the speaker is
going to discuss next.
 Examples
 Transition ~ “Now that we have seen how serious
the problem of sleeping in class can be…”
 Internal Preview~ “I will focus on the following
three solutions…”
 “So, there are several points I’d like to make.”

9.  A statement in the body of the speech that
summarizes what has already been said.
 Example:
 “I hope I’ve made clear the benefits of using
connective phrases in your speeches. Without
them, your audience is likely to be lost.”
 “Now that I have discussed x, y, and z,…”

10.  A very brief statement that indicates where a
speaker is in the speech, or that focuses
attention on the key ideas.
 Examples:
 Enumerate ~ “Four simple principles guide our policy.
First… Second…
 Key Idea ~ “The most important thing to remember is
…
 “The third thing I want to discuss is…”
 “And, to conclude…”

11.  Communications 130. PPT.
 "Transitions." Speaking in the Disciplines.
University of Pittsburgh, 21 Aug. 2008. Web.
30 Mar. 2015.
<http://www.speaking.pitt.edu/student/publi
c-speaking/transitions.html>.