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1. a. Isoamyl alcohol is an organic compound having molecular formula C5H12O.
Isoamyl alcohol is one of the eight isomers of Amyl alcohol. It is a primary alcohol. It is a clear
water white liquid of moderate volatility. It is narcotic and is about four times as toxic as ethanol.
It has the highest narcotic effect among all the Amyl alcohols. It was first derived from Fusel oil,
a byproduct during the production of Ethyl alcohol by fermentation of molasses. It was then
derived from the chlorination of Pentanes followed by hydrolysis. Later on, it was manufactured
by Oxo Process. Oxo Process is a general process for the manufacture of C4 and higher alcohols.
Following are the synonyms of Isoamyl alcohol: 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-4-butanol, iso
butyl carbinol, sec-butyl carbinol, 1-hydroxy-3-methyl butane, prim-isoamyl alcohol. Formula:
(CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH sec-amyl alcohol: Is an organic chemical compound. It is used as a
solvent and an intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals. 2-Pentanol is a component of
many mixtures of amyl alcohols sold industrially. b. isobutyl alcohol is an organic compound
with the formula (CH3)2CHCH2OH. This colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic smell
is mainly used as a solvent. Its isomers include n-butanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol, all of
which are more important industrially. diethyl alcohol is an organic compound in the ether class
with the formula (C2H5)2O. It is a colorless, highly volatile flammable liquid with a
characteristic odor. It is commonly used as a solvent and was once used as a general anesthetic.
c. n-amyl alcohol is any of 8 alcohols with the formula C5H11OH.[1] A mixture of amyl
alcohols (also called amyl alcohol) can be obtained from fusel alcohol. Amyl alcohol is used as a
solvent and in esterfication for example in the production of amyl acetate. Amyl alcohol as a
distinct chemical compound refers to pentan-1-ol. valeric acid : Pentanoic Acid Propylacetic
Acid Butanecarboxylic Acid CH3(CH2)3COOH Description A colorless liquid with an
unpleasant odor. Features • Freely soluble in ethanol • Carboxy functionality in a lower
molecular weight fatty acid. Applications • Chemical intermediate • Intermediate in perfumery •
Synthetic lubricants • Agricultural chemical intermediate, pharmaceutical intermediate How
supplied • Bulk: Tank truck/tank cars/isotanks/marine vessels • Drums d. 2-pentanol is an
organic chemical compound. It is used as a solvent and an intermediate in the manufacture of
other chemicals. 2-Pentanol is a component of many mixtures of amyl alcohols sold industrially.
3-Pentanol is one of the isomers of amyl alcohol.
Solution
a. Isoamyl alcohol is an organic compound having molecular formula C5H12O.
Isoamyl alcohol is one of the eight isomers of Amyl alcohol. It is a primary alcohol. It is a clear
water white liquid of moderate volatility. It is narcotic and is about four times as toxic as ethanol.
It has the highest narcotic effect among all the Amyl alcohols. It was first derived from Fusel oil,
a byproduct during the production of Ethyl alcohol by fermentation of molasses. It was then

2. derived from the chlorination of Pentanes followed by hydrolysis. Later on, it was manufactured
by Oxo Process. Oxo Process is a general process for the manufacture of C4 and higher alcohols.
Following are the synonyms of Isoamyl alcohol: 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-4-butanol, iso
butyl carbinol, sec-butyl carbinol, 1-hydroxy-3-methyl butane, prim-isoamyl alcohol. Formula:
(CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH sec-amyl alcohol: Is an organic chemical compound. It is used as a
solvent and an intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals. 2-Pentanol is a component of
many mixtures of amyl alcohols sold industrially. b. isobutyl alcohol is an organic compound
with the formula (CH3)2CHCH2OH. This colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic smell
is mainly used as a solvent. Its isomers include n-butanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol, all of
which are more important industrially. diethyl alcohol is an organic compound in the ether class
with the formula (C2H5)2O. It is a colorless, highly volatile flammable liquid with a
characteristic odor. It is commonly used as a solvent and was once used as a general anesthetic.
c. n-amyl alcohol is any of 8 alcohols with the formula C5H11OH.[1] A mixture of amyl
alcohols (also called amyl alcohol) can be obtained from fusel alcohol. Amyl alcohol is used as a
solvent and in esterfication for example in the production of amyl acetate. Amyl alcohol as a
distinct chemical compound refers to pentan-1-ol. valeric acid : Pentanoic Acid Propylacetic
Acid Butanecarboxylic Acid CH3(CH2)3COOH Description A colorless liquid with an
unpleasant odor. Features • Freely soluble in ethanol • Carboxy functionality in a lower
molecular weight fatty acid. Applications • Chemical intermediate • Intermediate in perfumery •
Synthetic lubricants • Agricultural chemical intermediate, pharmaceutical intermediate How
supplied • Bulk: Tank truck/tank cars/isotanks/marine vessels • Drums d. 2-pentanol is an
organic chemical compound. It is used as a solvent and an intermediate in the manufacture of
other chemicals. 2-Pentanol is a component of many mixtures of amyl alcohols sold industrially.
3-Pentanol is one of the isomers of amyl alcohol.