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‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١/٦٦ ‫إﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻮاﻃـﻊ‬ East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢/٦٦ East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴﺎرﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ، ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻬﺎم‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺆدي‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻢ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌـﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺳـﻠﻴﻢ‬ : Í ‫اﻷﻗﻄـﺎب‬ ‫ﻋـﺪد‬ “ Number of Poles ” . Í ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Thermal Setting Relay ” . Í ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Magnetic Setting Relay ” . Í ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Breaking Capacity ” . Í ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Rated Nominal Curent ” . È ‫اﻹﻏﻼق‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Making Short Circuit Current ” . ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫إﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ :
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣/٦٦ ١ - ‫اﻷﻗـﻄـﺎب‬ ‫ﻋـﺪد‬ : Í ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫أﻗﻄـﺎب‬ ‫ﻋـﺪد‬ ” ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌـﻄﻴﺎت‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒـﻌـ‬ : g ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳـﺘﻬـﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮاد‬ ‫اﻟـﺸـﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻧـﻮﻋﻴـﺔ‬ . g ‫اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈـﺎم‬ . East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤/٦٦ ٢ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻳـﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺗـﺄﻣﻴـﻦ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺸــ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﻜ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑـﺎﺋـﻴـ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ “ ‫زﻳـ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤ‬ ‫ﺎدة‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫ﻮﻟـ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ” ‫ﺑﻮاﺳـ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤـﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ – Thermal Relay ” ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ة‬ . Í ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳﺔ‬ “ Ir ” ‫ﻷﺟـﻞ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﺤــﻮﻻت‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴـﺰات‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮﻋﺎت‬ . East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮﻋـﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟـﻤـﺤـﻮﻻت‬ : g ‫ﻗﻴـﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻹﺳــﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﻴـﺎر‬ – In ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐـﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺼﺪر‬ : g ‫ﻗﻴـﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤـﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ – Ir ” ‫اﻟـﺘـﺎﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤـﻘـﻴﻖ‬ : È ‫ﻳـﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻤـﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﻧـﺘـﺒﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣـﻊ‬ : © ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﺻـﻔﺎت‬ ) ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮح‬ ‫واﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ . ( © ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺑـﻮﻃـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨـﻮاﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ . Ir ≤ In In = S √3 . Uo ٢ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﺘـﺠــﻬــﻴـﺰات‬ : ) 1 ( g ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳـﺪ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫ﻟﻶﻟـﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ – Ib ” . g ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫اﻟﺘﺮآـﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘـﺔ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗـﺒﻌـ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳـﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄـﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ – Iz ” . g ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ، ‫ﺑﻌـﺪهﺎ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ – Ir ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ : ٢ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 Ib ≤ Ir ≤ Iz
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٧/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎت‬ ، ‫ﺻـﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﺄة‬ ‫ﺗﻐـﺬي‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ : g ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬ “ 20 kV , 500 MVA ” g ‫ﻣﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ “ 400 kVA , Ucc = 4 % , Pt = 5000 W ” g ‫ﻧﺤﺎﺳـﻴﺔ‬ ‫آﺎﺑﻼت‬ “ NYY ” ‫واﻟـﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤـﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ “ 12 m ” . g ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ‬ “ E ” ‫اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ، “ k = 0.85 ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ “ SN = ½ SPh ” . g ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎرات‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮي‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫آﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺤﺎس‬ “ 2 m ” ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ذات‬ “ 400 mm2 ” ‫ﻟﻠﻄﻮر‬ . g ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈـﺎم‬ “ TN – S ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ذو‬ “ 50 mm2 ” . ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٨/٦٦ Í ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺼﻞ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ : In = 580 A ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ : Ir ≤ 580 A Í ً ‫ﺎ‬‫وأﻳﻀـ‬ : Iz = 580 ÷ 0.85 = 683 A Í ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻤﻮرة‬ ‫ﻏـﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : SPh = 2 x 185 mm2 Iz = 2 x 364 = 728 A ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ SN = 2 x 95 mm2 ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٩/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺪوﺛـﻬـﺎ‬ ‫وأﻣﻜـﻨـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻳـﻮﺟـﺪ‬ “ ‫أﻧـﻮاع‬ ‫أرﺑـﻊ‬ ” ‫وهﻲ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟـﺪارة‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : g ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺼـﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ “ 3 Phs S.C. ” . g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻃـﻮرﻳـﻦ‬ “ Ph to Ph S.C. ” . g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ “ Ph to N S.C. ” . g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ Ph to PE S.C. ” . Í ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫وﻟﻜـﻦ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬ ‫أي‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪث‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤـﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪث‬ ‫ﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ “ ‫ﺑـﺪاﻳـﺔ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻬـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ” ‫اﻟﺪراﺳـﺔ‬ ‫أﺛـﻨﺎء‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺧﺬ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ . ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٠/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺪوﺛـﻬـﺎ‬ ‫وأﻣﻜـﻨـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ : ) 2 ( Í ‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟـﻘـﺼﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ” ‫ﺑـ‬ ‫ﺗﺘـﻌـﻠﻖ‬ : g ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤﻠـﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺔ‬ ” ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ “ Zsc ” . g ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺘـﻮﺗـﺮ‬ ” ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ “ U ” ‫أو‬ “ V ” . ‫ﻳﻠـﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻨـﺎ‬ : ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١١/٦٦ Í ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻜـﻮن‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ “ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﻴﺎر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻤـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺼـﺮ‬ - Isc max ” ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ - 3 Phs ” ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫أﻗﺮب‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ . Í ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻜـﻮن‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ “ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﻴﺎر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫أﺻ‬ ‫ﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻐ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺮﻳـﺔ‬ - Isc min ” ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ “ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ” ‫أو‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ” ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫أﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ . a ‫اﻵﻟـﺔ‬ L1 L2 L3 N PE ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ a ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٢/٦٦ ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺳـﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎ‬ : Í ‫ﻷن‬ ً ‫ا‬‫ﻧﻈـﺮ‬ ‫أآـﺒـﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨـﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳـﺴـﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻌـﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ “ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ . Í ‫ﻷن‬ ً ‫ا‬‫ﻧﻈـﺮ‬ ‫أﺻـﻐـﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨـﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳـﺴـﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ . ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ : ) 4 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٣/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣـﺔ‬ - ρ ” ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗـﻞ‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ّد‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺣ‬ “ IEC 909 ” ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗـﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ “ + 20 °C ” ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘـﻴﻢ‬ : g ‫ﻧـﺤـﺎس‬ : ρo = 18.51 ) Ω.mm2 / km ( ‫أو‬ ) mΩ.mm2 / m ( g ‫أﻟﻤﻨـﻴﻮم‬ : ρo = 29.41 ) Ω.mm2 / km ( ‫أو‬ ) mΩ.mm2 / m ( Í ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎو‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺬآﻮرة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫إرﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﻋـﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋـﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋـﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﺰداد‬ “ + 75 °C ” ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎزل‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ “ PVC ” : g ‫أﻟﻤﻨﻴﻮم‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺎس‬ : ρ1 = 1.23 x ρo ) Ω.mm2 / km ( ‫أو‬ ) mΩ.mm2 / m ( ‫ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﻳـﺎدة‬ ‫أي‬ “ 25 % ” ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒـ‬ . ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻤـﻘـﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟـﻨـﻮﻋـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٤/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣـﺔ‬ - ρ ” ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗـﻞ‬ : ) 2 ( ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ، ‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺷـﺎرة‬ ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ – Isc max ” ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎدهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ “ ρo ” ‫ﻟﻤﻌـﺮﻓـﺔ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫أآـﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ . Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ – Isc min ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ – Id ” ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎدهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ “ ρ1 ” ‫ﻟﻤﻌـﺮﻓـﺔ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫أﺻﻐـﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎرات‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ – ∆V ” ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎدهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ “ ρ1 ” ‫ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫أآـﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻤـﻘـﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟـﻨـﻮﻋـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٥/٦٦ ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬ‬ ‫ﺸـﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻄـﺎل‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻷرﺿـﻴﺔ‬ ) ♣ ( ” ‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻃـﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ – Magnetic Relay ” ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ة‬ . Í ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Im ” ‫ﻷﺟـﻞ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﺤــﻮﻻت‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴـﺰات‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮﻋﺎت‬ . ♣ : ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒـﻌ‬ . East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٦/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc min I ” : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﻳـﺘـﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ” ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫آﻼ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘـﺒﺎر‬ “ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ” ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬـﺎﻳﺔ‬ . g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘـﺒﺎر‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ” ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬـﺎﻳﺔ‬ . ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ : ‫ﻣﻨـﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺛـﻢ‬ . Isc min V Zsc = ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 2 ( Cmin . East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٧/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc min I ” : ) 2 ( g ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ : © “ V ” : ‫ﻓـﺮاغ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴـﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄـﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗـﺮ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . © “ Zsc ” : ‫ﻟﻨﺎﻗﻠﻲ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ . © “ Cmin ” : ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫أﺛﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ “ 5 - 20 % ” . È ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻤـﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻨﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ : © ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺧـﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓـﺔ‬ . © ‫ﻧ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺄﺧﺬ‬ ‫اﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫اﻷرﺿﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﺑﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫آﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬ “ TT ” . ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٨/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﻤـﺤــﻮﻻت‬ : g ‫ﻳﺤﺴـ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤـﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻄﻞ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫أﺣـﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮى‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫وﺟـﻮد‬ ‫اﻋـﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫أﺣـﺪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﻟﺨـﺎرﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎرات‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟـﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤـﺘﻮﺳ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻮﺗـﺮ‬ ‫ﺷــﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘـﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﻴـﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘـﻢ‬ ، ‫ـﻂ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟـﻌـﻴﺎر‬ - Im ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ : È ، ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫إﻋـﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﺄآ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻹﻋ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﺎر‬ “ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺢ‬ ” ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻘـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪدة‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻈﺎم‬ “ IEC 947-2 ” ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ “ ± 20 % ” . Im ≤ Isc min ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 4 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٩/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﺘـﺠـﻬـﻴـﺰات‬ : g ‫اﻋـ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺴـﺐ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬ ، ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫اﻷﻃ‬ ‫أﺣـﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻄﻞ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫أﺣـﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮى‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫وﺟـﻮد‬ ‫ـﻮار‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟـﻌـﻴﺎر‬ - Im ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ : È ، ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫إﻋـﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﺄآ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﺧـﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻹﻋ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﺎر‬ “ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺢ‬ ” ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻘـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪدة‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻈﺎم‬ “ IEC 947-2 ” ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ “ ± 20 % ” . Im ≤ Isc min ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 5 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٠/٦٦ ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺼﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬ ‫إﺗﻤﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ : ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 θ ( °C ) R ( mΩ ) X ( mΩ ) ‫اﻟﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ---- 0.064 0.314 ---- ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬ Sec 1 ---- 4.95 15.21 ---- ‫اﻟﻤـﺤـﻮﻟــﺔ‬ Sec 2 20 °C 0.61 75 °C 0.75 0.48 12 m ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 2 x 185 mm2 Sec 3 20 °C 1.17 75 °C 1.44 0.48 12 m ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 2 x 95 mm2 ---- 0 0.15 ---- ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ 75 °C 0.11 0.30 2 m ‫اﻟﺒﺎرات‬ 400 mm2 Sec 4 20 °C 4.45 75 °C 5.48 0.96 12 m ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” 50 mm2 ---- East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢١/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : Zsc = 18.45 mΩ Isc min = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 18.45 Isc min = 9.97 kA Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻷرﺿﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : Zsc = 20.80 mΩ Id = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 20.80 Id = 8.85 kA ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٢/٦٦ ‫ﺑـﺄن‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨـﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : Í ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أي‬ ، ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ : Im ≤ 8.85 kA È ، ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫إﻋـﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﺄآ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ “ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺢ‬ ” ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ “ ± 20 % ” . ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٣/٦٦ ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻳـﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻘﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ – B. C. ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ – Isc max ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺛـﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ، : Í ‫ﻷﺟـﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﺤــﻮﻻت‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴـﺰات‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮﻋﺎت‬ . B. C. ≥ Isc max East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٤/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc max I ” : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ - 3Ph ” ‫ﺑﺈﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ : g ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣـﻴﺚ‬ : © “ Uo ” : ‫ﻓـﺮاغ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﻮرﻳـﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . © “ Zsc ” : ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻬـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄـﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮع‬ . © “ Cmax ” : ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ “ 1.05 ” . È ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺧـﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧـﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻨﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ . Isc3 max Uo √3. Zsc = Cmax . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٥/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc max I ” : ) 2 ( Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ - 2Ph ” ‫ﺑﺈﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ : g ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣـﻴﺚ‬ : © “ Uo ” : ‫ﻓـﺮاغ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﻮرﻳـﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . © “ Zsc ” : ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻬـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄـﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮع‬ . © ” Cmax ” : ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ “ 1.05 ” . È ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺧـﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧـﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻨﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ . Isc2 max Uo 2 . Zsc = Cmax . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٦/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc max I ” : ) 3 ( Í ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ ‫أﺣﺎدﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ - Ph+N ” ‫ﺑﺈﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ : g ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣـﻴﺚ‬ : © “ V ” : ‫ﻓـﺮاغ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . © “ Zsc ” : ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻬـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄـﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮع‬ . © “ Cmax ” : ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ “ 1.05 ” . È ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺧـﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧـﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻨﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ . Isc1 max V Zsc = Cmax . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 4 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٧/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﻤـﺤــﻮﻻت‬ : g ‫اﻷﻋـﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ “ Isc max ” ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤـﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ، ‫ﻗـﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ – B. C. ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ : È ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ “ Zsc ” ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ : ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬ + ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ + ‫ﻧﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎرات‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺑﻂ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ، ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫إهﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻪ‬ “ R = 0 , X = 0.15 mΩ/pole ” B. C. ≥ Isc max ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 5 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٨/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﺘـﺠـﻬـﻴـﺰات‬ : g ‫اﻷﻋـﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ “ Isc max ” ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺮج‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐـﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬ ‫ـﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ – B. C. ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ : È ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ “ Zsc ” ‫اﻟﺘﻐـﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫وﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ‫آﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫وﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 6 ( B. C. ≥ Isc max East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٩/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳـﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : g ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ‬ ) Tr : ( Zsc = 16.31 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 400 ÷ ( √ 3 x 16.31 ) Isc3 max ( Tr ) = 14.89 kA g ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ‬ ) CB ( : Zsc = 17.10 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 400 ÷ ( √ 3 x 17.10 ) Isc3 max ( CB ) = 14.19 kA ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٠/٦٦ ‫ﺑـﺄن‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ : B. C. ≥ 14.19 kA ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣١/٦٦ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ّﺮ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺗﻐـ‬ : Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺪد‬ “ IEC 947-2 ” ‫ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ “ θ ≤ + 40 °C ” ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺤﺎس‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻷن‬ ً ‫ا‬‫وﻧﻈﺮ‬ ، “ ρ ” ‫ﻟـﺬا‬ ، ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺰاﻳﺪ‬ : g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ “ θ > + 40 °C ” ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫ﺗﺘـﻨﺎﻗﺺ‬ . Í ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮآﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻤﺬآﻮر‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒﻌ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒﻌـ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫ﻟﺪرﺟﺎت‬ : “ Temperature Derating ” ٥ - ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ “ n I ” : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٢/٦٦ Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ – In ” ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ، ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ : g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ Ir ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫ﻟﺪرﺟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻘـﺪﻳـﺮ‬ “ θ ” ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﺟﺪهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻴﺮآﺐ‬ . g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ّﺮ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺗﻐـ‬ ‫ﺟـﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ “ Temperature Derating ” ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳـﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺨـﺘﺎر‬ “ In ” . g ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺘـﺄآـﺪ‬ : ٥ - ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ “ n I ” : ) 2 ( In ≥ Ir East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٣/٦٦ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄـﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳـﺘـﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ : Ir = 580 A Í ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫اﻋﺘـﺒﺎر‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺪود‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن‬ “ θ = + 65 °C ” ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ “ 580 A ” ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ . Í ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻮدة‬ “ Temperature Derating ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺤـﺪد‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺸـﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٤/٦٦ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻻﺳ‬ ‫ﺎر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻤﺤ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻮﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ “ 400 kVA ” ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎوي‬ “ In(tr) = 580A ” ، ‫اﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ذو‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺘـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫اﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫إن‬ “ 630 A ” ، ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺒ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪو‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘـﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻦ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ “ θ = + 40 °C ” . g ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬا‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ θ = + 65 °C ” ‫ه‬ ‫ﻲ‬ “ 550 A ” ) ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﺎت‬ ( . ‫ﺑـﺄن‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ : Í ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬ ‫أﺻ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺖ‬ ‫أﺻ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻐ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻻﺳ‬ ‫ﻴﺎر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ “ In(CB) < In(Tr) ” . Í ‫وهﺬا‬ ‫ﺳـ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺆدي‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﻜﻤ‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺤﺮار‬ ‫ة‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺴ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻄﺎل‬ . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٥/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺻـﻔﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﺎرج‬ ‫ﻷﺣﺪ‬ : g ‫ﺣﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ‬ “ 3 Ph + N ” ‫ﺗﻮاﻓﻘﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺪون‬ . g ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ “ 35 kW , Cos φ = 0.80 ” g ‫اﻹﻗﻼع‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ “ Irush = 3In ” g ‫ﻧﺤﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫آﺎﺑﻞ‬ “ NYY ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺼـﻞ‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻮل‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ “ 175 m ” . g ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ‬ “ E ” ‫اﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ، “ k = 0.70 ” . g ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ‫هﺬا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ “ 4 % ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈـﺎم‬ “ TN – S ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ذو‬ “ 10 mm2 ” . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٦/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴـﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ : Ib = 64 A Í ‫ﻟﻶﻟـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ : Iz = 64 ÷ 0.7 = 91.5 A ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻤﻮرة‬ ‫ﻏـﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ : S = 25 mm2 Iz = 101 A Í ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ‫هﺬا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٧/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ‫هﺬا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : ΔU = √ 3 x I x Z X = λ x L = 0.08 x 175 = 14 mΩ R = 1.23 x ρ0 x L / S = 159.37 mΩ Z = √ 142 + 159.372 = 160 mΩ ΔU = √ 3 x 64 x 0.16 = 17.71 V ΔU = 4.4 % ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٨/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : ΔU = √ 3 x I ( R .Cos φ + X .Sin φ ) X = λ x L = 0.08 x 175 = 14 mΩ R = 1.23 x ρ0 x L / S = 159.37 mΩ ΔU = √ 3 x 64 ( 0.159 x 0.8 + 0.014 x 0.6 ) ΔU = 15.03 V ΔU = 3.95 % ‫ﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎرﻩ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻦ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ً ‫ا‬‫إذ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻼع‬ . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٩/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻼع‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : ΔU( rush ) = 3 x 3.95 = 11.82 % ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫وهﺬا‬ “ S = 25 mm2 ” ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ . Í ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ 35 mm2 ” ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺠﺪ‬ ، ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺪدة‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺪى‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫هﻮ‬ : NYY 3 x 35 + 16 Iz = 126 A Í ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ : Ir = 80 A ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٠/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺼﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ : θ ( °C ) R ( mΩ ) X ( mΩ ) ‫اﻟﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ---- 0 0.15 ---- ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ Sec 5 20 °C 92.55 75 °C 113.85 14 175 m ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 35 mm2 Sec 6 20 °C 202.45 75 °C 249.05 14 175 m ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 16 mm2 20 °C 323.93 75 °C 398.43 14 175 m ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” 10 mm2 ---- East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤١/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ” : Zsc = 372.91 mΩ Isc min = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 372.91 Isc min = 0.49 kA Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ “ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ” : Zsc = 525.67 mΩ Id = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 525.67 Id = 0.35 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٢/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ : Im = 0.35 x 0.8 = 0.28 kA Im = 280 A Í ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄآﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫وﺑﻌﺪ‬ : Iruch ≤ Im ± 20 % ≤ Isc min ‫أي‬ : Iruch ≤ Im - 20 % Im + 20 % ≤ Isc min ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٣/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ CB 2 ” ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ : Zsc = 17.57 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 400 ÷ ( √ 3 x 17.57 ) Isc3 max = 13.81 kA ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻲ‬ : B. C. ≥ 13.81 kA Í ‫اﻷﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘ‬ ‫ورد‬ ‫آﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ “ θ = + 65 °C ” . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٤/٦٦ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ CB 4 ” : Í ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ : Zsc = 31.14 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 400 ÷ ( √ 3 x 31.14 ) Isc3 max = 7.80 kA ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻲ‬ : B. C. ≥ 7.80 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 3 ( ° Cu. 35 m CB 3 Sec 8 Sec 9 Sec 10 ≈ NYY 3 x 35 + 16 B. B. ° CB 4 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٥/٦٦ Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻹﻏﻼق‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ – Icm ” ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ : ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ : g “ k ” : ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨ‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻌـﻠﻖ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﻤﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺴـﺒﺔ‬ “ R / X ” ‫اﻟﻨﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ “ R / L ” ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺸـﺒﻜﺔ‬ . È ‫اﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ “ R ‫و‬ X ” ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ . ٦ - ‫اﻹﻏﻼق‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ “ cm I ” : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 Icm √2 . k . = Isc3 max k
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٦/٦٦ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻹﻏﻼق‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ CB 4 ” : Í ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : Rsc = 24.244 mΩ Xsc = 19.554 mΩ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ : Rsc / Xsc = 1.23 ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ : k = 1.07 ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻲ‬ : Icm = 1.07 x √2 x 7.80 Icm = 11.80 kA peak ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 3 ( ° Cu. 35 m CB 3 Sec 8 Sec 9 Sec 10 ≈ NYY 3 x 35 + 16 B. B. ° CB 4 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٧/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫وﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ، ‫ﻣﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮآﺐ‬ : g “ X″d ” : ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Subtransient Reactance ” g “ X′d ” : ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Transient Reactance ” g “ Xo ” : ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Steady-State Reactance ” Í ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮآﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻢ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪد‬ ‫ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫آﻨـﺴـﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫وﺗﺘﺮاوح‬ ، : g “ x″d ” : “ 20 % ” g “ x′d ” : “ 30 % ” g “ xo ” : “ 6 % ” Í ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻐﺮ‬ ً ‫ا‬‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ . ‫اﻟـﺘـﻮﻟـﻴـﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٨/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ، ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻌـﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ت‬ : g ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ X″d ” : g ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ X′d ” : g ‫اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Xo ” : ‫اﻟـﺘـﻮﻟـﻴـﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 2 ( X″d Un2 . x″d 100 . P = X′d Un2 . x′d 100 . P = Xo Un2 . xo 100 . P = East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٩/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣـﺠـﻤـﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 1 ( g ‫ﻗـ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫وﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ . g ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ : ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ : © “ Zsc ” : ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻧﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ + ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ “ Zo ” ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ “ Zo ” ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ : ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 6 ( Isc min .V Zsc = Cmin Zo = ( 2 . X′d + Xo ) / 3 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٠/٦٦ Í ‫ﺻـﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﺄة‬ ‫ﺗﻐـﺬي‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ . Í ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎت‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ : © 500 kVA , 400 V , 50 Hz © x″d = 20 % , x′d = 30 % , xo = 6 % g ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺮآﺐ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻃﻊ‬ . g ‫ﺑﻄـﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌـﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺎﺳـﻴﺔ‬ ‫آﺎﺑـﻼت‬ “ 7 m ” . g ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ‬ “ E ” ‫اﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ، “ k = 0.71 ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ “ SN = ½ Sph ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈـﺎم‬ “ TN – S ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ذو‬ “ 50 mm² ” . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥١/٦٦ Í ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺼﻞ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ : In = 720 A ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ : Ir ≤ 720 A Í ‫اﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ : Iz = 720 ÷ 0.71 = 1014 A Í ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﺎﺑﻼت‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮآﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : SPh = 3 x 185 mm2 Iz = 3 x 364 = 1092 A ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ SN = 3 x 95 mm2 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٢/٦٦ ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( θ ( °C ) R ( mΩ ) X ( mΩ ) ‫اﻟﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ---- 0 X″d = 64.0 ---- ---- 0 X′d = 96.0 ---- ---- 0 Xo = 19.2 ---- ---- 0 Zo = 70.4 ---- ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑـﺔ‬ ---- 0 0.150 ---- ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ “ CB 1 ” Sec 1 20 °C 0.237 75 °C 0.291 0.186 7 m ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 3 x 185 mm2 Sec 2 20 °C 0.455 75 °C 0.560 0.186 7 m ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 3 x 95 mm2 ---- 0 0.150 ---- ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ Sec 3 20 °C 2.595 75 °C 3.196 0.56 7 m ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” 50 mm2 ---- ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٣/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : Zsc = 71.39 mΩ Isc min = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 71.39 Isc min = 2.57 kA Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻷرﺿﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : Zsc = 74.00 mΩ Id = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 74.00 Id = 2.48 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٤/٦٦ ‫ﺑـﺄن‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨـﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : Í ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أي‬ ، ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ : Im ≤ 2.48 kA È ، ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫إﻋـﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﺄآ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ “ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺢ‬ ” ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ” ± 20 % ” . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٥/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣـﺠـﻤـﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧـﻪ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺪرة‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ . © ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ Isc3 max ” ‫ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ “ X″d ” . g ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺪرة‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ . © ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ “ Isc3 max ” ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ‬ “ X′d ” . Í ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫آﻼ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ “ Isc3 max ” ‫وﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ “ Isc1 max ” ‫اﻷآﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ، . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 7 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٦/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣـﺠـﻤـﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 2 ( g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ : g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫وﺣﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ : Isc3 max .V X″d = Cmax Isc1 max .V Z0 = Cmax Isc3 max .V X′d = Cmax East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 8 (
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٧/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ “ Subtransient - X″d ” : X″d = 64 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 230 ÷ 64 Isc3 max = 3.77 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٨/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ “ Transient - X′d ” : X′d = 96 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 230 ÷ 96 Isc3 max = 2.52 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٩/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ “ Steady-Stat – Zo ” : Zo = 70.4 mΩ Isc1 max = 1.05 x 230 ÷ 70.4 Isc1 max = 3.43 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٠/٦٦ Í ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ “ CB 1 ” : B. C. ≥ 3.77 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦١/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ “ 2 - IEC 947 ” : g ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ” ± 10 % ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻹﺧﺘﺒﺎرات‬ ‫آﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮي‬ “ θ = + 40 °C ” . g ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮوﻟﻴﻬﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ “ θ > + 40 °C ” . g ‫درﺟﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮوﻟﻴﻬﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫ت‬ . g ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ : g ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ In > 63 A ” ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ “ t ≤ 2 hours ” . ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ” : ) 1 ( ‫اﻟﻌـﻴـﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﺎﻟـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟـﺰﻣـﻦ‬ In ≤ 63 A I ≥ 1.05 In ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﻋـﺪم‬ t = 1 hour In ≤ 63 A I = 1.30 In ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ t < 1 hour East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٢/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ “ IEC 898 ” : g ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ” ± 10 % ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻹﺧﺘﺒﺎرات‬ ‫آﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮي‬ “ θ = + 40 °C ” . g ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮوﻟﻴﻬﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ “ θ > + 40 °C ” . g ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ : g ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ In > 63 A ” ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ “ t ≤ 2 hours ” . ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ” : ) 2 ( ‫اﻟﻌـﻴـﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﺎﻟـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟـﺰﻣـﻦ‬ In ≤ 63 A I ≥ 1.13 In ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﻋـﺪم‬ t = 1 hour In ≤ 63 A I = 1.45 In ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ t < 1 hour East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٣/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ “ 2 - IEC 947 ” : g ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ” ± 20 % ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ّﺮ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺑﺘﻐـ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ . g ‫اﻟﻤﺬآﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪد‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ً ‫ا‬‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬـﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ‬ : © ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫زﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﻋﺎدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ 40 Î 70 ms ” . © ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫زﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮى‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ّدة‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣﺤ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ 10 Î 20 ms ” . © ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ 100 Î 500 ms ” . ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ” : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٤/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ “ IEC 898 ” : g ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ” ± 20 % ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ّﺮ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺑﺘﻐـ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ . g ‫اﻟﻤﺬآﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺪد‬ ‫ﻓﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ، ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒﻌ‬ ‫وهﻲ‬ : © “ B ” : ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ 3 - 5 Ir ” . © “ C ” : ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ 5 - 10 Ir ” . © “ D ” : ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ 10 - 20 Ir ” . ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ” : ) 4 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٥/٦٦ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ‬ : 10 000 5 000 2 000 1 000 500 200 100 50 20 10 5 2 1 .5 .2 .1 .05 .02 .01 .005 .002 .001 .5 .7 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 20 30 50 70100 200300 t sec I / Ir 1.05 1.30 1.13 1.45 ‫اﻟﺤـﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٦/٦٦ East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 I t Ib Ir Iz BC I².t Cable Th. & Mag. Protections Isc Overload

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اختيار القواطع.pdf

  • 2. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢/٦٦ East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴﺎرﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ، ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻬﺎم‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺆدي‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻢ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌـﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ، ‫ﺳـﻠﻴﻢ‬ : Í ‫اﻷﻗﻄـﺎب‬ ‫ﻋـﺪد‬ “ Number of Poles ” . Í ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Thermal Setting Relay ” . Í ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Magnetic Setting Relay ” . Í ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Breaking Capacity ” . Í ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Rated Nominal Curent ” . È ‫اﻹﻏﻼق‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Making Short Circuit Current ” . ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫إﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ :
  • 3. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣/٦٦ ١ - ‫اﻷﻗـﻄـﺎب‬ ‫ﻋـﺪد‬ : Í ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫أﻗﻄـﺎب‬ ‫ﻋـﺪد‬ ” ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌـﻄﻴﺎت‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒـﻌـ‬ : g ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳـﺘﻬـﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮاد‬ ‫اﻟـﺸـﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻧـﻮﻋﻴـﺔ‬ . g ‫اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈـﺎم‬ . East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 4. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤/٦٦ ٢ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻳـﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺗـﺄﻣﻴـﻦ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺸــ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﻜ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑـﺎﺋـﻴـ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ “ ‫زﻳـ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤ‬ ‫ﺎدة‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫ﻮﻟـ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ” ‫ﺑﻮاﺳـ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫ﻄﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤـﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ – Thermal Relay ” ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ة‬ . Í ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳﺔ‬ “ Ir ” ‫ﻷﺟـﻞ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﺤــﻮﻻت‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴـﺰات‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮﻋﺎت‬ . East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 5. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮﻋـﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟـﻤـﺤـﻮﻻت‬ : g ‫ﻗﻴـﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻹﺳــﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﻴـﺎر‬ – In ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐـﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺼﺪر‬ : g ‫ﻗﻴـﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤـﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ – Ir ” ‫اﻟـﺘـﺎﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤـﻘـﻴﻖ‬ : È ‫ﻳـﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻤـﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﻧـﺘـﺒﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣـﻊ‬ : © ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﺻـﻔﺎت‬ ) ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮح‬ ‫واﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ . ( © ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺑـﻮﻃـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨـﻮاﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ . Ir ≤ In In = S √3 . Uo ٢ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 6. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﺘـﺠــﻬــﻴـﺰات‬ : ) 1 ( g ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳـﺪ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫ﻟﻶﻟـﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ – Ib ” . g ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫اﻟﺘﺮآـﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘـﺔ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗـﺒﻌـ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳـﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄـﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ – Iz ” . g ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ، ‫ﺑﻌـﺪهﺎ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ – Ir ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ : ٢ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 Ib ≤ Ir ≤ Iz
  • 7. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٧/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎت‬ ، ‫ﺻـﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﺄة‬ ‫ﺗﻐـﺬي‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ : g ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬ “ 20 kV , 500 MVA ” g ‫ﻣﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ “ 400 kVA , Ucc = 4 % , Pt = 5000 W ” g ‫ﻧﺤﺎﺳـﻴﺔ‬ ‫آﺎﺑﻼت‬ “ NYY ” ‫واﻟـﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤـﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ “ 12 m ” . g ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ‬ “ E ” ‫اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ، “ k = 0.85 ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ “ SN = ½ SPh ” . g ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎرات‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮي‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫آﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺤﺎس‬ “ 2 m ” ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ذات‬ “ 400 mm2 ” ‫ﻟﻠﻄﻮر‬ . g ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈـﺎم‬ “ TN – S ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ذو‬ “ 50 mm2 ” . ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 8. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٨/٦٦ Í ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺼﻞ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ : In = 580 A ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ : Ir ≤ 580 A Í ً ‫ﺎ‬‫وأﻳﻀـ‬ : Iz = 580 ÷ 0.85 = 683 A Í ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻤﻮرة‬ ‫ﻏـﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : SPh = 2 x 185 mm2 Iz = 2 x 364 = 728 A ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ SN = 2 x 95 mm2 ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 9. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٩/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺪوﺛـﻬـﺎ‬ ‫وأﻣﻜـﻨـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻳـﻮﺟـﺪ‬ “ ‫أﻧـﻮاع‬ ‫أرﺑـﻊ‬ ” ‫وهﻲ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟـﺪارة‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : g ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺼـﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ “ 3 Phs S.C. ” . g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻃـﻮرﻳـﻦ‬ “ Ph to Ph S.C. ” . g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ “ Ph to N S.C. ” . g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ Ph to PE S.C. ” . Í ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫وﻟﻜـﻦ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬ ‫أي‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪث‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤـﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪث‬ ‫ﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ “ ‫ﺑـﺪاﻳـﺔ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻬـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ” ‫اﻟﺪراﺳـﺔ‬ ‫أﺛـﻨﺎء‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺧﺬ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ . ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 10. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٠/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺪوﺛـﻬـﺎ‬ ‫وأﻣﻜـﻨـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ : ) 2 ( Í ‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟـﻘـﺼﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ” ‫ﺑـ‬ ‫ﺗﺘـﻌـﻠﻖ‬ : g ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤﻠـﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺔ‬ ” ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ “ Zsc ” . g ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺘـﻮﺗـﺮ‬ ” ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ “ U ” ‫أو‬ “ V ” . ‫ﻳﻠـﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻨـﺎ‬ : ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 11. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١١/٦٦ Í ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻜـﻮن‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ “ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﻴﺎر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻤـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺼـﺮ‬ - Isc max ” ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ - 3 Phs ” ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫أﻗﺮب‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ . Í ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻜـﻮن‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ “ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﻴﺎر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫أﺻ‬ ‫ﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻐ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺮﻳـﺔ‬ - Isc min ” ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ “ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ” ‫أو‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ” ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫أﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ . a ‫اﻵﻟـﺔ‬ L1 L2 L3 N PE ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ a ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 12. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٢/٦٦ ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺳـﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎ‬ : Í ‫ﻷن‬ ً ‫ا‬‫ﻧﻈـﺮ‬ ‫أآـﺒـﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨـﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛـﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳـﺴـﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻌـﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ “ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ . Í ‫ﻷن‬ ً ‫ا‬‫ﻧﻈـﺮ‬ ‫أﺻـﻐـﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨـﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳـﺴـﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ . ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ : ) 4 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 13. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٣/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣـﺔ‬ - ρ ” ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗـﻞ‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ّد‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺣ‬ “ IEC 909 ” ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗـﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ “ + 20 °C ” ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘـﻴﻢ‬ : g ‫ﻧـﺤـﺎس‬ : ρo = 18.51 ) Ω.mm2 / km ( ‫أو‬ ) mΩ.mm2 / m ( g ‫أﻟﻤﻨـﻴﻮم‬ : ρo = 29.41 ) Ω.mm2 / km ( ‫أو‬ ) mΩ.mm2 / m ( Í ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎو‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺬآﻮرة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫إرﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﻋـﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋـﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋـﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﺰداد‬ “ + 75 °C ” ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎزل‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ “ PVC ” : g ‫أﻟﻤﻨﻴﻮم‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺎس‬ : ρ1 = 1.23 x ρo ) Ω.mm2 / km ( ‫أو‬ ) mΩ.mm2 / m ( ‫ﻣﻘﺪارهﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﻳـﺎدة‬ ‫أي‬ “ 25 % ” ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒـ‬ . ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻤـﻘـﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟـﻨـﻮﻋـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 14. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٤/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣـﺔ‬ - ρ ” ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗـﻞ‬ : ) 2 ( ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ، ‫ذآﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺷـﺎرة‬ ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ – Isc max ” ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎدهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ “ ρo ” ‫ﻟﻤﻌـﺮﻓـﺔ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫أآـﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ . Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ – Isc min ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ – Id ” ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎدهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ “ ρ1 ” ‫ﻟﻤﻌـﺮﻓـﺔ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫أﺻﻐـﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎرات‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ – ∆V ” ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎدهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ “ ρ1 ” ‫ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫أآـﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻤـﻘـﺎوﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟـﻨـﻮﻋـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 15. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٥/٦٦ ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻬ‬ ‫ﺸـﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﻴﺮة‬ ‫اﻟـﺪارات‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻄـﺎل‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻷرﺿـﻴﺔ‬ ) ♣ ( ” ‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻃـﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ – Magnetic Relay ” ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ة‬ . Í ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Im ” ‫ﻷﺟـﻞ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﺤــﻮﻻت‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴـﺰات‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮﻋﺎت‬ . ♣ : ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒـﻌ‬ . East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 16. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٦/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc min I ” : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﻳـﺘـﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ” ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫آﻼ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘـﺒﺎر‬ “ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ” ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬـﺎﻳﺔ‬ . g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘـﺒﺎر‬ “ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ” ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬـﺎﻳﺔ‬ . ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ : ‫ﻣﻨـﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺛـﻢ‬ . Isc min V Zsc = ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 2 ( Cmin . East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 17. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٧/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc min I ” : ) 2 ( g ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ : © “ V ” : ‫ﻓـﺮاغ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴـﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄـﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗـﺮ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . © “ Zsc ” : ‫ﻟﻨﺎﻗﻠﻲ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ . © “ Cmin ” : ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫أﺛﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ “ 5 - 20 % ” . È ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻤـﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻨﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ : © ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺧـﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓـﺔ‬ . © ‫ﻧ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺄﺧﺬ‬ ‫اﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫اﻷرﺿﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﺑﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫آﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬ “ TT ” . ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 18. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٨/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﻤـﺤــﻮﻻت‬ : g ‫ﻳﺤﺴـ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤـﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻄﻞ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫أﺣـﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮى‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫وﺟـﻮد‬ ‫اﻋـﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫أﺣـﺪ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﻟﺨـﺎرﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎرات‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟـﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤـﺘﻮﺳ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻮﺗـﺮ‬ ‫ﺷــﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘـﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﻴـﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘـﻢ‬ ، ‫ـﻂ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟـﻌـﻴﺎر‬ - Im ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ : È ، ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫إﻋـﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﺄآ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻹﻋ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﺎر‬ “ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺢ‬ ” ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻘـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪدة‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻈﺎم‬ “ IEC 947-2 ” ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ “ ± 20 % ” . Im ≤ Isc min ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 4 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 19. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ١٩/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﺘـﺠـﻬـﻴـﺰات‬ : g ‫اﻋـ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺴـﺐ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬ ، ‫اﻷﺻـﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫اﻷﻃ‬ ‫أﺣـﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻄﻞ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻷﻃـﻮار‬ ‫أﺣـﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼـﺮى‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫وﺟـﻮد‬ ‫ـﻮار‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟـﻌـﻴﺎر‬ - Im ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ : È ، ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫إﻋـﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﺄآ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﺧـﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻹﻋ‬ ‫ﻴﻦ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﺎر‬ “ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺢ‬ ” ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻘـﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪدة‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻈﺎم‬ “ IEC 947-2 ” ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ “ ± 20 % ” . Im ≤ Isc min ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 5 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 20. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٠/٦٦ ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺼﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬ ‫إﺗﻤﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ : ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 θ ( °C ) R ( mΩ ) X ( mΩ ) ‫اﻟﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ---- 0.064 0.314 ---- ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬ Sec 1 ---- 4.95 15.21 ---- ‫اﻟﻤـﺤـﻮﻟــﺔ‬ Sec 2 20 °C 0.61 75 °C 0.75 0.48 12 m ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 2 x 185 mm2 Sec 3 20 °C 1.17 75 °C 1.44 0.48 12 m ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 2 x 95 mm2 ---- 0 0.15 ---- ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ 75 °C 0.11 0.30 2 m ‫اﻟﺒﺎرات‬ 400 mm2 Sec 4 20 °C 4.45 75 °C 5.48 0.96 12 m ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” 50 mm2 ---- East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 21. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢١/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : Zsc = 18.45 mΩ Isc min = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 18.45 Isc min = 9.97 kA Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻷرﺿﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : Zsc = 20.80 mΩ Id = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 20.80 Id = 8.85 kA ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 22. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٢/٦٦ ‫ﺑـﺄن‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨـﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : Í ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أي‬ ، ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ : Im ≤ 8.85 kA È ، ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫إﻋـﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﺄآ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ “ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺢ‬ ” ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ “ ± 20 % ” . ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 23. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٣/٦٦ ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻳـﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻘﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ – B. C. ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ – Isc max ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺛـﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ، : Í ‫ﻷﺟـﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﺤــﻮﻻت‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴـﺰات‬ . g ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮﻋﺎت‬ . B. C. ≥ Isc max East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 24. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٤/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc max I ” : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ - 3Ph ” ‫ﺑﺈﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ : g ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣـﻴﺚ‬ : © “ Uo ” : ‫ﻓـﺮاغ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﻮرﻳـﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . © “ Zsc ” : ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻬـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄـﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮع‬ . © “ Cmax ” : ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ “ 1.05 ” . È ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺧـﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧـﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻨﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ . Isc3 max Uo √3. Zsc = Cmax . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 25. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٥/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc max I ” : ) 2 ( Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ - 2Ph ” ‫ﺑﺈﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ : g ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣـﻴﺚ‬ : © “ Uo ” : ‫ﻓـﺮاغ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﻮرﻳـﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . © “ Zsc ” : ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻬـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄـﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮع‬ . © ” Cmax ” : ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ “ 1.05 ” . È ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺧـﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧـﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻨﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ . Isc2 max Uo 2 . Zsc = Cmax . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 26. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٦/٦٦ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗـﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴـﺎر‬ – sc max I ” : ) 3 ( Í ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ ‫أﺣﺎدﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ - Ph+N ” ‫ﺑﺈﺳـﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟـﺘـﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ : g ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣـﻴﺚ‬ : © “ V ” : ‫ﻓـﺮاغ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ . © “ Zsc ” : ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻬـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻄـﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻣﻤـﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠـﻤﻮع‬ . © “ Cmax ” : ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ “ 1.05 ” . È ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺧـﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧـﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻨﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫آﺎﻓـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ . Isc1 max V Zsc = Cmax . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 4 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 27. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٧/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﻤـﺤــﻮﻻت‬ : g ‫اﻷﻋـﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ “ Isc max ” ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤـﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ، ‫ﻗـﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ – B. C. ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ : È ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ “ Zsc ” ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ : ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬ + ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ + ‫ﻧﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎرات‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺑﻂ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ، ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫إهﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻪ‬ “ R = 0 , X = 0.15 mΩ/pole ” B. C. ≥ Isc max ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 5 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 28. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٨/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟـﺘـﺠـﻬـﻴـﺰات‬ : g ‫اﻷﻋـﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ “ Isc max ” ‫ﺑﺈﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺮج‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐـﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬ ‫ـﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ – B. C. ” ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ : È ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ “ Zsc ” ‫اﻟﺘﻐـﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫وﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ‫آﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫وﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼـﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌـﺎت‬ . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 6 ( B. C. ≥ Isc max East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 29. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٢٩/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳـﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : g ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ‬ ) Tr : ( Zsc = 16.31 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 400 ÷ ( √ 3 x 16.31 ) Isc3 max ( Tr ) = 14.89 kA g ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ‬ ) CB ( : Zsc = 17.10 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 400 ÷ ( √ 3 x 17.10 ) Isc3 max ( CB ) = 14.19 kA ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 30. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٠/٦٦ ‫ﺑـﺄن‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ : B. C. ≥ 14.19 kA ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 31. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣١/٦٦ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ّﺮ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺗﻐـ‬ : Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺪد‬ “ IEC 947-2 ” ‫ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ “ θ ≤ + 40 °C ” ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺤﺎس‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻷن‬ ً ‫ا‬‫وﻧﻈﺮ‬ ، “ ρ ” ‫ﻟـﺬا‬ ، ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺰاﻳﺪ‬ : g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ “ θ > + 40 °C ” ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫ﺗﺘـﻨﺎﻗﺺ‬ . Í ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮآﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻤﺬآﻮر‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒﻌ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒﻌـ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫ﻟﺪرﺟﺎت‬ : “ Temperature Derating ” ٥ - ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ “ n I ” : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 32. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٢/٦٦ Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ – In ” ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ، ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ : g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳـﺪ‬ “ Ir ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫ﻟﺪرﺟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻘـﺪﻳـﺮ‬ “ θ ” ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﺟﺪهﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺳـﻴﺮآﺐ‬ . g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ّﺮ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺗﻐـ‬ ‫ﺟـﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ “ Temperature Derating ” ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳـﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺨـﺘﺎر‬ “ In ” . g ‫اﻟﻌـﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺘـﺄآـﺪ‬ : ٥ - ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ “ n I ” : ) 2 ( In ≥ Ir East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 33. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٣/٦٦ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻄـﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳـﺘـﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ : Ir = 580 A Í ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫اﻋﺘـﺒﺎر‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺪود‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن‬ “ θ = + 65 °C ” ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ “ 580 A ” ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ . Í ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻮدة‬ “ Temperature Derating ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺤـﺪد‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺸـﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° 20 / 0.4 kV Tr. 400 kVA Ucc = 4 % 20 kV Supply 500 MVA Cu. 12 m B.B. Cu. 2 m CB 1 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 Sec 4 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.85 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 34. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٤/٦٦ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻻﺳ‬ ‫ﺎر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻤﺤ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻮﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ “ 400 kVA ” ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎوي‬ “ In(tr) = 580A ” ، ‫اﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ذو‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺘـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫اﺧﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫إن‬ “ 630 A ” ، ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺒ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪو‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘـﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻦ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻴـﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ “ θ = + 40 °C ” . g ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬا‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ θ = + 65 °C ” ‫ه‬ ‫ﻲ‬ “ 550 A ” ) ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﺎت‬ ( . ‫ﺑـﺄن‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ : Í ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬ ‫أﺻ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺖ‬ ‫أﺻ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻐ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻻﺳ‬ ‫ﻴﺎر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮﻟﺔ‬ “ In(CB) < In(Tr) ” . Í ‫وهﺬا‬ ‫ﺳـ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺆدي‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﻜﻤ‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺤﺮار‬ ‫ة‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺴ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺣﺪوث‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻄﺎل‬ . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 35. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٥/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺻـﻔﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺨـﺎرج‬ ‫ﻷﺣﺪ‬ : g ‫ﺣﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ‬ “ 3 Ph + N ” ‫ﺗﻮاﻓﻘﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺪون‬ . g ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ “ 35 kW , Cos φ = 0.80 ” g ‫اﻹﻗﻼع‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ “ Irush = 3In ” g ‫ﻧﺤﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫آﺎﺑﻞ‬ “ NYY ” ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺼـﻞ‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻮل‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ “ 175 m ” . g ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ‬ “ E ” ‫اﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ، “ k = 0.70 ” . g ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ‫هﺬا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ “ 4 % ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈـﺎم‬ “ TN – S ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ذو‬ “ 10 mm2 ” . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 36. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٦/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴـﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ : Ib = 64 A Í ‫ﻟﻶﻟـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ : Iz = 64 ÷ 0.7 = 91.5 A ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻤﻮرة‬ ‫ﻏـﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ : S = 25 mm2 Iz = 101 A Í ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸـﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ‫هﺬا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 37. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٧/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ‫هﺬا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : ΔU = √ 3 x I x Z X = λ x L = 0.08 x 175 = 14 mΩ R = 1.23 x ρ0 x L / S = 159.37 mΩ Z = √ 142 + 159.372 = 160 mΩ ΔU = √ 3 x 64 x 0.16 = 17.71 V ΔU = 4.4 % ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 38. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٨/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : ΔU = √ 3 x I ( R .Cos φ + X .Sin φ ) X = λ x L = 0.08 x 175 = 14 mΩ R = 1.23 x ρ0 x L / S = 159.37 mΩ ΔU = √ 3 x 64 ( 0.159 x 0.8 + 0.014 x 0.6 ) ΔU = 15.03 V ΔU = 3.95 % ‫ﻹﺧﺘﻴﺎرﻩ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻦ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺎﻗـﻞ‬ ً ‫ا‬‫إذ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻼع‬ . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 39. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٣٩/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻼع‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ : ΔU( rush ) = 3 x 3.95 = 11.82 % ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫وهﺬا‬ “ S = 25 mm2 ” ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ . Í ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ 35 mm2 ” ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫هﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺠﺪ‬ ، ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺪدة‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺪى‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫هﻮ‬ : NYY 3 x 35 + 16 Iz = 126 A Í ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ : Ir = 80 A ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 40. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٠/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺼﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ : θ ( °C ) R ( mΩ ) X ( mΩ ) ‫اﻟﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ---- 0 0.15 ---- ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ Sec 5 20 °C 92.55 75 °C 113.85 14 175 m ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 35 mm2 Sec 6 20 °C 202.45 75 °C 249.05 14 175 m ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 16 mm2 20 °C 323.93 75 °C 398.43 14 175 m ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” 10 mm2 ---- East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 41. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤١/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ “ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ” : Zsc = 372.91 mΩ Isc min = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 372.91 Isc min = 0.49 kA Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ “ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ” : Zsc = 525.67 mΩ Id = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 525.67 Id = 0.35 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 42. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٢/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ : Im = 0.35 x 0.8 = 0.28 kA Im = 280 A Í ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄآﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫وﺑﻌﺪ‬ : Iruch ≤ Im ± 20 % ≤ Isc min ‫أي‬ : Iruch ≤ Im - 20 % Im + 20 % ≤ Isc min ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 43. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٣/٦٦ ° Cu. 175 m CB 2 Sec 5 Sec 6 Sec 7 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.70 Load P = 35 kW Cos φ = 0.80 Irush = 3 In B. B. Í ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ CB 2 ” ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ : Zsc = 17.57 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 400 ÷ ( √ 3 x 17.57 ) Isc3 max = 13.81 kA ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻲ‬ : B. C. ≥ 13.81 kA Í ‫اﻷﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘ‬ ‫ورد‬ ‫آﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ “ θ = + 65 °C ” . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 2 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 44. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٤/٦٦ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ CB 4 ” : Í ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ : Zsc = 31.14 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 400 ÷ ( √ 3 x 31.14 ) Isc3 max = 7.80 kA ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻲ‬ : B. C. ≥ 7.80 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 3 ( ° Cu. 35 m CB 3 Sec 8 Sec 9 Sec 10 ≈ NYY 3 x 35 + 16 B. B. ° CB 4 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 45. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٥/٦٦ Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤـﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ “ ‫اﻹﻏﻼق‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ – Icm ” ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗـﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃـﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ : ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ : g “ k ” : ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨ‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻌـﻠﻖ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﻤﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺴـﺒﺔ‬ “ R / X ” ‫اﻟﻨﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ “ R / L ” ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺸـﺒﻜﺔ‬ . È ‫اﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ “ R ‫و‬ X ” ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ً ‫ء‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺪارة‬ . ٦ - ‫اﻹﻏﻼق‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ “ cm I ” : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 Icm √2 . k . = Isc3 max k
  • 46. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٦/٦٦ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻹﻏﻼق‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ “ CB 4 ” : Í ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : Rsc = 24.244 mΩ Xsc = 19.554 mΩ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ : Rsc / Xsc = 1.23 ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ : k = 1.07 ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘـﺎﻟﻲ‬ : Icm = 1.07 x √2 x 7.80 Icm = 11.80 kA peak ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 3 ( ° Cu. 35 m CB 3 Sec 8 Sec 9 Sec 10 ≈ NYY 3 x 35 + 16 B. B. ° CB 4 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 47. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٧/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫وﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ، ‫ﻣﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮآﺐ‬ : g “ X″d ” : ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Subtransient Reactance ” g “ X′d ” : ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Transient Reactance ” g “ Xo ” : ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Steady-State Reactance ” Í ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮآﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻢ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪد‬ ‫ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫آﻨـﺴـﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫وﺗﺘﺮاوح‬ ، : g “ x″d ” : “ 20 % ” g “ x′d ” : “ 30 % ” g “ xo ” : “ 6 % ” Í ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻐﺮ‬ ً ‫ا‬‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ . ‫اﻟـﺘـﻮﻟـﻴـﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 1 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 48. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٨/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ، ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻌـﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ت‬ : g ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ X″d ” : g ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ X′d ” : g ‫اﻟﻤﺴـﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋـﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ “ Xo ” : ‫اﻟـﺘـﻮﻟـﻴـﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 2 ( X″d Un2 . x″d 100 . P = X′d Un2 . x′d 100 . P = Xo Un2 . xo 100 . P = East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 49. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٤٩/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣـﺠـﻤـﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 1 ( g ‫ﻗـ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫إﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ، ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫وﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ . g ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳـﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ : ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ : © “ Zsc ” : ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫دارة‬ ‫ﻧﻮاﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ + ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ “ Zo ” ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ “ Zo ” ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ : ٣ - ‫اﻟﺤـﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ : ) 6 ( Isc min .V Zsc = Cmin Zo = ( 2 . X′d + Xo ) / 3 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 50. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٠/٦٦ Í ‫ﺻـﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﺄة‬ ‫ﺗﻐـﺬي‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ . Í ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎت‬ : g ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ : © 500 kVA , 400 V , 50 Hz © x″d = 20 % , x′d = 30 % , xo = 6 % g ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺮآﺐ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻃﻊ‬ . g ‫ﺑﻄـﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌـﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺎﺳـﻴﺔ‬ ‫آﺎﺑـﻼت‬ “ 7 m ” . g ‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺐ‬ “ E ” ‫اﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ، “ k = 0.71 ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ “ SN = ½ Sph ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄرﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻧﻈـﺎم‬ “ TN – S ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ذو‬ “ 50 mm² ” . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 51. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥١/٦٦ Í ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺼﻞ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳـﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ : In = 720 A ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ : Ir ≤ 720 A Í ‫اﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ‬ : Iz = 720 ÷ 0.71 = 1014 A Í ‫أن‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﺎﺑﻼت‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻧﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮآﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : SPh = 3 x 185 mm2 Iz = 3 x 364 = 1092 A ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ SN = 3 x 95 mm2 ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 52. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٢/٦٦ ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( θ ( °C ) R ( mΩ ) X ( mΩ ) ‫اﻟﻄﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬ ---- 0 X″d = 64.0 ---- ---- 0 X′d = 96.0 ---- ---- 0 Xo = 19.2 ---- ---- 0 Zo = 70.4 ---- ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑـﺔ‬ ---- 0 0.150 ---- ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ “ CB 1 ” Sec 1 20 °C 0.237 75 °C 0.291 0.186 7 m ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 3 x 185 mm2 Sec 2 20 °C 0.455 75 °C 0.560 0.186 7 m ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ 3 x 95 mm2 ---- 0 0.150 ---- ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﺎﻃﻊ‬ Sec 3 20 °C 2.595 75 °C 3.196 0.56 7 m ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ “ PE ” 50 mm2 ---- ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 53. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٣/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : Zsc = 71.39 mΩ Isc min = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 71.39 Isc min = 2.57 kA Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻷرﺿﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ : Zsc = 74.00 mΩ Id = 0.8 x 230 ÷ 74.00 Id = 2.48 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 54. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٤/٦٦ ‫ﺑـﺄن‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨـﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ : Í ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫أي‬ ، ‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ : Im ≤ 2.48 kA È ، ‫اﻵﻟـﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺠ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫إﻋـﺎدة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﺄآ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ “ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺢ‬ ” ‫واﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ” ± 20 % ” . ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 55. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٥/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣـﺠـﻤـﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 1 ( Í ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧـﻪ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬ : g ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺪرة‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ . © ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ Isc3 max ” ‫ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ “ X″d ” . g ‫اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺪرة‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ . © ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫هﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ “ Isc3 max ” ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻋـﺘﺒـﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ‬ “ X′d ” . Í ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫آﻼ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ “ Isc3 max ” ‫وﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻐﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ “ Isc1 max ” ‫اﻷآﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ، . ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 7 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 56. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٦/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣـﺠـﻤـﻮﻋـﺎت‬ : ) 2 ( g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ : g ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫وﺣﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ : Isc3 max .V X″d = Cmax Isc1 max .V Z0 = Cmax Isc3 max .V X′d = Cmax East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 ٤ - ‫اﻟﻘـﻄـﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ : ) 8 (
  • 57. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٧/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ “ Subtransient - X″d ” : X″d = 64 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 230 ÷ 64 Isc3 max = 3.77 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 58. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٨/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻃﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺮة‬ “ Transient - X′d ” : X′d = 96 mΩ Isc3 max = 1.05 x 230 ÷ 96 Isc3 max = 2.52 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 59. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٥٩/٦٦ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاردة‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺳﺘﻨﺎد‬ : Í ‫ﻗـﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎدي‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ “ Steady-Stat – Zo ” : Zo = 70.4 mΩ Isc1 max = 1.05 x 230 ÷ 70.4 Isc1 max = 3.43 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 60. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٠/٦٦ Í ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﺳـﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ “ CB 1 ” : B. C. ≥ 3.77 kA ‫ﻣــﺜـــﺎل‬ : ) 1 ( ° ° 400 v / 50 Hz G. 500 kVA xd″ = 20 % Cu. 7 m CB 2 Sec 1 Sec 2 Sec 3 ≈ Correction Factor k = 0.71 G xd′ = 30 % xo = 6 % CB 1 East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 61. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦١/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ “ 2 - IEC 947 ” : g ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ” ± 10 % ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻹﺧﺘﺒﺎرات‬ ‫آﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮي‬ “ θ = + 40 °C ” . g ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮوﻟﻴﻬﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ “ θ > + 40 °C ” . g ‫درﺟﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮوﻟﻴﻬﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫ت‬ . g ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ : g ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ In > 63 A ” ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ “ t ≤ 2 hours ” . ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ” : ) 1 ( ‫اﻟﻌـﻴـﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﺎﻟـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟـﺰﻣـﻦ‬ In ≤ 63 A I ≥ 1.05 In ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﻋـﺪم‬ t = 1 hour In ≤ 63 A I = 1.30 In ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ t < 1 hour East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 62. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٢/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ “ IEC 898 ” : g ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ” ± 10 % ” . g ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻹﺧﺘﺒﺎرات‬ ‫آﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮي‬ “ θ = + 40 °C ” . g ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮوﻟﻴﻬﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮاري‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬ “ θ > + 40 °C ” . g ‫هﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ : g ‫اﻻﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ In > 63 A ” ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ “ t ≤ 2 hours ” . ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ” : ) 2 ( ‫اﻟﻌـﻴـﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺘـﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﺎﻟـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟـﺰﻣـﻦ‬ In ≤ 63 A I ≥ 1.13 In ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﻋـﺪم‬ t = 1 hour In ≤ 63 A I = 1.45 In ‫اﻟﻔﺼـﻞ‬ t < 1 hour East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 63. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٣/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ “ 2 - IEC 947 ” : g ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ” ± 20 % ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ّﺮ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺑﺘﻐـ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ . g ‫اﻟﻤﺬآﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪد‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ً ‫ا‬‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬـﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ‬ : © ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫زﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﻋﺎدﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ 40 Î 70 ms ” . © ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫زﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮى‬ ‫اﻟﺪارة‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ّدة‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣﺤ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ 10 Î 20 ms ” . © ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻃﻊ‬ “ 100 Î 500 ms ” . ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ” : ) 3 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 64. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٤/٦٦ Í ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤـﺎﻳـﺔ‬ “ IEC 898 ” : g ‫اﻷﻋﻈﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﺴـﺒﺔ‬ ‫هﻲ‬ ” ± 20 % ” . g ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬ ‫ّﺮ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺑﺘﻐـ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴـﺴـﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ . g ‫اﻟﻤﺬآﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺪد‬ ‫ﻓﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ، ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ً ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺒﻌ‬ ‫وهﻲ‬ : © “ B ” : ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ 3 - 5 Ir ” . © “ C ” : ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ 5 - 10 Ir ” . © “ D ” : ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ “ 10 - 20 Ir ” . ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻤﺎﻳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺷـﺮوط‬ “ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺮارﻳﺔ‬ ” : ) 4 ( East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 65. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٥/٦٦ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ‬ : 10 000 5 000 2 000 1 000 500 200 100 50 20 10 5 2 1 .5 .2 .1 .05 .02 .01 .005 .002 .001 .5 .7 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 20 30 50 70100 200300 t sec I / Ir 1.05 1.30 1.13 1.45 ‫اﻟﺤـﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﺮارﻳـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤـﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻐـﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4
  • 66. ‫اﻵﻟـﻴـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻃﻊ‬ ‫إﺧـﺘﻴـﺎر‬ ٦٦/٦٦ East Med / SE – Sy / Choix – V4 I t Ib Ir Iz BC I².t Cable Th. & Mag. Protections Isc Overload