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Quiz Chapter 6 and 7
Trade & Grade
Discuss Ch. 10 and 11 (Possibly 8)
2
Please write the last 5 of your W number.
You have 15 minutes
3
Please use different color pen/marker if you have it.
Write your Last 5 W# on “graded by” line
Mark correct answers in the left margin
Write total correct in upper right corner (i.e. 10/10)
4
1. A wine’s vintage is:
(a) The year the grapes
were harvested.
(b) The year the vines were
planted.
(c) The year the wine was
bottled.
(d) The year the wine was
5
2. Which of the following are major
considerations in deciding to sell
wine by the bottle?
(a) Cuisine and clientele.
(b) Regional preference for types of
wine.
(c) Staff capabilities.
(d) Availability of a cellar for long-
term storage
6
3. To increase wine sales, which of
these should the servers suggest?
(a) “Featured wines” as the guests
settle into their seats.
(b) Sparkling wines for special
occasions.
(c) Dessert wines, even when
guests decline dessert foods.
(d) All of the above.
7
4. This is the recommended
glass type for sparkling wines
and/or Champagne.
(a) Balloon glass
(b) Flute
(c) Goblet/saucer
(d) Tumbler
8
5. Breathing, as a term
associated with wine service,
applies to:
(a) White wines
(b) Sparking wines
(c) Dessert wines
(d) Red wines
9
6. As wine is poured for guests,
the server should hold the
bottle by the _____.
(a) Body
(b) Neck
(c) Punt
(d) Any of the above is okay, as
long as it doesn’t spill.
10
7. The most important step in
success-fully opening a wine bottle
is:
(a) holding the corkscrew at a 45-
degree angle to the bottle.
(b) holding the bottle from
underneath as the cork is removed.
(c) using steady pressure as the cork
is being removed.
(d) knowing what to do if something
goes wrong.
11
8. True or False? The wire cap
over a Champagne bottle is
known as a cage.
12
9. True or False? Wines sold by
the glass should be used
within 2 days of being opened.
13
10. True or False? Blush wines
are always made with red
grapes.
CHAPTER 10
MIXOLOGY, PART ONE
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
• Understand all drink components and their
relationship.
• Decide on the method, equipment ingredients
used for each drink.
• Know how ingredients are measured.
• Explain and demonstrate various mixing
methods.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
THIS CHAPTER WILL HELP YOU
A BRIEF
HISTORY OF
MIXOLOGY
• The origin of the word cocktail for a
mixed drink is unknown and may
have developed from several
historical events.
• In the art of mixology, the emphasis
is on quality.
• Spirits and garnishes are readily
available from all over the world.
ABOUT
MIXED
DRINKS
• The term mixed drink
includes any drink in which
alcoholic beverages are
mixed or added to one or
more nonalcoholic
ingredients.
• This includes cocktails,
highballs, tall drinks,
frozen drinks, coffee
drinks, and almost every
other bar product, with
the exceptions of a glass
of beer or wine or a
straight shot of whiskey
or brandy.
THE
STRUCTURE
AND
COMPONENTS
OF A MIXED
DRINK
• Mixed drinks share
characteristics; one of
these is a structure that is
typical of the drink.
• Each drink has a major
alcoholic ingredient, or
base, usually a spirit.
• The base determines
its character or
predominant flavor.
• Complementary
ingredients modify or
enhance that flavor.
DEVELOPING DRINK
RECIPES
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
• A successful
mixed drink is
based on
relationships
between the
ingredients.
• In addition to the
list of ingredients,
there are two
other factors
when creating a
drink:
• Taste
complexity
• Mixing-
difficulty
•
MEASURING
• There are various ways of
measuring liquor in a drink
recipe.
• The metered pour is
measured and dispensed
through a handgun or
through pourers that shut
off at the proper measure.
• A measured jigger is a tiny
measuring cup.
• The free-pour involves
turning the bottle with its
pourer cap in place upside
down for full-force flow.
MIXING METHODS
• To build a drink is to mix it step by step in the
glass in which it will be served.
• To stir a drink is to mix the ingredients by
stirring them with ice then straining.
• To shake a drink is to mix it by hand in a
shaker or using a mechanical mixer.
• To blend a drink is to mix it in an electric
blender.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
COMMON MIXOLOGY TERMS
• Broken Ice: Large cubes, chopped down.
• Long: Five measures or more of fluid.
• Pour: To add to the glass without straining.
• Rim: To coat the edge (rim) of the glass by moistening it.
• Short: Fewer than five measures of fluid.
• Smooth: Blended with ice.
• Spiral: A long coil of citrus peel.
• Straight Up: Undiluted; no ice or water added.
• Strain: To filter out ice and other solids.
• Twist: A piece of citrus peel, about 1½ to 2½ inches.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
DRINK FAMILIES
• A highball is a mixture of a spirit and a
carbonated mixer or water, served with ice in
a highball glass.
• Fruit juice drinks
• Mojito
• Bloody Mary
– Highballs can become tall; increase the amounts
of everything in proportion—except for the liquor,
which remains the same.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
LIQUOR
ON ICE
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
Spirits served over crushed
ice in a cocktail glass or
snifter instead of a rocks
glass are known as frappes.
Another type of drink built
in the glass consists of one
type of liquor served over
ice.
TWO-LIQUOR DRINKS ON
ICE
• Two-liquor drinks typically
combine a jigger of a
major spirit (whiskey, gin,
rum, brandy, vodka,
tequila) with a smaller
amount of a flavorful
liqueur (cordial), such as
coffee, mint, chocolate,
almond, anise, licorice.
Black Russian
(Vodka and Kahlua)
• It is always built in
the glass; it
contains little or no
mixer.
• Its traditional
glass bears its
name—a sturdy,
all-business
tumbler of 5 to 7
ounces.
OLD-FASHIONED DRINKS
COLLINSES, RICKEYS, BUCKS,
COOLERS, AND SPRITZERS
• Characteristics; Liquor, lemon juice, sugar,
soda, cube ice, maraschino cherry
garnish.
–Rickeys use lime instead of lemon and are a
shorter, drier drink.
–The term wine cooler is a combination of
wine plus fruit juice.
–When wine is made with white wine and
soda it is called a spritzer.
LAYERED DRINKS
• “Coffeepusher”is the literal
translation of the term
pousse-café.
• A layered drink made by
pouring ribbons of
different colored liquids
so that each remains
separate.
• The secret of layering is
to choose liqueurs of
differing density and to
“float” them in sequence
from heaviest to lightest.
• (A partial list is given in
Figure 10.6.)
COFFEE DRINKS AND HOT
LIBATIONS
• Many hot drinks can be traced
back to the centuries when they
supplied the only central heating
available.
• Restaurants have developed
specialty coffee drinks that double
as desserts.
• Drink menus will showcase them
and improve check averages during
cold-weather months.
SUMMING UP
• A mixed drink is any drink in which one
alcoholic beverage is mixed with other
ingredients.
• Drinks of similar structure and ingredients are
known as drink families.
• When creating a mixed drink, take into
account its taste complexity and the degree of
mixing difficulty it requires.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
CHAPTER 11
MIXOLOGY, PART TWO
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
• Explain and demonstrate methods of drink mixing, frozen
and ice-cream-based drinks.
• Understand how to prepare cocktails from families.
• Take drink orders accurately, fill them efficiently, and
train others to do so.
• Develop a suitable drink menu for a limited-menu bar.
• Create signature (specialty) drinks.
THIS CHAPTER WILL HELP YOU
MARTINI‒MANHATTAN
FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS
•Ingredients: Liquor, vermouth, and
garnish
• Glass: Stemmed cocktail, chilled.
• Mixing method: Stir.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
THE MARTINI‒MANHATTAN
FAMILY
• In a classic Martini, the liquor is gin, the
vermouth is dry, and the garnish is an olive or
a lemon twist.
• In a classic Manhattan, the liquor is whiskey,
the vermouth is sweet, and the garnish is a
cherry.
– The mixing method is straight-up, served in a
chilled, stemmed cocktail glass with no ice in the
drink itself.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
SOUR FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS
• Ingredients: Liquor, lemon or lime juice, and a
sweetener (“sweet, sour, and strong”).
• Glass: Sour or cocktail, chilled.
• Mixing method: Shake (or blend, or shake-
mix).
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
• Sours use lemon rather
than lime, have a garnish
of cherry and orange, and
are served in a sour glass
of about 4½ ounces.
• A sour made with egg
white or a mix containing
“frothee” gives the drink a
fizz topping.
• Other cocktails in this
family are the Daiquiri or
the Gimlet.
SOURS AND SWEET-AND-SOUR COCKTAILS
MIXING SOURS
• The Shake Method: Place the cup over the
glass and shake.
• The Shake-Mix Method: Substitute the mixer
can for the mixing glass.
• The Blend Method: Substitute the blender cup
for the shaker glass or mixer can.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
CLOSE-UP: THE MARGARITA
• One of the most popular drinks of the sour
family is the Margarita.
• It has three ingredients:
– Tequila.
– A flavorful liqueur.
– Citrus juice.
• It can be classified as a shake or blend-method drink.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
SOUR-RELATED DRINKS
• Adding another basic
ingredient results in
another set of drinks.
• The Collins is simply a sour
with soda added, served
over ice in a tall glass.
• A fizz is much like a Collins
except that it is a shorter
drink, served in a highball
glass or a stemmed glass
of highball size.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
Cucumber Gin Fizz
Tom
Collins
SHOOTERS AND SHOTS
• These are small, straight-
up drinks, served in a shot
glass.
• This group of drinks is
considered a “family”
because it is defined by
the size of the drink, its
purpose, and the way it is
consumed.
• A straight shot of a spirit
may be ordered with a
chaser, something to
drink immediately after
the alcohol, such as beer
or water.
Kamikaze
(Vodka, orange liquor and lime juice)
TROPICAL DRINKS
• The collective term tropical drinks comprises
drinks originating in tropical resorts or in
restaurants with a tropical ambience.
–Tropical Drink Family Characteristics.
• Ingredients: Rum (occasionally brandy and gin), fruit
juices, liqueurs, syrups, coconut milk, fruit garnishes,
flowers, and fresh mint.
• Glass: Anything from a cocktail glass to a whole
coconut or pineapple.
• Mixing method: Shake (or blend or shake-mix).
DAIRY DRINK FAMILY
CHARACTERISTICS
• Ingredients: Liquor, sugar, milk, cube ice, and
nutmeg.
• Glass: Collins.
• Mixing method: Shake (or blend or shake-
mix).
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
CREAM DRINKS
• Cream drinks are smooth,
sweet, after-dinner drinks
made with cream and usually
served straight up in a cocktail
or Champagne glass.
• Cream Drink Family
Characteristics.
• Ingredients: Cream, and
one or more liqueurs or
a liquor-liqueur
combination.
• Glass: Cocktail or
Champagne, chilled.
• Mixing method: Shake
(or blend or shake-mix). Mudslide
OTHER DAIRY DRINKS
• These are usually long drinks
rather than cocktails.
• Milk punches use milk
instead of water and are
served either iced or hot.
• An additional egg drink is
the flip, a cold, straight-up
drink of sweetened liquor
or fortified wine that is
shaken with an egg and
topped with nutmeg.
Spiked Eggnog
(Brandy, Bourbon or Rum)
BLENDED AND
FROZEN DRINKS
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
• Blend crushed ice along
with the ingredients of
the drink until everything
is homogeneous and the
ice has refrozen to the
consistency of slush.
• The flavors will vary
according to which
fresh fruits, juices, and
packaged drink mixes
you use.
• These can be
combined with
crushed ice, ice cream,
frozen yogurt, and
sorbet.
ALCOHOL-FREE ALTERNATIVES
• Bottled water, tea, juice,
energy drinks, alcohol-
free beers, and other
nonalcoholic beverages,
are options for making
sophisticated and flavorful
mocktails.
• One way to jumpstart
the mocktail creation
process is to take your
existing lineup of
specialty drinks or
dessert drinks and
make and taste each
one without the
alcohol.
FILLING DRINK ORDERS
• Speed: Keeping up with the orders.
• Quality: Getting the drink to the customer at
its peak of perfection.
• Accuracy: Delivering the right drink to the
right customer.
• Bar shorthand—a standard set of
abbreviations for drinks, liquors, brand names,
mixes, and special garnishes.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
SEQUENCE OF FILLING ORDERS
1. Start frozen drinks and ice-cream drinks
2. Pour straight liquor drinks
3. Fix juice drinks and sours
4. Prepare cream drinks and hot drinks
5. Mix highballs with carbonated mixers
6. Pour draft beer and/or wine by the glass
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
DEVELOPING DRINK MENUS AND
SPECIALTY DRINKS
• An unlimited bar is one that serves the full
spectrum of drinks.
• The limited drink menu combines a few basic
ingredients using a skillful mix-and-match
technique.
• Signature cocktails are often the result of
brainstorming new drinks that match current
trends.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
PROMOTING YOUR WARES
• A successful promotion should be consistent
with your bar’s personality or concept, as well
as its clientele.
– Print collateral material:
• Table tents
• Individual drink menus
• Drink list on the dining menu
• A chalkboard
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
SUMMING UP
• The systematic development of drinks and a
drink menu provides you with performance
standards and products of consistent quality
and makes training easier.
• Standardization also facilitates accurately
pricing drinks, controlling costs, and cutting
losses, all of which enhance the profit picture.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
CHAPTER 8: BEER
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
• Understand the market trends affecting today’s brewing industry.
• Learn how beer is made and the role of each of its ingredients.
• Recognize and describe the various types and styles of beer.
• Learn how to take proper care of a draft-beer system and why each
step is important.
• Learn to properly store canned and bottled beer.
• Correctly choose and clean beer glasses.
• Sell beer profitably in a bar or restaurant setting.
• Train and motivate staff members to sell beer.
THIS CHAPTER WILL HELP YOU
A BRIEF HISTORY OF BEER
• Beer and bread together constituted the principal
items of the ordinary family diet for centuries.
– Two terms you will hear in conjunction with beer sales
today are on-premise and off-premise.
• On-premise sale means beer is sold and consumed on
the same site.
• When you buy beer to drink someplace else, this is an
off-premise sale.
STARTING SMALL: CRAFT BEERS
–A microbrewery makes 15,000 barrels of beer per
year and sells 75+ percent of its beer off-site.
–A brewpub is a combination restaurant and
brewery that sells 25 percent or more of its own
beer on-premise, with food.
–A regional brewery has annual beer production of
between 15,000 and 2 million barrels.
• Some regional breweries are hired as contract
brewers to make and market other private-label
brands for brewpubs.
TRENDS IN THE DOMESTIC
BEER MARKET
• A macrobrewery is a large, national or international
beer-manufacturing conglomerate with multiple
locations and an output of more than 500,000
barrels annually.
• Macrobrewers’ mainstream product lines now
appears on brewpub menus: lawnmower beers.
• To reinforce brand image, U.S. macrobreweries
spend millions of dollars for sponsorships to align
themselves closely with big events—which is called
event marketing.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
BEER-MAKING BASICS
• Beer is nine-tenths water, so quality is critical.
The term pH is used to describe the amount of
acidity in water. The best brewing pH level is
between 5.0 and 5.8.
• Malt is the word for barley that has been
placed in water, allowed to sprout, then dried
to stop germination.
– Wheat malts are made from half barley and half
wheat.
– The drying process is called kilning.
– The hops give beer its bitterness.
– Yeast converts sugar into alcohol.
• There are two categories of brewer’s yeast
–Ale yeast
–Lager yeast
– Adjuncts are rice and corn.
– Additives are used to stabilize foam,
prevent cloudiness, convert starch to sugar,
prolong shelf life, and/or adjust color.
BEER-MAKING BASICS
• Mashing, the first step, converts starches
into sugars.
–The barley malt is ground into grist, which is
fed into a container called a mash tun along
with hot water.
• Then the grain residue is strained out, and the
remaining liquid, now called wort, is conveyed
to the brew kettle.
THE BEER-MAKING PROCESS
• Brewing, the second step, is the process
of boiling the wort with hops.
• The third step, fermenting, or converting
the sugars into alcohol and CO2, begins
when yeast is added.
–Lager is referred to as bottom-fermented.
–Ale is referred to as top-fermented.
THE BEER-MAKING PROCESS
• Carbon dioxide creates the effervescence in
beer.
• In the late 1960s, Guinness brewers began
using nitrogen in addition to CO2.
–Nitrogen is an inert gas, colorless and odorless,
that creates smaller bubbles and less “gassiness”
in the beer.
–Nitrogenated beer is known for its smooth,
creamy consistency.
THE BEER-MAKING PROCESS
• Lagering, the fourth step, means storing or
conditioning.
–Beer and ale are matured in stainless-steel or
glass lined tanks called barrels.
–During lagering, some beers are given a small
additional amount of newly fermenting wort, to
add zest and carbonation by prompting a little
further fermentation. This process is called
krausening.
THE BEER-MAKING PROCESS
BEER PACKAGING
• After storage the beer is filtered and then
kegged, bottled, or canned.
–Kegs or half barrels (15½ gallons), provide bar
supplies of draft beer.
• Serving beer straight from the keg it was
brewed in is called cask-conditioned beer.
–It is a secondary fermentation of the beer that
involves adding some yeast and priming wort to
the wooden cask.
–Beer is served directly from a cask, called a firkin.
BEER PACKAGING
• Anheuser-Busch InBev “aluminum bottle”
works well for events at which glass
containers are not permitted.
–It is also resealable and recyclable. In Asian
markets, where aluminum bottles were first
introduced, they are called bottlecans.
PASTEURIZATION
• Most canned and bottled beers are
stabilized by pasteurizing.
–This heating process kills bacteria and any
remaining yeast cells.
–The constant cold temperature is essential
to maintaining the quality of an
unpasteurized beer.
–A beer that’s been warmed & cooled again
is known as a bruised beer; it suffers a loss
in quality.
SELLING BEER
• Create a Beer List
• On-Premise Beer Promotions
• Private-Label Beers
– Contract brewing enables you to hire an
established brewery or microbrewery to make and
label beer for you.
• Mixing Beers
– A mixed pint is a blend of one beer with another
beer or even with some other type of drink.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
STORING BEER
• Freshness Dating
–A pull date indicates the date you should
pull it off your shelves if you have not
served it yet.
• Budweiser countered with a born-on date
(BOD), the date on which it was packaged, and
states that the beer is at its peak of freshness
110 days from the BOD.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
DRAFT-BEER SYSTEMS
• Direct draw is the term for serving
the beer directly from the keg, with a
line of 6 feet or less in length.
• In a long-draw system, the beer is
piped up to the faucets at the bar.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
DRAFT-BEER SYSTEMS
• The traditional beer system includes one or more
kegs of beer, a cylinder of CO2 with a pressure gauge
(also called a regulator), a tap (faucet), heavy-duty
lines (nylon or vinyl hoses) running from the CO2
cylinder to the keg and from the keg to the tap, and a
refrigerated beer box or remote cooler to store the
keg.
• Connecting the lines to the kegs is called tapping.
– See Figure 8.12
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
DRAFT-BEER SYSTEMS
• A popular alternative to the use of
straight CO2 is a blended-gas or mixed-
gas system, which collects nitrogen (N2)
from the air and mixes it in a preset ratio
with CO2.
• Mixed-gas canisters that already contain
both N2 and CO2 in preset amounts are
available. (Blended gas made for this
purpose is also called beer gas.)
SERVING BEER
• Dependent on several factors
–The condition of the glass, a beer-clean glass is
completely grease-free, film-free, and lint-free.
• The correct temperature of the beer.
–A lager style beer is served at 40°F (4°C). Ales may
be served at 45°F (7°C).
–Stouts, porters, and bock beers are usually chilled
only lightly.
POURING BEER
• The way the beer is poured.
–The head is a collar of firm, dense foam
reaching slightly above the top of the glass.
–It is the beer’s natural way of releasing
excess CO2.
–The head is a total of ¼ to 1 inch thick and
should be tight, made of tiny bubbles
instead of large ones.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
BEER GLASSWARE
• The traditional British 20-ounce pint glass is called a
nonik or a tulip pint, which has slightly smoother
sides than the nonik.
• The nonfooted pilsner glass is called a pils, a vase, or
a weizen glass.
• Belgian ales and Scottish ales may be served in
short-stemmed, wide-bottomed glasses that look
like brandy snifters; they are also known as thistles.
• The all-around beer glass most often seen in U.S.
restaurants is called an hourglass.
TYPES OF BEER
• Lagers made by macrobreweries are
generally either standard or premium.
–The difference is the amount of adjuncts, or
filler-type grains, used in the blend: up to 40
percent rice or corn in standard lagers, and
up to 25 percent rice or corn in premium
lagers.
• There are several major sub-classifications; see
Figure 8.6.
LAGER-BEER STYLES AND
PRODUCTS
• Pilsner, which is also spelled Pilsener and
sometimes shortened to pils, is named
after the village of Pilsen in the Czech
Republic.
–A lively, mild, dry, light-bodied, amber
colored, thirst-quenching liquid.
• Malt liquors are lager beers with higher
alcohol contents than pilsners.
LAGER-BEER STYLES AND
PRODUCTS
• Malternative is a subcategory of flavored, malt-
based alcoholic beverages, sometimes also known
as alco-pops for their sweet fruit flavors and their
appeal to a young crowd raised on soft drinks.
– AKA ready-to-drink (RTD)
since they are presented as
prepackaged “cocktails” that
can be consumed as is,
without mixing in other liquids.
• Bock beers are traditionally strong, usually dark
lagers with a high alcohol content and a full, malty,
sweet flavor.
– Doppelbocks (double bocks) produce a strong, rich beer.
– Eisbock is made by freezing the beer during the brewing
process, then removing the ice crystals and lagering the
beer before bottling.
• Steam beer is a truly American invention.
– It combines the bottom fermentation of lager beer with
the higher fermenting temperatures of ale.
LAGER-BEER STYLES AND
PRODUCTS
ALE STYLES AND PRODUCTS
• Ales have a characteristic fruity flavor
that comes from the quicker, warmer
top-fermentation process.
–In wheat beer the yeast shows up as
sediment that leaves the beer cloudy.
• A few imported wheat beers, labeled
krystal, have been filtered for clarity.
–“Ale Family Tree” is shown in Figure 8.8.
ALE STYLES AND PRODUCTS
• Pale ale is a type of bitter. American-made
bitter is a hearty, hoppy brew often labeled
India Pale Ale (IPA).
• Trappist describes the source of these Belgian
ales rather than a particular style.
–Belgian breweries make their own excellent
versions of the Trappist-made ales.
–Collectively these are known as abbey beers or
abbey ales.
ALE STYLES AND PRODUCTS
• Altbier, which means “old beer” in German, is a
beer made with traditional Rhineland brewing
methods.
– This beer is a cross between an ale and a lager, with a
copper color and a very hoppy flavor.
• Barleywine, both English and American versions,
has a strong, intense malt flavor and noticeable
bitterness.
– It is the thickest, richest, strongest type of ale, with an
alcohol content of 8 to 12 percent by volume.
ALE STYLES AND PRODUCTS
• Porter is a dark, bittersweet brew. Its dark
brown color and distinctive bitterness come
from the use of roasted, unmalted barley.
• A stout is a fuller-flavored, aromatic, creamy,
and dark brown to almost black in color
porter.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
HYBRIDS AND SPECIALTY BEERS
• Lambic beer is a wheat beer.
– Dry and sharply acidic, it is used as the base for
adding fruit to make summer beers laced with
peaches, cherries, apricots, raspberries, or honey.
– European imports sometimes use strains of yeast
that impart spicy or fruity flavors, and are wild-
fermented—that is, exposed for long time periods
to natural “wild” yeasts in the air.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
• Blonde beers are light- to medium-bodied,
and contain less alcohol and less hop
bitterness than true pilsners and ales.
– They are all-malt products, made only with barley
and very little wheat. They are viewed as starter
beers.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
HYBRIDS AND SPECIALTY BEERS
SUMMING UP
• Employees should be well trained, not only in
brewing methods and flavor profiles, but in the
behind-the-scenes effort it takes to pour a
consistently top quality product.
• This involves how to operate and care for a beer
system, how to wash and chill glasses, how to
rotate stock, how to pour beer, and how to use
beer in cooking and beer-based cocktails.
© 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
Complete Paper
Don’t forget the potluck!!
87
88
Date Class Discussion Assignment
11/1
DUE: Ch. 5 Review Questions (Points to Ponder)
Ch 13 &14 Quiz
Chapter 12 Discussion – Employee Management (Overview)
Chapter 05 Discussion – The Beverages: Spirits
Read Ch. 6 & 7,
Review Questions
11/8
DUE: Ch. 6 & 7 Review Questions (Points to Ponder)
Ch. 05 & 12 Quiz
Chapter 06 Discussion – Wine Appreciation
Chapter 07 Discussion – Wine Sales and Service
Last Day to Withdraw (11/1)
Read Ch. 10 & 11,
Review Questions
11/15
DUE: Ch. 10 & 11 Review Questions (Points to Ponder)
Ch. 06 & 07 Quiz
Chapter 10 Discussion – Mixology, Part One
Chapter 11 Discussion – Mixology, Part Two
Complete Project
Paper due via email
before class!!
11/22
DUE: Course Project Part 1: Paper Due
Ch. 10 & 11 Quiz
Chapter 08 Discussion - Beer
Last Day of Instruction/Final Review
Potluck
Enjoy The Break!
11/29
Work on Presentation
and Study!!
12/6
DUE: Course Project Part 2: Presentation Due
Project Presentations
Presentation due via
email before
class…Study!
12/13
100 question Final Exam at 7:30am
(Comprehensive/Scantron Required)
(1) Scantron and (2) #2 Pencils Required
Take Care!
Beverage Management Course Schedule Revised
*****Subject to Change***** (Revised 10.31.2019)
Paper Due& Potluck 11/22/2019
Presentations Due
12/6 /2019
89

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Beverage Management - Mixology and Beers

  • 1. Quiz Chapter 6 and 7 Trade & Grade Discuss Ch. 10 and 11 (Possibly 8)
  • 2. 2 Please write the last 5 of your W number. You have 15 minutes
  • 3. 3 Please use different color pen/marker if you have it. Write your Last 5 W# on “graded by” line Mark correct answers in the left margin Write total correct in upper right corner (i.e. 10/10)
  • 4. 4 1. A wine’s vintage is: (a) The year the grapes were harvested. (b) The year the vines were planted. (c) The year the wine was bottled. (d) The year the wine was
  • 5. 5 2. Which of the following are major considerations in deciding to sell wine by the bottle? (a) Cuisine and clientele. (b) Regional preference for types of wine. (c) Staff capabilities. (d) Availability of a cellar for long- term storage
  • 6. 6 3. To increase wine sales, which of these should the servers suggest? (a) “Featured wines” as the guests settle into their seats. (b) Sparkling wines for special occasions. (c) Dessert wines, even when guests decline dessert foods. (d) All of the above.
  • 7. 7 4. This is the recommended glass type for sparkling wines and/or Champagne. (a) Balloon glass (b) Flute (c) Goblet/saucer (d) Tumbler
  • 8. 8 5. Breathing, as a term associated with wine service, applies to: (a) White wines (b) Sparking wines (c) Dessert wines (d) Red wines
  • 9. 9 6. As wine is poured for guests, the server should hold the bottle by the _____. (a) Body (b) Neck (c) Punt (d) Any of the above is okay, as long as it doesn’t spill.
  • 10. 10 7. The most important step in success-fully opening a wine bottle is: (a) holding the corkscrew at a 45- degree angle to the bottle. (b) holding the bottle from underneath as the cork is removed. (c) using steady pressure as the cork is being removed. (d) knowing what to do if something goes wrong.
  • 11. 11 8. True or False? The wire cap over a Champagne bottle is known as a cage.
  • 12. 12 9. True or False? Wines sold by the glass should be used within 2 days of being opened.
  • 13. 13 10. True or False? Blush wines are always made with red grapes.
  • 14. CHAPTER 10 MIXOLOGY, PART ONE © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 15. • Understand all drink components and their relationship. • Decide on the method, equipment ingredients used for each drink. • Know how ingredients are measured. • Explain and demonstrate various mixing methods. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved THIS CHAPTER WILL HELP YOU
  • 16. A BRIEF HISTORY OF MIXOLOGY • The origin of the word cocktail for a mixed drink is unknown and may have developed from several historical events. • In the art of mixology, the emphasis is on quality. • Spirits and garnishes are readily available from all over the world.
  • 17. ABOUT MIXED DRINKS • The term mixed drink includes any drink in which alcoholic beverages are mixed or added to one or more nonalcoholic ingredients. • This includes cocktails, highballs, tall drinks, frozen drinks, coffee drinks, and almost every other bar product, with the exceptions of a glass of beer or wine or a straight shot of whiskey or brandy.
  • 18. THE STRUCTURE AND COMPONENTS OF A MIXED DRINK • Mixed drinks share characteristics; one of these is a structure that is typical of the drink. • Each drink has a major alcoholic ingredient, or base, usually a spirit. • The base determines its character or predominant flavor. • Complementary ingredients modify or enhance that flavor.
  • 19. DEVELOPING DRINK RECIPES © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved • A successful mixed drink is based on relationships between the ingredients. • In addition to the list of ingredients, there are two other factors when creating a drink: • Taste complexity • Mixing- difficulty •
  • 20. MEASURING • There are various ways of measuring liquor in a drink recipe. • The metered pour is measured and dispensed through a handgun or through pourers that shut off at the proper measure. • A measured jigger is a tiny measuring cup. • The free-pour involves turning the bottle with its pourer cap in place upside down for full-force flow.
  • 21. MIXING METHODS • To build a drink is to mix it step by step in the glass in which it will be served. • To stir a drink is to mix the ingredients by stirring them with ice then straining. • To shake a drink is to mix it by hand in a shaker or using a mechanical mixer. • To blend a drink is to mix it in an electric blender. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 22. COMMON MIXOLOGY TERMS • Broken Ice: Large cubes, chopped down. • Long: Five measures or more of fluid. • Pour: To add to the glass without straining. • Rim: To coat the edge (rim) of the glass by moistening it. • Short: Fewer than five measures of fluid. • Smooth: Blended with ice. • Spiral: A long coil of citrus peel. • Straight Up: Undiluted; no ice or water added. • Strain: To filter out ice and other solids. • Twist: A piece of citrus peel, about 1½ to 2½ inches. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 23. DRINK FAMILIES • A highball is a mixture of a spirit and a carbonated mixer or water, served with ice in a highball glass. • Fruit juice drinks • Mojito • Bloody Mary – Highballs can become tall; increase the amounts of everything in proportion—except for the liquor, which remains the same. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 24. LIQUOR ON ICE © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved Spirits served over crushed ice in a cocktail glass or snifter instead of a rocks glass are known as frappes. Another type of drink built in the glass consists of one type of liquor served over ice.
  • 25. TWO-LIQUOR DRINKS ON ICE • Two-liquor drinks typically combine a jigger of a major spirit (whiskey, gin, rum, brandy, vodka, tequila) with a smaller amount of a flavorful liqueur (cordial), such as coffee, mint, chocolate, almond, anise, licorice. Black Russian (Vodka and Kahlua)
  • 26. • It is always built in the glass; it contains little or no mixer. • Its traditional glass bears its name—a sturdy, all-business tumbler of 5 to 7 ounces. OLD-FASHIONED DRINKS
  • 27. COLLINSES, RICKEYS, BUCKS, COOLERS, AND SPRITZERS • Characteristics; Liquor, lemon juice, sugar, soda, cube ice, maraschino cherry garnish. –Rickeys use lime instead of lemon and are a shorter, drier drink. –The term wine cooler is a combination of wine plus fruit juice. –When wine is made with white wine and soda it is called a spritzer.
  • 28. LAYERED DRINKS • “Coffeepusher”is the literal translation of the term pousse-café. • A layered drink made by pouring ribbons of different colored liquids so that each remains separate. • The secret of layering is to choose liqueurs of differing density and to “float” them in sequence from heaviest to lightest. • (A partial list is given in Figure 10.6.)
  • 29. COFFEE DRINKS AND HOT LIBATIONS • Many hot drinks can be traced back to the centuries when they supplied the only central heating available. • Restaurants have developed specialty coffee drinks that double as desserts. • Drink menus will showcase them and improve check averages during cold-weather months.
  • 30. SUMMING UP • A mixed drink is any drink in which one alcoholic beverage is mixed with other ingredients. • Drinks of similar structure and ingredients are known as drink families. • When creating a mixed drink, take into account its taste complexity and the degree of mixing difficulty it requires. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 31. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 32. CHAPTER 11 MIXOLOGY, PART TWO © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 33. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Explain and demonstrate methods of drink mixing, frozen and ice-cream-based drinks. • Understand how to prepare cocktails from families. • Take drink orders accurately, fill them efficiently, and train others to do so. • Develop a suitable drink menu for a limited-menu bar. • Create signature (specialty) drinks. THIS CHAPTER WILL HELP YOU
  • 34. MARTINI‒MANHATTAN FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS •Ingredients: Liquor, vermouth, and garnish • Glass: Stemmed cocktail, chilled. • Mixing method: Stir. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 35. THE MARTINI‒MANHATTAN FAMILY • In a classic Martini, the liquor is gin, the vermouth is dry, and the garnish is an olive or a lemon twist. • In a classic Manhattan, the liquor is whiskey, the vermouth is sweet, and the garnish is a cherry. – The mixing method is straight-up, served in a chilled, stemmed cocktail glass with no ice in the drink itself. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 36. SOUR FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS • Ingredients: Liquor, lemon or lime juice, and a sweetener (“sweet, sour, and strong”). • Glass: Sour or cocktail, chilled. • Mixing method: Shake (or blend, or shake- mix). © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 37. • Sours use lemon rather than lime, have a garnish of cherry and orange, and are served in a sour glass of about 4½ ounces. • A sour made with egg white or a mix containing “frothee” gives the drink a fizz topping. • Other cocktails in this family are the Daiquiri or the Gimlet. SOURS AND SWEET-AND-SOUR COCKTAILS
  • 38. MIXING SOURS • The Shake Method: Place the cup over the glass and shake. • The Shake-Mix Method: Substitute the mixer can for the mixing glass. • The Blend Method: Substitute the blender cup for the shaker glass or mixer can. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 39. CLOSE-UP: THE MARGARITA • One of the most popular drinks of the sour family is the Margarita. • It has three ingredients: – Tequila. – A flavorful liqueur. – Citrus juice. • It can be classified as a shake or blend-method drink. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 40. SOUR-RELATED DRINKS • Adding another basic ingredient results in another set of drinks. • The Collins is simply a sour with soda added, served over ice in a tall glass. • A fizz is much like a Collins except that it is a shorter drink, served in a highball glass or a stemmed glass of highball size. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved Cucumber Gin Fizz Tom Collins
  • 41. SHOOTERS AND SHOTS • These are small, straight- up drinks, served in a shot glass. • This group of drinks is considered a “family” because it is defined by the size of the drink, its purpose, and the way it is consumed. • A straight shot of a spirit may be ordered with a chaser, something to drink immediately after the alcohol, such as beer or water. Kamikaze (Vodka, orange liquor and lime juice)
  • 42. TROPICAL DRINKS • The collective term tropical drinks comprises drinks originating in tropical resorts or in restaurants with a tropical ambience. –Tropical Drink Family Characteristics. • Ingredients: Rum (occasionally brandy and gin), fruit juices, liqueurs, syrups, coconut milk, fruit garnishes, flowers, and fresh mint. • Glass: Anything from a cocktail glass to a whole coconut or pineapple. • Mixing method: Shake (or blend or shake-mix).
  • 43. DAIRY DRINK FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS • Ingredients: Liquor, sugar, milk, cube ice, and nutmeg. • Glass: Collins. • Mixing method: Shake (or blend or shake- mix). © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 44. CREAM DRINKS • Cream drinks are smooth, sweet, after-dinner drinks made with cream and usually served straight up in a cocktail or Champagne glass. • Cream Drink Family Characteristics. • Ingredients: Cream, and one or more liqueurs or a liquor-liqueur combination. • Glass: Cocktail or Champagne, chilled. • Mixing method: Shake (or blend or shake-mix). Mudslide
  • 45. OTHER DAIRY DRINKS • These are usually long drinks rather than cocktails. • Milk punches use milk instead of water and are served either iced or hot. • An additional egg drink is the flip, a cold, straight-up drink of sweetened liquor or fortified wine that is shaken with an egg and topped with nutmeg. Spiked Eggnog (Brandy, Bourbon or Rum)
  • 46. BLENDED AND FROZEN DRINKS © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Blend crushed ice along with the ingredients of the drink until everything is homogeneous and the ice has refrozen to the consistency of slush. • The flavors will vary according to which fresh fruits, juices, and packaged drink mixes you use. • These can be combined with crushed ice, ice cream, frozen yogurt, and sorbet.
  • 47. ALCOHOL-FREE ALTERNATIVES • Bottled water, tea, juice, energy drinks, alcohol- free beers, and other nonalcoholic beverages, are options for making sophisticated and flavorful mocktails. • One way to jumpstart the mocktail creation process is to take your existing lineup of specialty drinks or dessert drinks and make and taste each one without the alcohol.
  • 48. FILLING DRINK ORDERS • Speed: Keeping up with the orders. • Quality: Getting the drink to the customer at its peak of perfection. • Accuracy: Delivering the right drink to the right customer. • Bar shorthand—a standard set of abbreviations for drinks, liquors, brand names, mixes, and special garnishes. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 49. SEQUENCE OF FILLING ORDERS 1. Start frozen drinks and ice-cream drinks 2. Pour straight liquor drinks 3. Fix juice drinks and sours 4. Prepare cream drinks and hot drinks 5. Mix highballs with carbonated mixers 6. Pour draft beer and/or wine by the glass © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 50. DEVELOPING DRINK MENUS AND SPECIALTY DRINKS • An unlimited bar is one that serves the full spectrum of drinks. • The limited drink menu combines a few basic ingredients using a skillful mix-and-match technique. • Signature cocktails are often the result of brainstorming new drinks that match current trends. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 51. PROMOTING YOUR WARES • A successful promotion should be consistent with your bar’s personality or concept, as well as its clientele. – Print collateral material: • Table tents • Individual drink menus • Drink list on the dining menu • A chalkboard © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 52. SUMMING UP • The systematic development of drinks and a drink menu provides you with performance standards and products of consistent quality and makes training easier. • Standardization also facilitates accurately pricing drinks, controlling costs, and cutting losses, all of which enhance the profit picture. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 53. CHAPTER 8: BEER © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 54. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved • Understand the market trends affecting today’s brewing industry. • Learn how beer is made and the role of each of its ingredients. • Recognize and describe the various types and styles of beer. • Learn how to take proper care of a draft-beer system and why each step is important. • Learn to properly store canned and bottled beer. • Correctly choose and clean beer glasses. • Sell beer profitably in a bar or restaurant setting. • Train and motivate staff members to sell beer. THIS CHAPTER WILL HELP YOU
  • 55. A BRIEF HISTORY OF BEER • Beer and bread together constituted the principal items of the ordinary family diet for centuries. – Two terms you will hear in conjunction with beer sales today are on-premise and off-premise. • On-premise sale means beer is sold and consumed on the same site. • When you buy beer to drink someplace else, this is an off-premise sale.
  • 56. STARTING SMALL: CRAFT BEERS –A microbrewery makes 15,000 barrels of beer per year and sells 75+ percent of its beer off-site. –A brewpub is a combination restaurant and brewery that sells 25 percent or more of its own beer on-premise, with food. –A regional brewery has annual beer production of between 15,000 and 2 million barrels. • Some regional breweries are hired as contract brewers to make and market other private-label brands for brewpubs.
  • 57. TRENDS IN THE DOMESTIC BEER MARKET • A macrobrewery is a large, national or international beer-manufacturing conglomerate with multiple locations and an output of more than 500,000 barrels annually. • Macrobrewers’ mainstream product lines now appears on brewpub menus: lawnmower beers. • To reinforce brand image, U.S. macrobreweries spend millions of dollars for sponsorships to align themselves closely with big events—which is called event marketing.
  • 58. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 59. BEER-MAKING BASICS • Beer is nine-tenths water, so quality is critical. The term pH is used to describe the amount of acidity in water. The best brewing pH level is between 5.0 and 5.8. • Malt is the word for barley that has been placed in water, allowed to sprout, then dried to stop germination. – Wheat malts are made from half barley and half wheat. – The drying process is called kilning.
  • 60. – The hops give beer its bitterness. – Yeast converts sugar into alcohol. • There are two categories of brewer’s yeast –Ale yeast –Lager yeast – Adjuncts are rice and corn. – Additives are used to stabilize foam, prevent cloudiness, convert starch to sugar, prolong shelf life, and/or adjust color. BEER-MAKING BASICS
  • 61. • Mashing, the first step, converts starches into sugars. –The barley malt is ground into grist, which is fed into a container called a mash tun along with hot water. • Then the grain residue is strained out, and the remaining liquid, now called wort, is conveyed to the brew kettle. THE BEER-MAKING PROCESS
  • 62. • Brewing, the second step, is the process of boiling the wort with hops. • The third step, fermenting, or converting the sugars into alcohol and CO2, begins when yeast is added. –Lager is referred to as bottom-fermented. –Ale is referred to as top-fermented. THE BEER-MAKING PROCESS
  • 63. • Carbon dioxide creates the effervescence in beer. • In the late 1960s, Guinness brewers began using nitrogen in addition to CO2. –Nitrogen is an inert gas, colorless and odorless, that creates smaller bubbles and less “gassiness” in the beer. –Nitrogenated beer is known for its smooth, creamy consistency. THE BEER-MAKING PROCESS
  • 64. • Lagering, the fourth step, means storing or conditioning. –Beer and ale are matured in stainless-steel or glass lined tanks called barrels. –During lagering, some beers are given a small additional amount of newly fermenting wort, to add zest and carbonation by prompting a little further fermentation. This process is called krausening. THE BEER-MAKING PROCESS
  • 65. BEER PACKAGING • After storage the beer is filtered and then kegged, bottled, or canned. –Kegs or half barrels (15½ gallons), provide bar supplies of draft beer. • Serving beer straight from the keg it was brewed in is called cask-conditioned beer. –It is a secondary fermentation of the beer that involves adding some yeast and priming wort to the wooden cask. –Beer is served directly from a cask, called a firkin.
  • 66. BEER PACKAGING • Anheuser-Busch InBev “aluminum bottle” works well for events at which glass containers are not permitted. –It is also resealable and recyclable. In Asian markets, where aluminum bottles were first introduced, they are called bottlecans.
  • 67. PASTEURIZATION • Most canned and bottled beers are stabilized by pasteurizing. –This heating process kills bacteria and any remaining yeast cells. –The constant cold temperature is essential to maintaining the quality of an unpasteurized beer. –A beer that’s been warmed & cooled again is known as a bruised beer; it suffers a loss in quality.
  • 68. SELLING BEER • Create a Beer List • On-Premise Beer Promotions • Private-Label Beers – Contract brewing enables you to hire an established brewery or microbrewery to make and label beer for you. • Mixing Beers – A mixed pint is a blend of one beer with another beer or even with some other type of drink. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 69. STORING BEER • Freshness Dating –A pull date indicates the date you should pull it off your shelves if you have not served it yet. • Budweiser countered with a born-on date (BOD), the date on which it was packaged, and states that the beer is at its peak of freshness 110 days from the BOD. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 70. DRAFT-BEER SYSTEMS • Direct draw is the term for serving the beer directly from the keg, with a line of 6 feet or less in length. • In a long-draw system, the beer is piped up to the faucets at the bar. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 71. DRAFT-BEER SYSTEMS • The traditional beer system includes one or more kegs of beer, a cylinder of CO2 with a pressure gauge (also called a regulator), a tap (faucet), heavy-duty lines (nylon or vinyl hoses) running from the CO2 cylinder to the keg and from the keg to the tap, and a refrigerated beer box or remote cooler to store the keg. • Connecting the lines to the kegs is called tapping. – See Figure 8.12 © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 72. DRAFT-BEER SYSTEMS • A popular alternative to the use of straight CO2 is a blended-gas or mixed- gas system, which collects nitrogen (N2) from the air and mixes it in a preset ratio with CO2. • Mixed-gas canisters that already contain both N2 and CO2 in preset amounts are available. (Blended gas made for this purpose is also called beer gas.)
  • 73. SERVING BEER • Dependent on several factors –The condition of the glass, a beer-clean glass is completely grease-free, film-free, and lint-free. • The correct temperature of the beer. –A lager style beer is served at 40°F (4°C). Ales may be served at 45°F (7°C). –Stouts, porters, and bock beers are usually chilled only lightly.
  • 74. POURING BEER • The way the beer is poured. –The head is a collar of firm, dense foam reaching slightly above the top of the glass. –It is the beer’s natural way of releasing excess CO2. –The head is a total of ¼ to 1 inch thick and should be tight, made of tiny bubbles instead of large ones. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 75. BEER GLASSWARE • The traditional British 20-ounce pint glass is called a nonik or a tulip pint, which has slightly smoother sides than the nonik. • The nonfooted pilsner glass is called a pils, a vase, or a weizen glass. • Belgian ales and Scottish ales may be served in short-stemmed, wide-bottomed glasses that look like brandy snifters; they are also known as thistles. • The all-around beer glass most often seen in U.S. restaurants is called an hourglass.
  • 76. TYPES OF BEER • Lagers made by macrobreweries are generally either standard or premium. –The difference is the amount of adjuncts, or filler-type grains, used in the blend: up to 40 percent rice or corn in standard lagers, and up to 25 percent rice or corn in premium lagers. • There are several major sub-classifications; see Figure 8.6.
  • 77. LAGER-BEER STYLES AND PRODUCTS • Pilsner, which is also spelled Pilsener and sometimes shortened to pils, is named after the village of Pilsen in the Czech Republic. –A lively, mild, dry, light-bodied, amber colored, thirst-quenching liquid. • Malt liquors are lager beers with higher alcohol contents than pilsners.
  • 78. LAGER-BEER STYLES AND PRODUCTS • Malternative is a subcategory of flavored, malt- based alcoholic beverages, sometimes also known as alco-pops for their sweet fruit flavors and their appeal to a young crowd raised on soft drinks. – AKA ready-to-drink (RTD) since they are presented as prepackaged “cocktails” that can be consumed as is, without mixing in other liquids.
  • 79. • Bock beers are traditionally strong, usually dark lagers with a high alcohol content and a full, malty, sweet flavor. – Doppelbocks (double bocks) produce a strong, rich beer. – Eisbock is made by freezing the beer during the brewing process, then removing the ice crystals and lagering the beer before bottling. • Steam beer is a truly American invention. – It combines the bottom fermentation of lager beer with the higher fermenting temperatures of ale. LAGER-BEER STYLES AND PRODUCTS
  • 80. ALE STYLES AND PRODUCTS • Ales have a characteristic fruity flavor that comes from the quicker, warmer top-fermentation process. –In wheat beer the yeast shows up as sediment that leaves the beer cloudy. • A few imported wheat beers, labeled krystal, have been filtered for clarity. –“Ale Family Tree” is shown in Figure 8.8.
  • 81. ALE STYLES AND PRODUCTS • Pale ale is a type of bitter. American-made bitter is a hearty, hoppy brew often labeled India Pale Ale (IPA). • Trappist describes the source of these Belgian ales rather than a particular style. –Belgian breweries make their own excellent versions of the Trappist-made ales. –Collectively these are known as abbey beers or abbey ales.
  • 82. ALE STYLES AND PRODUCTS • Altbier, which means “old beer” in German, is a beer made with traditional Rhineland brewing methods. – This beer is a cross between an ale and a lager, with a copper color and a very hoppy flavor. • Barleywine, both English and American versions, has a strong, intense malt flavor and noticeable bitterness. – It is the thickest, richest, strongest type of ale, with an alcohol content of 8 to 12 percent by volume.
  • 83. ALE STYLES AND PRODUCTS • Porter is a dark, bittersweet brew. Its dark brown color and distinctive bitterness come from the use of roasted, unmalted barley. • A stout is a fuller-flavored, aromatic, creamy, and dark brown to almost black in color porter. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 84. HYBRIDS AND SPECIALTY BEERS • Lambic beer is a wheat beer. – Dry and sharply acidic, it is used as the base for adding fruit to make summer beers laced with peaches, cherries, apricots, raspberries, or honey. – European imports sometimes use strains of yeast that impart spicy or fruity flavors, and are wild- fermented—that is, exposed for long time periods to natural “wild” yeasts in the air. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 85. • Blonde beers are light- to medium-bodied, and contain less alcohol and less hop bitterness than true pilsners and ales. – They are all-malt products, made only with barley and very little wheat. They are viewed as starter beers. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved HYBRIDS AND SPECIALTY BEERS
  • 86. SUMMING UP • Employees should be well trained, not only in brewing methods and flavor profiles, but in the behind-the-scenes effort it takes to pour a consistently top quality product. • This involves how to operate and care for a beer system, how to wash and chill glasses, how to rotate stock, how to pour beer, and how to use beer in cooking and beer-based cocktails. © 2011 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved
  • 87. Complete Paper Don’t forget the potluck!! 87
  • 88. 88 Date Class Discussion Assignment 11/1 DUE: Ch. 5 Review Questions (Points to Ponder) Ch 13 &14 Quiz Chapter 12 Discussion – Employee Management (Overview) Chapter 05 Discussion – The Beverages: Spirits Read Ch. 6 & 7, Review Questions 11/8 DUE: Ch. 6 & 7 Review Questions (Points to Ponder) Ch. 05 & 12 Quiz Chapter 06 Discussion – Wine Appreciation Chapter 07 Discussion – Wine Sales and Service Last Day to Withdraw (11/1) Read Ch. 10 & 11, Review Questions 11/15 DUE: Ch. 10 & 11 Review Questions (Points to Ponder) Ch. 06 & 07 Quiz Chapter 10 Discussion – Mixology, Part One Chapter 11 Discussion – Mixology, Part Two Complete Project Paper due via email before class!! 11/22 DUE: Course Project Part 1: Paper Due Ch. 10 & 11 Quiz Chapter 08 Discussion - Beer Last Day of Instruction/Final Review Potluck Enjoy The Break! 11/29 Work on Presentation and Study!! 12/6 DUE: Course Project Part 2: Presentation Due Project Presentations Presentation due via email before class…Study! 12/13 100 question Final Exam at 7:30am (Comprehensive/Scantron Required) (1) Scantron and (2) #2 Pencils Required Take Care! Beverage Management Course Schedule Revised *****Subject to Change***** (Revised 10.31.2019)
  • 89. Paper Due& Potluck 11/22/2019 Presentations Due 12/6 /2019 89