1. RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2012
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Background
Materials and Methods
Results and Analysis
Conclusions
References
Acknowledgement
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G6
Guangya Wang, Jingli Luo*
Promoting Influence of Doping Indium into BaCe0.5Zr0.3Y0.2O3- δ on
the Chemical Stability, Sinterbility and Electrical Properties
 Enhance the chemical stability of BCZY
 Ensure high electrical conductivity
 Improve the sinterbility of BCZY
 Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can directly and high
efficiently convert chemical energy of hydrocarbon gases to
electricity [1].
 Proton conducting SOFCs (PC-SOFCs) is suitable to work at
intermediate temperature (500-700 oC), not only reducing
operating cost but also expanding space for selecting
potential materials [2].
 Proton conducting electrolyte domains ohmic resistance
and significantly affect cell performance [3].
 BaCe0.5Zr0.3Y0.2O3-δ (BCZY) have excellent electrical
conductivity, but is prone to decompose in acid gas [4].
 Indium is an ideal dopant to enhance chemical stability and
sinterbility of BCZY [1,2].
Objectives
Process routine
Characterization methods
Results and Analysis
Phase purity and crystal structure
Enhanced chemical stability
Desirable electrical properties
Improved sinterbility
SOFC application
Fig. 6 Shrinkage plots of different indium content BCZIY samples.
Porous anode support substrate
Thin electrolyte membrane
Porous cathode
Indium content Lattice parameters [Å]
Unit cell volume
[Å3]
x a b c V
0 6.009 8.543 6.121 303.24
0.05 5.961 8.325 6.005 291.20
0.1 5.442 7.935 5.878 247.67
0.2 5.228 7.632 5.668 216.36
𝛔 =
𝐀
𝐓
𝐞
−𝐄 𝐚
𝐊𝐓
Indium content
Electrical conductivity [Scm-1]
Ea [eV]
600 oC 650 oC 700 oC
0 7.7*10-3 8.3*10-3 1.4*10-2 0.57
0.05 3.7*10-3 4.8*10-3 6.2*10-3 0.84
0.1 9.1*10-3 1.2*10-2 1.6*10-2 0.48
0.2 0.4*10-3 1.3*10-3 2.1*10-3 0.89
Fig. 1 XRD spectra of powder calcined at (I) 850 oC for 6 h and (II) 1100 oC for 6 h
Table 1 Crystal structure parameters of samples with different indium content
Fig. 3 XRD spectra of BCZIY (In=0.1) after chemical stability test,
showing details between 20-60 o.
Fig. 4 Ahrrenius plots of different samples
Table 2 Conductivities and activation energy of different samples
tested at each temperature under humid H2 (H2O 3 vol%)
Fig. 5 SEM images of different indium content pellets sintered at 1500 oC for 8 h.
Fig. 2 XRD spectra of pellets before and after treatment under pure CO2 (+ H2O 3 vol%)
at 700 oC for 15 h, before: a 0, c 0.05, e 0.1, g 0.2; after: b 0, d 0.05, f 0.1, h 0.2.
The dense pellets were obtained by sintering at 1500 oC for 8 h.
Fig. 7 Configuration of anode support fuel cell with BCZIY (In=0.1) as electrolyte material
Fig. 8 (a) I-V cure and power density
variation with current density; (b) result
of electrochemical impedance spectra
(EIS) test; (c) stability test of fuel cell
under 650 oC fed by H2 (H2O 3 vol%)
 Chemical stability and sinterbility of BCZY can be increasingly enhanced by
doping increasing amount of indium.
 BCZIY with molar ratio of In at 0.1 showed the best electrical conductivity
(1.6*10-2 S/cm, 700 oC, H2 with H2O 3 vol%), compared with other doping
amount (0, 0.05, 0.2).
 BCZIY (In=0.1) exhibited promising potentials as electrolyte materials used in
PC-SOFC.
1. Fabbri, E., D. Pergolesi, and E. Traversa, Materials challenges toward proton-conducting
oxide fuel cells: a critical review. Chemical Society Reviews, 2010. 39(11): p. 4355-4369.
2. Magraso, A., et al., Development of Proton Conducting SOFCs Based on LaNbO4 Electrolyte -
Status in Norway. Fuel Cells, 2011. 11(1): p. 17-25.
3. Ishihara, T., H. Matsuda, and Y. Takita, DOPED LAGAO3 PEROVSKITE-TYPE OXIDE AS A
NEW OXIDE IONIC CONDUCTOR. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1994. 116(9):
p. 3801-3803.
4. Giannici, F., et al., Indium Doping in Barium Cerate: the Relation between Local Symmetry
and the Formation and Mobility of Protonic Defects. Chemistry of Materials, 2007. 19(23):
p. 5714-5720.
Ba(NO3)2
Ce (NO3)3.6H2O
ZrO(NO3)2.xH2O
In(NO3)3.yH2O
Y(NO3)3.6H2O
H2O
Glycine
Heat + stirring
Homogeneous
solution
H2O
evaporation
Combustion
BCZIxY
nano-
powder
X=0, 0.05,
0.1, 0.2
Calcine at 850
oC for 6 h
BCZIxY
powders
with
perovskite
structure
Spin
coatingAnode
support
fuel cells
 Phase structure was identified using a Rigaku
Rotaflex X-ray diffractometer with Co Kα and the
data was analyzed with Jade software.
 The morphologies, microstructures and grain size
were investigated by JEOL scanning electron
microscope (SEM).
 Thermal expansion properties were measured by
dilatometer, LINSIE Premium L750, Germany.
 Power density, open circuit voltage, and stability
of fuel cells were characterized by Solartron 1287.
(I) (II)
(a)
(c)
(b)