John Steinbeck was born in California in 1902 and came from a modern family. He attended Stanford University but did not graduate and moved to New York City in 1925 to become a freelance writer, though he failed and returned to California. Steinbeck began writing his novella Of Mice and Men in 1937, two years before World War II. The novella contains zoomorphic imagery and explores the theme of the American Dream during the Great Depression, when unemployment reached 23.6% and over 5,000 banks failed in the United States.