Running Head: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 1 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 1 Management Information System Student’s Name Institutional Affiliations Case Study 1 The first system is the AES which was launched through an open online course that was extensively developed. The system is designed to use AI technology used in the generation of both essays and short answers. In the event that the student submits the essay, they are awarded their scores. E-rater is another system designed with similar algorithms to search engines. This system was designed through a compilation of both computer programs and databases. The database stores the student’s answers which are then scanned by the computer program. To award marks, the student’s results are compared hand to hand with their past examinations. The third system is the Intelligent Essay Assessor which is designed to analyze the quality of contents submitted by students. Also, students can utilize this system to run analyses on their essays prior to submitting them (Laudon and Brabston,2012). Lastly is the EdXtool which is used for grading. After grading essays, tutors submit to this program which generates students scores. One of the benefits of automated essay grading systems is quick feedback. Other than saving time, the system spots plagiarized contents. Furthermore, the system is can be obtained cheaply since it is cost effective. Also, these systems use machine learning and are able to consistently grade students based on their initial performances. Nonetheless, they have limitations such as the inability to distinguish factual from fictious information (Laudon and Brabston,2012). Also, they are not incorporated with AES and can barely understand some concepts from novels and blogs. Some factor that must be considered when choosing the AES to use are technology, management and organization. Also, higher learning institutions must consider AES impacts on both graders and professors. Lastly, the system should be frequently checked for errors or glitches. Case Study 2 The implementation of data warehouse promoted the movement towards a centralized organization because of the implementation of single source, the ability to standardize and normalize data (Finkenbine and Mavinic, 2000). Furthermore, it became possible to move all the information from the old systems to the new systems. If the data for American Water was not clean, the end user would be disadvantaged based on the accuracy of information they received. Because of confusion, the employees would have to deal with reoccurring system errors. All these would lead to eventual destruction of the company’s values and decline in the profits. To improve operations and management decision making the organization in question carried out system upgrades (Finkenbine and Mavinic, 2000). These upgrades helped the management of American Water to improve its processes. Furthermore, they successfully improved their operations ...

1. Running Head: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
1
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 1
Management Information System
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliations
Case Study 1
The first system is the AES which was launched through an
open online course that was extensively developed. The system
is designed to use AI technology used in the generation of both
essays and short answers. In the event that the student submits
the essay, they are awarded their scores. E-rater is another
system designed with similar algorithms to search engines. This
system was designed through a compilation of both computer
programs and databases. The database stores the student’s
answers which are then scanned by the computer program. To
award marks, the student’s results are compared hand to hand
with their past examinations. The third system is the Intelligent
Essay Assessor which is designed to analyze the quality of

2. contents submitted by students. Also, students can utilize this
system to run analyses on their essays prior to submitting them
(Laudon and Brabston,2012). Lastly is the EdXtool which is
used for grading. After grading essays, tutors submit to this
program which generates students scores.
One of the benefits of automated essay grading systems is quick
feedback. Other than saving time, the system spots plagiarized
contents. Furthermore, the system is can be obtained cheaply
since it is cost effective. Also, these systems use machine
learning and are able to consistently grade students based on
their initial performances. Nonetheless, they have limitations
such as the inability to distinguish factual from fictious
information (Laudon and Brabston,2012). Also, they are not
incorporated with AES and can barely understand some
concepts from novels and blogs.
Some factor that must be considered when choosing the AES to
use are technology, management and organization. Also, higher
learning institutions must consider AES impacts on both graders
and professors. Lastly, the system should be frequently checked
for errors or glitches.
Case Study 2
The implementation of data warehouse promoted the movement
towards a centralized organization because of the
implementation of single source, the ability to standardize and
normalize data (Finkenbine and Mavinic, 2000). Furthermore, it
became possible to move all the information from the old
systems to the new systems.
If the data for American Water was not clean, the end user
would be disadvantaged based on the accuracy of information
they received. Because of confusion, the employees would have
to deal with reoccurring system errors. All these would lead to
eventual destruction of the company’s values and decline in the
profits.
To improve operations and management decision making the
organization in question carried out system upgrades
(Finkenbine and Mavinic, 2000). These upgrades helped the

3. management of American Water to improve its processes.
Furthermore, they successfully improved their operations by
implementing SAP system to enable client independence and
better system access for its employees.
Case Study 3
ARI became problematic because of the vast data that needed to
be processed. Also, the type of data that needed to be processed
resulted to a huge problem. In any case, it is hard for
organizations to process, manage, and maintain extremely huge
amount of data (Powell and Chandran, 2019). It proved harder
for the organization to update their inventory on a day to day
basis.
Based on the size of the organization and the amount of data
they process, they required power users who were equipped with
knowledge on querying and analyzing data. Based on the case
study, the company is forced to present their reports on
spreadsheets and charts. However, this impacted the company’s
business to a point where they can hardly benchmark the
company’s performance.
Needless to say, SAP HANA was the best solution for ARI. This
is because it put the company in a position where they could
conduct real-time operations. As a result, ARI was able to
improve both planning and optimization of their business
processes (Powell and Chandran, 2019). Also, with SAP HANA,
ARI was able to process vast amounts of data within a short
time period.
The adoption of SAP HANA by ARI advantaged the
organization since they were able to process large amounts of
data within short periods. Also, it made ARI dal with granular
data efficiently. Lastly, ARI benefited because they spent less
time to deliver processed data to relevant recipients.
Case Study 4
CMS is best explained as the management of the flow of data
with the objective of make the most of the supply chain and
revenues of an organization. The use of CMS will enable
Zappos to increase its revenue through quick and effective

4. delivery of its products.
Zappos stands to benefit from CRM because they can easily
invest on client relationship which shall result to customer
loyalty and retention (Laudon and Laudon, 2016). Also, through
timely delivery to its clients, Zappos will witness increase in its
revenue since clients can ship their orders freely and frequently.
Because they are ambitious, Zappos would be required to
implement SCM, CRM, and ERP so they can become a
connected organization (Laudon and Laudon, 2016).
Furthermore, implementation of the latter will enable the
company to make decisions easily since they have access to
every information that is relevant to its operations.
In the event that Zappos and Amazon merge, they shall enjoy a
win-win situation. It means that the organizations and their
clients shall equally share the same benefits and shortcomings.
Since Amazon experiences shipping problems during peak mail
seasons, Zappos will experience similar problems. Nonetheless,
Amazon will experience excellent customer support system,
courtesy of Zappos.
Lastly, for Zappos to improve customer satisfaction and its
supply chain, they ought to reinvest their profits into Amazon.
Also, they can adopt Amazon’s strategy of using drones o
supply its products to their clients.
References
Finkenbine, J. K., Atwater, J. W., & Mavinic, D. S. (2000).
Stream health after urbanization 1. JAWRA Journal of the
American Water Resources Association, 36(5), 1149-1160.
Laudon, K., Brabston, M. E., & Laudon, J. P.
(2012). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital
Firm, Seventh Canadian Edition, 7/e. Pearson Education
Canada.

5. What you
should know
about adult
depression
The Joint Commission is the largest health care
accrediting body in the United States that
promotes quality and safety.
Helping health care organizations help patients
What you should know about adult
depression was developed in collaboration with
SpeakUP
TM
Everybody feels blue or sad sometimes. Depression is
more than just feeling sad. When you are depressed you
lose interest in activities, and you may feel overwhelmed,
agitated or isolated. You may feel like things will never get
better. If you have these feelings for two weeks or longer,
you may be depressed.
Depression is a common, but serious condition. The good
news is that you are not alone and you can get better and
feel like yourself again. This brochure gives you information
about depression, questions to ask a doctor or therapist,
and advice on how to speak up if you or a loved one
needs help.
What are the warning signs of

6. depression?
q Feeling sad, down, irritable, nervous, or out of sorts
q Loss of interest or pleasure in almost all activities
q Feeling worthless, guilty, hopeless, or helpless
q Eating more or less than usual
q Difficulty thinking or making decisions
q Little or no interest in sex
q Low energy, tiredness
q Feeling restless or agitated
q Sleeping more or less than usual
q Withdrawal from others
q Talking about or having thoughts of death or suicide
American Psychiatric Association
www.psychiatry.org
Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance
www.dbsalliance.org
Mental Health America
www.mentalhealthamerica.net
NAMI: National Alliance on Mental Illness
www.nami.org
National Association of Psychiatric Health Systems
www.naphs.org
National Association of Social Workers
www.socialworkers.org
National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org
National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors
www.nasmhpd.org

7. National Institute of Mental Health
www.nimh.nih.gov
Get help now if you are thinking about suicide!
Call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
at 800-273-TALK(8255) or go to
www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org.
You can also call 911 or go to an emergency room.
The goal of the Speak Up™ program is to help patients become
more informed and involved in their health care.
Who can be affected by depression?
Depression can affect anyone at any age. The following
may put you at risk:
q Family history of depression, bipolar disorder, or
substance abuse
q Having another mental health condition, such as:
• Previous episode of depression
• Post traumatic stress disorder
• Anxiety disorder
• Alcohol and other substance abuse
q Stressful life events, such as divorce, job loss or
the death or illness of someone close to you; even
positive events such as a baby, marriage, graduation,
or new job
q Trauma, such as childhood neglect or abuse,
experiencing or witnessing violence, or

8. surviving disasters
q Some prescription medicines
q Health issues, such as:
• Thyroid disease and other hormone disorders
• Cancer
• Diabetes, heart disease, kidney failure, multiple
sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, stroke
• Serious injury needing extensive rehabilitation
How can you get help? Where do
you start?
The important thing is to speak up and ask for help.
Talk to a friend, family member, doctor, or reach out
to someone in your faith community. A doctor can
help determine what is going on, why it is happening,
and how to help. See if there is an employee assistance
program, known as an EAP, at your job. You can also
call the local community mental health center, a therapist,
or a help line.
What are your treatment options?
Your options may include talk therapy or counseling, medicines,
support groups, and other help. The treatments often work
better when they are used together.
Can you get better without treatment?
Depression can be damaging when left untreated. It can lead to
relationship problems, unemployment, and even suicide. Do not
wait and hope that the symptoms will go away. Drugs or alcohol
may seemlike a quick fix, but they can make
your depression
worse. Do not be ashamed or embarrassed to seek treatment.
You deserve treatment. Treatment works.
What should you know about therapy?

9. Talk therapy is an effective way to treat your depression.
Therapy can help you learnabout your depression
and find
ways to manage it. You should feel safe and comfortable
discussing your thoughts and feelings with your therapist.
If you feel therapy is not working, it is OK to ask for a referral
to someone else. You should also ask:
q How will therapy help you?
q What kind of therapy do they recommend?
q Have they treated someone with symptoms like yours?
q How long should treatment last?
q How do they develop a treatment plan? The plan should
be based on your needs, strengths, preferences, and goals.
q Is treatment confidential?
q What is their availability after hours? On weekends?
In case of emergency?
What should you know about medicines?
You may be prescribed medicine for your depression. Work
with your doctor to find one that works well for
you. Make sure
you provide a list of your current medicines and supplements.
q You should know:
• There are different medicines that are used
to treat depression.
• You may have to try more than one.
• It may take a while to get the right dose.

10. q You should ask:
• Why is the medicine right for you?
• What are the side effects?
• What if you miss a dose?
• What if you are pregnant or thinking
of getting pregnant?
• What should you do if the medicine makes
you feel worse?
Can a family member or friend help you?
Depression can make it hard to reach out to people for help.
However, isolating yourself can make your depression worse.
It may be good to have a family member or friend, also called
an advocate, be a partner in your care. Your advocate can:
q Help you make and get to appointments
q Write down instructions and ask questions
q Motivate you and help you focus on your
strengths and
goals for treatment
q Recognize changes in your condition
q Ask for help if you are not getting what you need
What can you do to feel better?
Feeling better takes time. There are many things you can
do to help your treatment be successful. Your doctor or
therapist can give you advice on where to start. You should:
q Follow your treatment plan. Talk to your doctor or

11. therapist if you need to change something.
• DO NOT abruptly stop treatment or medicines if
things are not working. Be patient. It may take time
to see improvements.
• DO NOT abruptly stop treatment or medicines
if you are feeling better. This could cause the
depression to return.
q Stick to your daily routine. Go to work. Go to school.
Get out of the house. See other people.
q Exercise and eat a healthy diet
q Get enough sleep
q Reduce stress and practice relaxation techniques
q Spend time outdoors
q Join a support group
q Be good to yourself. Depression is not your fault.
Where can you find more information?
Information and referrals, 800-950-NAMI(6264)
or NAMI HelpLine, www.nami.org
Locate a treatment program, http://findtreatment.samhsa.gov
Mental Health First Aid, www.mentalhealthfirstaid.org
Mood disorder information and referrals, 800-826-
3632,
www.DBSAlliance.org/FindSupport
Help in paying for medicines, www.pprx.org
www.jointcommission.org

12. www.jointcommission.org
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
Student’s NAME
INSTITUTIONAL AFFILIATIONS
SCM DEFINITION
MS is best explained as the management of the flow of data
with the objective of make the most of the supply chain and
revenues of an organization.
Content Management System is an application software used by
organization in the management, creation, and modification of
digital data. (Finkenbine, 2000)
BENEFITS OF CRM TO ZAPPOS
Zappos will witness revenue increase.
Quick and effective delivery of products
Customer loyalty and retention. (Laudon, 2012)
Wider market for their products.
REASONS TO IMPLEMENT SCM, CRM, AND ERP
They ill connect the organization with new market.
The firm will have access to information critical to its
operation.

13. Better client relationship.
Increased revenue and profitability. (Finkenbine, 2000)
ISSUES ARISING FROM AMAZON-ZAPPOS MERGER
Clients will be on a win-win situation.
Both Amazon and Zappos clients will share the same benefits
and problems.
Like Amazon, Zappos will experience during peak mail season.
, Amazon will experience excellent customer support system,
courtesy of Zappos. (Laudon, 2012)
STRATEGY FOR ZAPPOS TO INCREASE CLIENT
SATISFACTION
Improve customer care services
Offer competitive price
Quick deliver services. (Finkenbine, 2000)
Reliability.
REFERENCES
Finkenbine, J. K., Atwater, J. W., & Mavinic, D. S. (2000).

14. Stream health after urbanization 1. JAWRA Journal of the
American Water Resources Association, 36(5), 1149-1160.
Laudon, K., Brabston, M. E., & Laudon, J. P.
(2012). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital
Firm, Seventh Canadian Edition, 7/e. Pearson Education
Canada.