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Macroeconomics
Lecture 3
Measuring a Nation’s
Income
Questions?
Draw an
Innovation
Model
with labels
Intellectual
Financial Physical
Human
Culture
Entrepreneur
trust
health
trust
skills
knowledge
personality
relationships
natural resources
time
buildings
equipment
things than make
things
money and risk
savers and borrowers
time is money
(1+r)n
insurance  
limited liability
double entry accounting
ideas
inventions
technology
methods
The incentives to innovate
How people treat each other
1978
China Changed Worldview
Deng XiaopingMao Zedong
1976
Dies
Worldview
Political
Legal
Economic
Marshmallow Movie
How many
marshmallows would
you have in 24 hours if
you started with one and
they were doubled every
15 minutes?
2
96
The number of marshmallows would fill 1,200 earths
GDP
Gross Domestic Product
The market value of all
final goods and services
produced in a country in
a given time
GDP
How much stuff a
country makes
GDP per
Capita
GDP per Person
Average GDP
MarketValue
What something
would sell for
MarketValue
One Apple
plus
One Orange
= Three Dollars
All
Everything except...
Stuff you don’t sell
Final
Intermediate
Final
Final
Intermediate
Goods
and
Services
Goods
Services
Produced
New Stuff
Does not include the
sale of used goods
Within a
Country
In a given period
of time
Year Y/Y
Quarter Q/Q
Annualized: Q x 4
Percentage
Change
new number - old number
old number
ThisYear - LastYear
LastYear
ThisYear = 75
LastYear = 60
Percentage Change?
75 - 60
60
15
60
.25 or 25%
How do you
calculate
GDP?
GDP =
C = Consumption
I = Investment
G = Government
X = Exports
M = Imports
GDP =
C + I + G + (X - M)
Consumption
Spending by
households on
goods and services,
except new housing
Investment
Spending on capital
equipment, inventories, and
structures, including new
housing
Government
Spending on goods
and services from
local, state, and
federal governments.
Net Exports
Exports minus
imports
Net Exports
Foreigners buying
exports minus
domestic residents
buying foreign goods
What is GDP?
C = 105
I = 40
G = 25
X = 30
M = 20
GDP
= C + I + G + (X - M)
= 105 + 40 + 25 +(30-20)
= 105 + 40 + 25 +10
= 180
GDP per Capita
GDP
Number of People
GDP $75 trillion
Population 7.5 billion
GDP Per Capita $10,000

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Macro 3