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Benteng Fort de Kock
Fort de Kock adalah benteng peninggalan Belanda yang berdiri di Kota
Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia.
Benteng ini didirikan oleh Kapten Bouer pada tahun 1825 pada masa Baron
Hendrik Merkus de Kock sewaktu menjadi komandan Der Troepen dan Wakil
Gubernur Jenderal Hindia Belanda, karena itulah benteng ini terkenal dengan
nama Benteng Fort De Kock. Benteng yang terletak di atas Bukit Jirek ini
digunakan oleh Tentara Belanda sebagai kubu pertahanan dari gempuran rakyat
Minangkabau terutama sejak meletusnya Perang Paderi pada tahun 1821-1837.
Di sekitar benteng masih terdapat meriam-meriam kuno periode abad ke 19.
Pada tahun-tahun selanjutnya, di sekitar benteng ini tumbuh sebuah kota yang
juga bernama Fort de Kock, kini Bukittinggi.
Sejarah Pendirian
Benteng Fort de Kock digunakan oleh Tentara Belanda sebagai kubu pertahanan
dari gempuran rakyat Minangkabau terutama sejak meletusnya Perang Paderi
pada tahun 1821-1837 .Semasa pemerintahan Belanda, Bukittinggi dijadikan
sebagai salah satu pusat pemerintahan, kota ini disebut sebagai Gemetelyk
Resort pada tahun 1828. Sejak tahun 1825 pemerintah Kolonial Belanda telah
mendirikan sebuah benteng di kota ini sebagai tempat pertahanan, yang hingga
kini para wisatawan dapat melihat langsung benteng tersebut yaitu Fort de
Kock. Selain itu, kota ini tak hanya dijadikan sebagai pusat pemerintahan dan
tempat pertahanan bagi pemerintah kolonial Belanda, namun juga dijadikan
sebagai tempat peristirahatan para opsir Belanda yang berada di wilayah
jajahannya.
Fort de Kock juga dibangun sebagai lambang bahwa Kolonial Belanda telah
berhasil menduduki daerah di Sumatera Barat. Benteng tersebut merupakan
tanda penjajahan dan perluasan kekuasaan Belanda terhadap wilayah
Bukittinggi, Agam, dan Pasaman. Belanda memang cerdik untuk menduduki
Sumatera Barat, mereka memanfaatkan konflik intern saat itu, yaitu konflik
yang terjadi antara kelompok adat dan kelompok agama. Bahkan Belanda
sendiri ikut membantu kelompok adat, guna menekan kelompok agama selama
Perang Paderi yang berlangsung 1821 hingga tahun 1837.
Belanda yang membantu kaum adat melahirkan sebuah kesepakatan bahwa
Belanda diperbolehkan membangun basis pertahan militer yang dibangun
Kaptain Bauer di puncak Bukit Jirek Hill, yang kemudian diberi nama Fort de
Kock.
Setelah membangun di Bukit Jirek, Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda pun
melanjutkan rencananyamengambil alih beberapa bukit lagi seperti Bukit
Sarang Gagak, Bukit Tambun Tulang, Bukit Cubadak Bungkuak, dan Bukit
Malambung. Di daerah tersebut juga dibangun gedung perkantoran, rumah
dinas pemerintah, kompleks pemakaman, pasar, sarana transportasi, sekolah
juga tempat rekreasi. Pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintahan Kolonial
Belanda tersebut dalam istilah Minangkabau dikenal dengan “tajua nagari ka
Bulando” yang berarti Terjual negeri pada Belanda. Di masa itu memang,
Kolonial Belanda menguasai 75 persen wilayah dari lima desa yang dijadikan
pusat perdagangan.
Keadaan sekarang
Sejak direnovasi pada tahun 2002 lalu oleh pemerintah daerah, Fort de Kock,
kawasan benteng Fort de Kock kini berubah menjadi Taman Kota Bukittinggi
(Bukittinggi City Park) dan Taman Burung Tropis (Tropical Bird Park). Hingga
saat ini, Benteng Fort de Kock masih ada sebagai bangunan bercat putih-hijau
setinggi 20 m. Benteng Fort de Kock dilengkapi dengan meriam kecil di
keempat sudutnya. Kawasan sekitar benteng sudah dipugar oleh pemerintah
daerah menjadi sebuah taman dengan banyak pepohonan rindang dan mainan
anak-anak.
Benteng ini berada di lokasi yang sama dengan Kebun Binatang Bukittinggi dan
Museum Rumah Adat Baanjuang. Kawasan benteng terletak di bukit sebelah
kiri pintu masuk sedangkan kawasan kebun binatang dan museum berbentuk
rumah gadang tersebut berada di bukit sebelah kanan. Keduanya dihubungkan
oleh Jembatan Limpapeh yang di bawahnya adalah jalan raya dalam kota
Bukittinggi. Kawasan ini hanya terletak 1 km dari pusat kota Bukittinggi di
kawasan Jam Gadang, tepatnya di terusan jalan Tuanku nan Renceh.
Benteng ini adalah satu dari 2 benteng belanda yang ada di sumatera barat ,
yang satu lagi terletak di Batusangkar dengan nama benteng Fort Van der
Capellen karena 2 kota inilah dahulu yang paling susah ditaklukan belanda saat
Perang Paderi.
Benteng Fort de Kock
Fort de Kock is a Dutch fort which stands in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra,
Indonesia.
The fort was founded by Captain Bouer in 1825 at the time of Baron Hendrik
Merkus de Kock as the commander of Der Troepen and Deputy Governor
General of the Dutch East Indies, that's why this fortress known as the Fort Fort
de Kock. The fortress is situated on the Mount Jirek is used by the Dutch Army
as a stronghold of the onslaught of the Minangkabau people, especially since
the outbreak of the Padri War in 1821-1837. Around the castle there are ancient
cannons 19th century period subsequent years, around this fort grow a city that
is also named Fort de Kock, now Bukittinggi.
History of Establishment
Fort de Kock is used by the Dutch Army as a stronghold of the onslaught of the
Minangkabau people, especially since the outbreak of the Padri War in 1821-
1837 .At the time of Dutch rule, Bukittinggi be used as an administrative
center, the city is referred to as Gemetelyk Resort in 1828. Since in 1825 the
Dutch colonial government had established a fort in this city as a place of
defense, which until now the tourists can see directly the fortress is Fort de
Kock. In addition, the city is not only used as a center of government and
defense for the Dutch colonial government, but also serve as the resting place
of the Dutch officers who were in the colonies.
Fort de Kock was also built as a symbol that the Dutch Colonial has managed to
occupy the area in West Sumatra. The fort was a sign of colonization and
expansion of Dutch rule against Bukittinggi region, Agam, and Pasaman. Dutch
is clever to occupy the West Sumatra, they take advantage of the current
internal conflict, namely the conflict between indigenous groups and religious
groups. Even the Netherlands itself helped indigenous groups, in order to
suppress religious groups during the Padri War which lasted until 1837 1821.
Dutch who helped the indigenous spawned an agreement that the Dutch are
allowed to build a military defense base built on top of the Mount Kaptain
Bauer Jirek Hill, later named Fort de Kock.
After building in Bukit Jirek, the Dutch colonial government continued over
several hills rencananyamengambil again as Crow's Nest Hill, Bukit Tambun
Tulang, Bungkuak Cubadak Hill, and Hill Malambung. The area is also built
office buildings, houses government offices, cemetery, markets,
transportation, school is also a place of recreation. Development undertaken
by the Dutch colonial government in terms of Minangkabau known as "villages
tajua Bulando ka" meaning Sold land in the Netherlands. At that time indeed,
the Dutch colonial control 75 percent of the territory of the five villages that
used as a trading center.
Current Conditions
Since last renovated in 2002 by the local government, Fort de Kock, Fort de
Kock fort area now turned into a park Bukittinggi (Bukittinggi City Park) and
Bird Park Tropical (Tropical Bird Park). Until now, Fort de Kock is still there as a
green-white-painted buildings as high as 20 m. Fort de Kock is equipped with a
small cannon in the four corners. The area around the fort has been restored
by the local government into a garden with lots of shady trees and children's
toys.
The fort is located in the same location as the Dublin Zoo and the Museum of
Traditional House Baanjuang. Regions hill fort situated on the left of the
entrance, while the zoo and museum area in the form of the longhouse is
located on the right side of the hill. Both are connected by a bridge Limpapeh
under which is a highway in the town of Bukittinggi. This area is located just 1
km from Dublin city center in the Clock Tower area, precisely in the canal road
Tuanku Nan Renceh.
This fort is one of the two Dutch fort in western Sumatra, the other one is
located in Batusanggkar fort named Fort Van der Capellen because this is the
second city of the most difficult first Dutch conquered Padri War.
Traditional House Baanjuang. Regions hill fort situated on the left of the
entrance, while the zoo and museum area in the form of the longhouse is
located on the right side of the hill. Both are connected by a bridge Limpapeh
under which is a highway in the town of Bukittinggi. This area is located just 1
km from Dublin city center in the Clock Tower area, precisely in the canal road
Tuanku Nan Renceh.
This fort is one of the two Dutch fort in western Sumatra, the other one is
located in Batusanggkar fort named Fort Van der Capellen because this is the
second city of the most difficult first Dutch conquered Padri War.

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Benteng fort de kock

  • 1. Benteng Fort de Kock Fort de Kock adalah benteng peninggalan Belanda yang berdiri di Kota Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia. Benteng ini didirikan oleh Kapten Bouer pada tahun 1825 pada masa Baron Hendrik Merkus de Kock sewaktu menjadi komandan Der Troepen dan Wakil Gubernur Jenderal Hindia Belanda, karena itulah benteng ini terkenal dengan nama Benteng Fort De Kock. Benteng yang terletak di atas Bukit Jirek ini digunakan oleh Tentara Belanda sebagai kubu pertahanan dari gempuran rakyat Minangkabau terutama sejak meletusnya Perang Paderi pada tahun 1821-1837. Di sekitar benteng masih terdapat meriam-meriam kuno periode abad ke 19. Pada tahun-tahun selanjutnya, di sekitar benteng ini tumbuh sebuah kota yang juga bernama Fort de Kock, kini Bukittinggi. Sejarah Pendirian Benteng Fort de Kock digunakan oleh Tentara Belanda sebagai kubu pertahanan dari gempuran rakyat Minangkabau terutama sejak meletusnya Perang Paderi pada tahun 1821-1837 .Semasa pemerintahan Belanda, Bukittinggi dijadikan sebagai salah satu pusat pemerintahan, kota ini disebut sebagai Gemetelyk Resort pada tahun 1828. Sejak tahun 1825 pemerintah Kolonial Belanda telah mendirikan sebuah benteng di kota ini sebagai tempat pertahanan, yang hingga kini para wisatawan dapat melihat langsung benteng tersebut yaitu Fort de Kock. Selain itu, kota ini tak hanya dijadikan sebagai pusat pemerintahan dan tempat pertahanan bagi pemerintah kolonial Belanda, namun juga dijadikan sebagai tempat peristirahatan para opsir Belanda yang berada di wilayah jajahannya.
  • 2. Fort de Kock juga dibangun sebagai lambang bahwa Kolonial Belanda telah berhasil menduduki daerah di Sumatera Barat. Benteng tersebut merupakan tanda penjajahan dan perluasan kekuasaan Belanda terhadap wilayah Bukittinggi, Agam, dan Pasaman. Belanda memang cerdik untuk menduduki Sumatera Barat, mereka memanfaatkan konflik intern saat itu, yaitu konflik yang terjadi antara kelompok adat dan kelompok agama. Bahkan Belanda sendiri ikut membantu kelompok adat, guna menekan kelompok agama selama Perang Paderi yang berlangsung 1821 hingga tahun 1837. Belanda yang membantu kaum adat melahirkan sebuah kesepakatan bahwa Belanda diperbolehkan membangun basis pertahan militer yang dibangun Kaptain Bauer di puncak Bukit Jirek Hill, yang kemudian diberi nama Fort de Kock. Setelah membangun di Bukit Jirek, Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda pun melanjutkan rencananyamengambil alih beberapa bukit lagi seperti Bukit Sarang Gagak, Bukit Tambun Tulang, Bukit Cubadak Bungkuak, dan Bukit Malambung. Di daerah tersebut juga dibangun gedung perkantoran, rumah dinas pemerintah, kompleks pemakaman, pasar, sarana transportasi, sekolah juga tempat rekreasi. Pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintahan Kolonial Belanda tersebut dalam istilah Minangkabau dikenal dengan “tajua nagari ka Bulando” yang berarti Terjual negeri pada Belanda. Di masa itu memang, Kolonial Belanda menguasai 75 persen wilayah dari lima desa yang dijadikan pusat perdagangan. Keadaan sekarang Sejak direnovasi pada tahun 2002 lalu oleh pemerintah daerah, Fort de Kock, kawasan benteng Fort de Kock kini berubah menjadi Taman Kota Bukittinggi (Bukittinggi City Park) dan Taman Burung Tropis (Tropical Bird Park). Hingga saat ini, Benteng Fort de Kock masih ada sebagai bangunan bercat putih-hijau setinggi 20 m. Benteng Fort de Kock dilengkapi dengan meriam kecil di keempat sudutnya. Kawasan sekitar benteng sudah dipugar oleh pemerintah daerah menjadi sebuah taman dengan banyak pepohonan rindang dan mainan anak-anak.
  • 3. Benteng ini berada di lokasi yang sama dengan Kebun Binatang Bukittinggi dan Museum Rumah Adat Baanjuang. Kawasan benteng terletak di bukit sebelah kiri pintu masuk sedangkan kawasan kebun binatang dan museum berbentuk rumah gadang tersebut berada di bukit sebelah kanan. Keduanya dihubungkan oleh Jembatan Limpapeh yang di bawahnya adalah jalan raya dalam kota Bukittinggi. Kawasan ini hanya terletak 1 km dari pusat kota Bukittinggi di kawasan Jam Gadang, tepatnya di terusan jalan Tuanku nan Renceh. Benteng ini adalah satu dari 2 benteng belanda yang ada di sumatera barat , yang satu lagi terletak di Batusangkar dengan nama benteng Fort Van der Capellen karena 2 kota inilah dahulu yang paling susah ditaklukan belanda saat Perang Paderi.
  • 4. Benteng Fort de Kock Fort de Kock is a Dutch fort which stands in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The fort was founded by Captain Bouer in 1825 at the time of Baron Hendrik Merkus de Kock as the commander of Der Troepen and Deputy Governor General of the Dutch East Indies, that's why this fortress known as the Fort Fort de Kock. The fortress is situated on the Mount Jirek is used by the Dutch Army as a stronghold of the onslaught of the Minangkabau people, especially since the outbreak of the Padri War in 1821-1837. Around the castle there are ancient cannons 19th century period subsequent years, around this fort grow a city that is also named Fort de Kock, now Bukittinggi. History of Establishment Fort de Kock is used by the Dutch Army as a stronghold of the onslaught of the Minangkabau people, especially since the outbreak of the Padri War in 1821- 1837 .At the time of Dutch rule, Bukittinggi be used as an administrative center, the city is referred to as Gemetelyk Resort in 1828. Since in 1825 the Dutch colonial government had established a fort in this city as a place of defense, which until now the tourists can see directly the fortress is Fort de Kock. In addition, the city is not only used as a center of government and defense for the Dutch colonial government, but also serve as the resting place of the Dutch officers who were in the colonies.
  • 5. Fort de Kock was also built as a symbol that the Dutch Colonial has managed to occupy the area in West Sumatra. The fort was a sign of colonization and expansion of Dutch rule against Bukittinggi region, Agam, and Pasaman. Dutch is clever to occupy the West Sumatra, they take advantage of the current internal conflict, namely the conflict between indigenous groups and religious groups. Even the Netherlands itself helped indigenous groups, in order to suppress religious groups during the Padri War which lasted until 1837 1821. Dutch who helped the indigenous spawned an agreement that the Dutch are allowed to build a military defense base built on top of the Mount Kaptain Bauer Jirek Hill, later named Fort de Kock. After building in Bukit Jirek, the Dutch colonial government continued over several hills rencananyamengambil again as Crow's Nest Hill, Bukit Tambun Tulang, Bungkuak Cubadak Hill, and Hill Malambung. The area is also built office buildings, houses government offices, cemetery, markets, transportation, school is also a place of recreation. Development undertaken by the Dutch colonial government in terms of Minangkabau known as "villages tajua Bulando ka" meaning Sold land in the Netherlands. At that time indeed, the Dutch colonial control 75 percent of the territory of the five villages that used as a trading center. Current Conditions Since last renovated in 2002 by the local government, Fort de Kock, Fort de Kock fort area now turned into a park Bukittinggi (Bukittinggi City Park) and Bird Park Tropical (Tropical Bird Park). Until now, Fort de Kock is still there as a green-white-painted buildings as high as 20 m. Fort de Kock is equipped with a small cannon in the four corners. The area around the fort has been restored by the local government into a garden with lots of shady trees and children's toys. The fort is located in the same location as the Dublin Zoo and the Museum of
  • 6. Traditional House Baanjuang. Regions hill fort situated on the left of the entrance, while the zoo and museum area in the form of the longhouse is located on the right side of the hill. Both are connected by a bridge Limpapeh under which is a highway in the town of Bukittinggi. This area is located just 1 km from Dublin city center in the Clock Tower area, precisely in the canal road Tuanku Nan Renceh. This fort is one of the two Dutch fort in western Sumatra, the other one is located in Batusanggkar fort named Fort Van der Capellen because this is the second city of the most difficult first Dutch conquered Padri War.
  • 7. Traditional House Baanjuang. Regions hill fort situated on the left of the entrance, while the zoo and museum area in the form of the longhouse is located on the right side of the hill. Both are connected by a bridge Limpapeh under which is a highway in the town of Bukittinggi. This area is located just 1 km from Dublin city center in the Clock Tower area, precisely in the canal road Tuanku Nan Renceh. This fort is one of the two Dutch fort in western Sumatra, the other one is located in Batusanggkar fort named Fort Van der Capellen because this is the second city of the most difficult first Dutch conquered Padri War.