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1. III. WORD BUILDING
Affixation
Affixes
- is a word parts that change the meaning of a root or base word.
2 Categories of Affixes:
Prefixes
Suffixes

2. Prefix
- is one or more syllables added at the beginning of the word to modify
or change its meaning.
Suffix
- Is added at the end of the word to modify or change its meaning.

3. The prefix in- means not, non, or without.
1. Before the sounds l, m, r, the prefix in is spelled il, im, and ir, though
in actual pronunciation only /I-/ is placed before the root word.
Il – illegible, illegitimate, illiterate
im – immaterial, immature, immeasurable
ir – irrational, irreligious, irreparable

4. 2. Before p, the prefix becomes /Im/ and is spelled im-
im – impartial, impatient, impenetrable, imperfect

5. 3.There is no change in the prefix before words beginning with other
sounds.
- inadequate, inability, inaccessible
- incapable, incapacity, incoherent
- indelicate, indistinct, inexcusable

6. The suffix –able is one of the most common suffixes in English
and it is added to certain words to form adjectives. It means “capable
of being” as in drinkable, “worthy of being” as in lovable and having
“qualities of being” as in comfortable.

7. Here are some statements which should help a write of English spell
words with the suffix –able.
1. In many words, the suffix –able is appended to the root.
- available, allowable, dependable, readable

8. 2. A final y in a word is changed to I when the suffix is added.
rely – reliable justify – justifiable
duty – dutiable remedy - remediable

9. 3. When the root word has a silent e in the last syllable the e is
dropped before the suffix is added.
use – usable excuse – excusable
translate – translatable advise – advisable
receive – receivable move – movable

10. 4. Exceptions to this generalization occur when the last letters are ge or
ce, where the e is necessary to represent the /s/ and /j/ sounds. Some
examples follow:
peace – peaceable change – changeable
service – serviceable marriage - marriageable

11. Another problem a person faces when writing English is either to
double the final consonant