Join us at the Instructional Design History Journey. A New Instructional Design Model Will Be Added Every Week! Find more at: http://elearningindustry.com/instructional-design-models-and-theories 1922 – Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka and Wolfgang Köhler introduce Gestalt Theory. Check the following article and presentation to find more. If you are interested to learn more about Classical Conditioning Theory please check: http://elearningindustry.com/gestalt-theory Last but not least, you are more than welcome to embed the Gestalt Theory presentation at your site of blog.

1. Instructional Design Models and Theories
Gestalt Theory

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3. Instructional Design Models and Theories
Join us at the Instructional Design History Journey
A New Instructional Design Model Will Be Added Every Week!
Find more at:
Instructional Design Models and Theories
http://elearningindustry.com/instructional-design-models-and-theories

4. 1922 – Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka and
Wolfgang Köhler introduce Gestalt
Psychology.

5. Objectives
Gestalt Theory
• Who are the founder of Gestalt Psychology
•What is the Gestalt Theory
• Which are theLaws of Organization
• Which are the Principles of Gestalt Theory in
Learning

6. Section 1
The Founders of Gestalt
Psychology

7. Max Wertheimer
• Max Wertheimer was born
in Prague in 1880. After
obtaining his Ph.D. from the
University of Würzburg in
1904, he taught at several
universities in Germany. He
eventually ended up
teaching at the New School
for Social Research in New
York, where he remained
until his death in 1943. He is
one of the 3 founders of
Gestalt Psychology.

8. Wolfgang Köhler
• Wolfgang Köhler was born
in Estonia in 1887 and was
an eminent psychologist
and phenomenologist. He
earned his Ph.D. from the
University of Berlin in 1909.
He met Wertheimer and
Koffka at the University of
Frankfurt. In the 1930s he
emigrated to the United
States and became a
professor at Swarthmore
College in Pennsylvania until
his death in 1967.

9. Kurt Koffka
• Kurt Koffka was born in
Berlin in 1886. He earned
his Ph.D. from the
University of Berlin in 1908.
In 1927, after emigrating to
the US, he became a
professor at Smith College
in Massachusetts. He had a
great interest in the laws
that govern the human
perception of the
environment, as well as in
interpretation and
developmental psychology.
He died in 1941.

10. Section 2
The Gestalt Theory

11. The Gestalt Theory
According to the Gestalt Theory, which is
commonly known as the Law of Simplicity, every
stimulus is perceived by humans in its “most simple
form”. The main focus of the theory is “grouping”
and the entire theory emphasizes on the fact that
the whole of anything is greater than the sum of its
parts. Besides, “gestalt” in German means the
“shape of an entity’s complete form”. Thus, the
operational principle of the brain is holistic and has
a self-organizing inclination.

12. Section 3
The Laws of Organization

13. The 4 Laws of Organization
1.
Proximity
Elements are typically grouped together based on their
immediacy.
2.
Similarity
Elements in our environment, which are similar to one
another, tend to be grouped together.
3.
Closure
Elements are typically grouped together if they are a part of an
entity.
4.
Simplicity
Elements should be organized into simplistic figures, based on
their symmetry, smoothness and regularity.

14. Section 4
ThePrinciples of Gestalt Theory in
Learning

15. The Principles of Gestalt Theory in Learning
1. Teachers should encourage their students to
discover the relationship of the elements
that make up a problem.
2. Incongruities, gaps, or disturbances are
essential stimuli in the learning process for a
student.
3. Educational instruction should be based on
the Laws of Organization.

16. GestaltTheory
Find more at:
Gestalt Theory

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