Artificial Neural Networks with PHP & Symfony con 2014

with PHP on a
Symfony Console
TicTacToe game
Artificial
Neural
Networks

ANN with PHP SymfonyCon Madrid 2014
Agenda
1. Demo
2. Symfony Console
3. Symfony Console Helpers
4. ANN Theory
6. PHP + FANN
7. Show me the code
8. Demo
9. Q&A

Demo
vs.

Symfony Console

Symfony Console - Installation
bin/console
#!/usr/bin/env php
<?php
require __DIR__ . ‘/../vendor/autoload.php';
use SymfonyComponentConsoleApplication;
$app = new Application();
$app->run();
composer.json
{
...
"require": {
"symfony/console": "~2.5"
}
...
}

Symfony Console - Installation
bin/console
#!/usr/bin/env php
<?php
require __DIR__ . ‘/../vendor/autoload.php';
use SymfonyComponentConsoleApplication;
$app = new Application();
$app->run();
composer.json
{
...
"require": {
"symfony/console": "~2.5"
}
...
}
$ php bin/console
$ chmod +x bin/console
$ bin/console

Symfony console style guide
https://github.com/symfony/symfony-docs/issues/4265
Created by @javiereguiluz
Improved by Symfony community

Symfony Console Helpers
Progress bar
Table
Question
Formatter

Command.php
Progress bar
<?php
// create a new progress bar (10 units)
$progress = new ProgressBar($output, 10);
// start and displays the progress bar
$progress->start();
$i = 0;
while ($i++ < 10) {
// ... do some work
// advance the progress bar 1 unit
$progress->advance();
}
// ensure that the progress bar is at 100%
$progress->finish();

We all techies love progress bars

Table
Command.php
<?php
$table = new Table($output);
$table
->setHeaders(array('Component', 'Package'))
->setRows(array(
array('Console', 'symfony/console'),
array('Form', 'symfony/form'),
array('Finder', 'symfony/finder'),
array('Config', 'symfony/config'),
array('...', '...'),
))
;
$table->render();

Question
Command.php
<?php
$helper = $this->getHelper('question');
$question = new ConfirmationQuestion(
'Dou you want to play again? ',
false
);
if (!$helper->ask($input, $output, $question))
{
$output->writeln("Bye bye!");
return;
}
$output->writeln("Let's play again!");

Formatter
Command.php
<?php
$formatter = $this->getHelper('formatter');
$formattedLine = $formatter->formatSection(
'Game finished',
'Player one wins.'
);
$output->writeln($formattedLine);
$errorMessages = array(
'Error!',
'Move already done.’
);
$formattedBlock = $formatter
->formatBlock($errorMessages, 'error');
$output->writeln($formattedBlock);

Our helper

Board
Command.php
<?php
// Board example usage
$board = new Board(
$output,
$this->getApplication()
->getTerminalDimensions(),
3, // Board size
false // Don’t override the screen
);
// Update and display the board status
$board->updateGame(0,0,1);

Board
Command.php
<?php
// Board example - four in a row
$board = new BoardHelper(
$output,
4, // Board size
false // Don’t override screen
true // Board with backgrounded cells
);
// Update the board status (Player 1)
// Update the board status (Player 2)

Board
Command.php
<?php
// Example TicTacToe with overwrite
$board = new TicTacToeHelper(
$output,
3, // Board size
true // Overwrite screen
);
// Update the board status and display

Board
Board.php
<?php
namespace PHPGamesConsoleHelper;
class Board
{
/**
* @var SymfonyComponentConsoleOutputOutputInterface
*/
private $output;
/**
* Clears the output buffer
*/
private function clear()
{
$this->output->write("e[2J");
}
// ...
Instruction that
clears the screen

There is a bonus helper

Symfony Console - HAL
Command.php
<?php
$hal = new HAL($output);
$hal->sayHello();

Artificial
Neural
Networks
Computer model that intends to simulate how the brain works

A typical ANN
Input neuron
Hidden neuron
Output neuron
Signal & weight

Activation Functions
Functions to process the input and produce a signal as output

Activation Functions
• Step - output is 0 or 1
• Linear Combination - output is input sum plus
a linear bias
• Continuous Log-Sigmoid

Backpropagation
Backward propagation of errors
Passes error signals backwards through the network during training to update the weights of the network

ANN Types

ANN types
• Feedforward neural network
Information goes only in one direction, forward.
• Radial basis function network (RBF)
Interpolation in multidimensional space.
• Kohonen self-organizing network
A set of artificial neurons learn to map points in an input space to
coordinates in an output space.

ANN Learning

ANN Learning
• Supervised
• Unsupervised
• Reinforcement

We've used
Reinforcement Learning
With some slights adaptations to solve

Temporal Credit Assignment
Problem

(WTF) ANN with
What The Fann
Artificial Neural Networks with PHP

(WTF) ANN with
Meet libfann & PECL fann
$~> sudo apt-get install libfann; sudo pecl install fann

(WTF) ANN with
 OS X
1. Install autoconf
2. Install cmake
3. Compile FANN
4. Install php fann extension with PECL
5. Add the extension to php.ini
$ brew install autoconf

(WTF) ANN with
 OS X
1. Install autoconf
2. Install cmake
3. Compile FANN
$ brew install cmake

(WTF) ANN with
 OS X
1. Install autoconf
2. Install cmake
3. Compile FANN
$ cd FANN-2.2.X-Source
$ cmake .
$ sudo make install

(WTF) ANN with
 OS X
1. Install autoconf
2. Install cmake
3. Compile FANN
$ sudo pecl install fann

(WTF) ANN with
 OS X
1. Install autoconf
2. Install cmake
3. Compile FANN
extension=fann.so

(WTF) ANN with
Enjoy!

(WTF) ANN with
Show me the code!

The two neurons behind this talk

Eduardo Gulias
@egulias
• EmailValidator
(Symfony >= 2.5, Drupal 8).
• ListenersDebugCommandBundle
(ezPublish 5).
• PHPMad UG co-founder
(Former Symfony Madrid).
• Team leader at

Ariel Ferrandini
@aferrandini
• Symfony simple password encoder
service. (Symfony >=2.6).
• Symfony DX application
collaborator.
• PHPMad UG co-founder.
• Team leader at Paradigma
Tecnológico

Resources
• Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_neural_network)
• Introduction for beginners (http://arxiv.org/pdf/cs/0308031.pdf)
• Introduction to ANN (http://www.theprojectspot.com/tutorial-post/
introduction-to-artificial-neural-networks-part-1/7)
• Reinforcement learning (http://www.willamette.edu/~gorr/classes/
cs449/Reinforcement/reinforcement0.html)
• PHP FANN (http://www.php.net/fann)

Resources
• Repo PHPGames (https://github.com/phpgames/ANNTicTacToe)
• Repo Board helper (https://github.com/phpgames/BoardHelper)
• Repo HAL helper (https://github.com/phpgames/HALHelper)

Thank you!
https://joind.in/12951

Questions?
https://joind.in/12951

Artificial Neural Networks with PHP & Symfony con 2014

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