1 5 Reply A Ngoc N 1/ After gaining success in the battlefield of the French Revolution and leading successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself as an emperor of France and his wife as an empress of France. The title "Emperor of France" was supposed to demonstrate that Napoleon's coronation was not the restoration of the monarchy, but the birth of a new political system: the French Empire. 2/ By crowning himself and Josephine, Napoleon had symbolized that he would not be controlled by Rome or subject to any power other than himself. This is important, both as a show of strength to reassure his allies, and to quell any potential rebellion or anarchy by declaring himself a high authority. best in France. 3/ During the French Revolution, the Catholic Churches mostly lost power. They seriously face an issue in which Church property became central to the policies of the new revolutionary government. Declaring that all Church property in France belonged to the nation, confiscations were ordered, and Church properties were sold at public auction. However, Since Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself IN 1804, he and Pope Pius IV had agreements that sought national reconciliation between revolutionaries and Catholics and solidified the Roman Catholic Church as the majority church of France, with most of its civil status restored. 4/ Being blamed for her infertility which caused to divorce between Napoleon and Josephine, but the main reason might have been caused by Napoleon. We can see that Napoleon thought that women were inferior to men. In Napoleon's view, women were destined to play a domestic role, rather than a public one. 5/ Besides the Coronation of Napoleon, Jacques-Louis David had several painted about Napoleon. He was highly evaluated by Napoleon through his paintings. In my opinion, I think the artist was a supporter of Bonapate. Most of his painting’s portrait of Napoleon, through delicate lines and excellent color mixing, the paintings are extremely vivid. His works are realistic and vivid. Reply B Jalen G I think the main reason it was important that Napoleon was titled as an emperor is because he wanted to differ from the monarchy that was in place previously. Napoleon did not want to be considered King with absolute power, but he was still a strong and respected leader. Napoleon crowned himself because he did not want to be controlled by anyone, particularly the church. Pope Pius had already ended the conflict between church and state at that point so Napoleon was headed in the right direction. I think the Pope approved Napoleon's decision because he lacked confidence in him and maybe did not want to be responsible if things did not go well. A major way that napoleon was directly defying the church was by always trying to modernize France using science. He also closed monasteries and church property. The biggest thing that came from Napoleon assuming power for the church was that Cath.

1. 1
5
Reply A Ngoc N
1/ After gaining success in the battlefield of the French
Revolution and leading successful campaigns during the
Revolutionary Wars. Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself as an
emperor of France and his wife as an empress of France. The
title "Emperor of France" was supposed to demonstrate that
Napoleon's coronation was not the restoration of the monarchy,
but the birth of a new political system: the French Empire. 2/
By crowning himself and Josephine, Napoleon had symbolized
that he would not be controlled by Rome or subject to any
power other than himself. This is important, both as a show of
strength to reassure his allies, and to quell any potential
rebellion or anarchy by declaring himself a high authority. best
in France. 3/ During the French Revolution, the Catholic
Churches mostly lost power. They seriously face an issue in
which Church property became central to the policies of the new
revolutionary government. Declaring that all Church property in
France belonged to the nation, confiscations were ordered, and
Church properties were sold at public auction. However, Since
Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself IN 1804, he and Pope
Pius IV had agreements that sought national reconciliation
between revolutionaries and Catholics and solidified the Roman
Catholic Church as the majority church of France, with most of
its civil status restored. 4/ Being blamed for her infertility
which caused to divorce between Napoleon and Josephine, but
the main reason might have been caused by Napoleon. We can
see that Napoleon thought that women were inferior to men. In
Napoleon's view, women were destined to play a domestic role,
rather than a public one. 5/ Besides the Coronation of Napoleon,
Jacques-Louis David had several painted about Napoleon. He

2. was highly evaluated by Napoleon through his paintings. In my
opinion, I think the artist was a supporter of Bonapate. Most of
his painting’s portrait of Napoleon, through delicate lines and
excellent color mixing, the paintings are extremely vivid. His
works are realistic and vivid.
Reply B Jalen G
I think the main reason it was important that Napoleon was
titled as an emperor is because he wanted to differ from the
monarchy that was in place previously. Napoleon did not want
to be considered King with absolute power, but he was still a
strong and respected leader. Napoleon crowned himself because
he did not want to be controlled by anyone, particularly the
church. Pope Pius had already ended the conflict between
church and state at that point so Napoleon was headed in the
right direction. I think the Pope approved Napoleon's decision
because he lacked confidence in him and maybe did not want to
be responsible if things did not go well. A major way that
napoleon was directly defying the church was by always trying
to modernize France using science. He also closed monasteries
and church property. The biggest thing that came from
Napoleon assuming power for the church was that Catholicism
was officially recognized as the religion of "the great majority
of French citizens." Napoleon being above Josephine and being
the one to put the crown on her head is a clear sign of
dominance. He wanted to "restore order" and to him, that
included giving men an unproportioned rule over women. I
think the artist that depicted the coronation of Napoleon was a
major supporter. He made Napoleon the focal point of the entire
picture. The light is shining on him, and he is in the middle of
the picture. It is also made to seem like Napoleon is the tallest
one there and everyone is looking at him. I would assume that
most of his supporters during this time would be men.
1

3. 5
Napoleon
Student’s Name
Institution/Affiliation
Course
Professor
Date
Question 1
Napoléon Bonaparte, usually known as Napoleon I, was France's
military leader and statesman. Napoleon was an essential figure
in the French Revolution, the country's first consul and its first
emperor. The title Emperor of the French was intended to show
that Napoleon's coronation represented the establishment of a
new political order, the French Empire, rather than the
restoration of the monarchy.
Question 2
Napoleon characteristically portrayed his refusal to submit to
Rome or other figure of authority through his personal
coronation. This was vital to reassure his peers and put down
any possible revolutions or disorder by instituting himself as
France's superior authority. He was portraying the idea that,
rather than through a religious consecration, he was becoming

4. emperor due to his abilities and the people's will. The pope
would accept this decision because it would benefit the church.
Question 3
Napoleon established a pact known as the Concordat to
reestablish the Catholic church in France. Napoleon and Pope
Pius VI signed the Concordat in 1801, and it became operative
in 1802 (Hunt et al., 2019). It restored the significant role of the
church in France that had been lost due to the French
Revolution. It restored the papal papacy's dominance over
French churches. The agreement allowed for the establishment
of seminaries and the redistribution of bishoprics and parishes
and granted Napoleon, the first consul, the authority to name
bishops. However, he still limited the powers of the church. By
closing monasteries and impounding church assets, he exported
radical religious policy and established the Concordat in
dominated areas, conquering the Catholic Church in other
states.
Question 4
Napoleon's relative position with his wife shows the status of
women in France. Napoleon consistently made efforts to reduce
the role of women in society to more subservient and domestic
roles than during the previous decades. He believed in male
biological dominance to reassert the convectional familial and
gender roles of males being over females, as he is above
Josephine. This was caused and supported by the desire to
create a lineage and legacy for himself.
Question 5
The artist was a Bonaparte supporter. This is because a few
elements in the painting signifying his coronation were altered
in Napoleon's favor. Letizia Bonaparte, for instance, gained a
prominent placement in this artwork, although she was in Rome
at the coronation (Kappe, 2019). Joseph, Napoleon's brother, is
pictured on the left but was not present for the occasion. Also,
he took the painting to Napoleon to see it first.

5. References
Hunt, L., Martin, T. R., Rosenwein, B. H., & Smith, B. G.
(2019).
The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures.
Bedford/St. Martin’s, Macmillan Learning.
Kappe, E. (2019). The Coronation of Napoleon by Jacques-
Louis David.
Triplmprover. Retrieved From;
https://www.tripimprover.com/blog/the-coronation-of-
napoleon-by-jacques-louis-
david#:~:text=Napoleon%20is%20the%20person%20in%20the%
20middle%20holding,the%20right%20of%20Napoleon%20is%2
0Pope%20Pius%20VII.