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Discussion Prompt: analyzing policy (2 diff copies) How does U.S. government reimbursement policies for healthcare providers impact the use of telemedicine in your state? Expectations Initial Post: Length: A minimum of 250 words, not including references Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA from within the last 5 years Reading Patton, Zalon, Ludwick Chaps 5 & 6 Additional Required Website Readings: GovTrack.us (2019). S.787—115th Congress: Telehealth Innovation and Improvement Act of 2017. The National Telehealth Policy Resource Center (2019, Oct.). News, Telehealth Policy. Public Health Institute. Telemedicine Regulations in California (2019). Chiron Health. Wicklund, E. (2019). CMS at ATA: Medicare coverage of telehealth will take some time. mHealth Intelligence. American Telemedicine Association (ATA) (2019). Policy updates. Washington, DC: Author. American Telemedicine Association (ATA) (2019). State of the states report: Coverage and reimbursement. Washington,DC: Author. VIDEOS Peterson, M. (2017, Feb.). What is policy analysis? .
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The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA or ACA) was signed into law by President Barack Obama in 2010. The ACA attempts to increase access to care, reduce cost, and improve quality. Nearly 50 different reform initiatives were implemented between 2010 and 2017. Although primary care is a major focus of the act, these additional initiatives are focused on 10 different areas, including public health, prevention of disease, community health, and increasing revenue provisions to pay for the reform (Niles, 2021). The law has been controversial due to the mandate that all Americans must purchase health insurance.
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Reference
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By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
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Explain the Affordable Care Act and its impact on the U.S. health care system and on the practice of health care in the United States.
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Introduction
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Running Head: POLITICS AND HEALTH CASE SYSTEMS IN US
POLITICS AND HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN US. 5
Politics and Healthcare System in USComment by James A Love: This is a good first outline. Please read the comments I have inserted below, and let me know if you have questions.
Name
School/College
September 11, 2015
Outline
Title: Politics and Healthcare System in US
Thesis: The healthcare delivery system in the US has undergone noticeable gradual improvements from the financing sector, insurance sector, delivery and quality sector even though many politicians politicize the gaps in healthcare for their own benefits with the pretense of initiating reforms to the sector.
I. Introduction
A. Politics started intervening in the healthcare sector between the years 1930 and 1960.Comment by James A Love: Were politics not involved in healthcare prior to the 1930s and 1960s? Be prepared to cite this assertion. What changed in the 1930s?
B. Thesis: The healthcare delivery system in the US has undergone noticeable gradual improvements from the financing sector, insurance sector, delivery and quality sector even though many politicians politicize the gaps in healthcare for their own benefits with the pretense of initiating reforms to the sector.Comment by James A Love: This claim will need citing for support.Comment by James A Love: This claim will need to supported with specific citations.
II. Background Comment by James A Love: The ‘background’ is appropriate here. It is essentially your ‘literature review’. I think you can use either section title, but you should include multiple citations of articles that discuss “politics in healthcare” spanning history.
A. The aim is to discuss the association between politics and healthcare and to try and find out the roles politics has played in reforming the healthcare sector.
III. Formation of acts to offer medical securityComment by James A Love: Section III, IV, and V seem like they should be the major subsections within section II.
A. Formation of social security act of 1935
a. Provide unemployment compensationComment by James A Love:
b. Provide old-age pensions
c. Other benefits
1. Provision of federal funds for hospital construction
B. Kerr-mills act of 1960
a. Federal matching payments
b. Elderly disabled and poor
IV. The election of some prominent leaders in the US
A. Kennedy, 1961
a. Kennedy kept the issue of elderly healthcare needs alive
B. Lyndon Johnson 1963
a. Initiated the Great Society’s War on Poverty Program
b. Medicare
C. Nixon
a. He signed various acts to extend community mental health centers
b. National Health Insurance Partnership Act
1. Family Health Insurance Plan
i. Offers health insurance to low income families
2. National Health Insurance Standards Act
i. Developing Health Maintenance Organizations
D. Jimmy carter
a. Supported national health insurance program
E. Clinton
a. He made changes in health insurance cove.
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The Theme of Love in Sula
by The Theme Of Love In Sula The Theme Of Love In Sula
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Submission ID: 1247614195
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Word count: 173
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The Theme of Love in Sulaby The Theme Of Love In Sula The Theme Of Love In SulaThe Theme of Love in SulaORIGINALITY REPORTPRIMARY SOURCES
Running head: IMPACT OF THE ACA ON HEALTH CARE
1
IMPACT OF THE ACA ON HEALTH CARE
4
Impact of the ACA on Health Care
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Impact of the ACA on the Health Care
Affordable Care Act (ACA) is one of the legislative laws that played an important role in redefining the health sector in the United States. The Act has been instrumental in ensuring medical coverage to enable citizens to acquire affordable health care services. The paper examines the impact of the ACA in healthcare as well as the effect that would be experienced if the law is repealed.
The main goal of ACA was to expand both the private and Medicaid coverage to ensure that it covers more than 50 million citizens that were uninsured before the law was enacted (Eguia et al., 2020). Before the law was enacted, the United States government-insured its citizens through programs such as the Medicaid and Children’s health insurance. However, through these programs, those without children and some low-income parents remained uninsured. Therefore, the law ensures that all citizens are insured regardless of age, gender as well as income eligibility.
The law also contained provisions that intended to increase the accessibility of health insurance. When the law was enacted, it ensured that the coverage of children is extended to cover up to individuals of age 26 (Eguia et al., 2020). Therefore, the law led ensured led to increasing of medical coverage among the target population. Upon the enactment of the law, the number of young adults that got covered increased from one million to three million.
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Phase 1 - Research Data CollectionName Points.docx
Phase 1 - Research Data Collection
Name:
Points: 50
States:
Due: Week 5
Country:
Source
Topics Covered (bulleted list)
Citation Information (MLA Style)
1.Journal articles
(Press enter if you reach the bottom of the cell and need more space.)
· Financial aspect to the health care services and delivery.
· Shortages of health professionals.
· Main source of finance to health care services
· Linkage with other organization.
(Press tab to move to next row.)
Reagan, Michael D. The accidental system: health care policy in America. Routledge, 2018.
2.Videos
· Health care delivery checks on the personnel and facilities available for use.
· Poor teamwork in the health sector by health providers.
· Health professionals at the delivery of services.
Khan Academy. “Healthcare system overview | Health care system | Heatlh & Medicine | Khan Academy” Youtube. Retrieved at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMHxxvbzFqc
3.Government Data
· Environmental impact on the health care services delivery.
· Details on the socio-economic and political aspect to health care system.
· Marginalize areas in terms of health provision.
United States Census Bureau. “Health Insurance Coverage in the United States” 2017
4.Insurance Data
· Payment mode in private and public health care system.
· Implementation of laws in the health sectors
· Need for worker compensation.
United States Census Bureau. “Health Insurance Coverage in the United States” 2017
5.Related articles of professionals organizations
· Rural access to health care services systems.
· Outdoor-Community health care.
· Good road networks to allow health services reach.
· Challenges of the health care delivery in rural areas.
Osman, Ferdous Arfina, and Sara Bennett. "Political Economy and Quality of Primary Health Service in Rural Bangladesh and the United States of America: A Comparative Analysis." Journal of International Development (2018).
6. Shi and Singh textbook
· Health services financing.
· Health care delivery policies and priorities.
· Proper health organization management.
. Shi, Leiyu. Delivering Health Care in America : a Systems Approach. Sudbury, Mass. :Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2012.
Phase 2:
Comparison-contrast chart
Name Adedotun Adereti
The U.S. / UK comparison-contrast chart.
U.S
U.K
· In U.S Healthcare payment is catered for highly by government initiated programmes for example Medicaid.
· In the U.K healthcare is funded highly by taxation through the National Health Services.
· Here there is no shortage of health staff as there are adequate doctors, nurses, and other medical practitioners.
· There is a shortage of health workers in the UK a thing that has led to the vast advertising of job opportunities for health practitioners.
· The medical practitioners are highly train ...
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Comparing Magazine or Online Nutrition Information with Published.docx
Comparing Magazine or Online Nutrition Information* with Published Research.
Scientific research sometimes contraindicates nutrition information in Health and Fitness magazines or from retail supplement stores. The information may not be completely false, but the information could be exaggerated, embellished, or simply not based on research. However, the information could be very accurate.
1. Select an article about a specific nutrition recommendation or a specific nutrition supplement from a Health and Fitness magazine or website. Most Health and Fitness magazines and websites now hire a Nutrition and/or Fitness professional to write their nutrition related articles. Thus, instead of an article, you can choose information from a retail website, an online advertisement, or information listed on a supplement container.
Please note: supplements that are very new (so new that research has not yet been conducted) would not be a good choice for this assignment. Also, do not select Creatine, as its proposed benefits are well documented.
2. Research the same nutrition recommendation or supplement using sources such as published research, scientific journals, textbooks, or reliable websites (commonly ending with .edu, .gov, or .org).
Instructions
1. List your selected Nutrition Recommendation or Supplement.
2. List the exact source of the claims or proposed benefits (magazine, website, advertisement, actual supplement container, etc.). If possible, provide a web link. If using a print advertisement or supplement container, submit a picture or photo.
3. List the exact claims and/or proposed benefits from your selected magazine article, website, advertisement, commercial, or supplement container.
4. Using reputable sources, summarize actual research results of the claims or benefits from #3. Two paragraphs minimum.
5. Provide at least 2 references. Our textbook can be used for 1 of the 2 references. Use APA style and format when listing and citing your references. See the Week 2 folder for information on APA style.
6. Compare the information from #3 and #4. One paragraph minimum.
This Assignment must be typed, and please number the various parts of your submitted assignment (as noted in the Instructions above: 1, 2, and so on).
APA Format
Due Friday April 5, 2019
Running head: HEALTHCARE POLICY ASSESSMENT
1
HEALTHCARE POLICY ASSESSMENT
2
Healthcare Policy Assessment
Dr. Timothy Smith
Darrin Clanton
PAD 510: Introduction to Public Policy Analysis
January 18, 2019
Healthcare Policy Assessment
Introduction
A presidential administration often works towards the improvement of the society. This is done through the implementation of different federal policies which act as facilitators towards specific objectives. In America, it is possible to trace specific social challenges that have existed since time immemorial. The phenomenon has led to different presidential administrations instituting the same federal policy as an effort to r.
Comparing Magazine or Online Nutrition Information with Published.docx
Comparing Magazine or Online Nutrition Information* with Published Research.
Scientific research sometimes contraindicates nutrition information in Health and Fitness magazines or from retail supplement stores. The information may not be completely false, but the information could be exaggerated, embellished, or simply not based on research. However, the information could be very accurate.
1. Select an article about a specific nutrition recommendation or a specific nutrition supplement from a Health and Fitness magazine or website. Most Health and Fitness magazines and websites now hire a Nutrition and/or Fitness professional to write their nutrition related articles. Thus, instead of an article, you can choose information from a retail website, an online advertisement, or information listed on a supplement container.
Please note: supplements that are very new (so new that research has not yet been conducted) would not be a good choice for this assignment. Also, do not select Creatine, as its proposed benefits are well documented.
2. Research the same nutrition recommendation or supplement using sources such as published research, scientific journals, textbooks, or reliable websites (commonly ending with .edu, .gov, or .org).
Instructions
1. List your selected Nutrition Recommendation or Supplement.
2. List the exact source of the claims or proposed benefits (magazine, website, advertisement, actual supplement container, etc.). If possible, provide a web link. If using a print advertisement or supplement container, submit a picture or photo.
3. List the exact claims and/or proposed benefits from your selected magazine article, website, advertisement, commercial, or supplement container.
4. Using reputable sources, summarize actual research results of the claims or benefits from #3. Two paragraphs minimum.
5. Provide at least 2 references. Our textbook can be used for 1 of the 2 references. Use APA style and format when listing and citing your references. See the Week 2 folder for information on APA style.
6. Compare the information from #3 and #4. One paragraph minimum.
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APA Format
Due Friday April 5, 2019
Running head: HEALTHCARE POLICY ASSESSMENT
1
HEALTHCARE POLICY ASSESSMENT
2
Healthcare Policy Assessment
Dr. Timothy Smith
Darrin Clanton
PAD 510: Introduction to Public Policy Analysis
January 18, 2019
Healthcare Policy Assessment
Introduction
A presidential administration often works towards the improvement of the society. This is done through the implementation of different federal policies which act as facilitators towards specific objectives. In America, it is possible to trace specific social challenges that have existed since time immemorial. The phenomenon has led to different presidential administrations instituting the same federal policy as an effort to r.
The U.S. created Medicaid, a publically funded healthcare progra.docx
The U.S. created Medicaid, a publically funded healthcare program, to assist people in obtaining healthcare services. Explore Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP).
Answer the following questions:
Explain the legislation that introduced Medicaid. Your explanation should include a description of the funding sources for the program.
Describe some of the changes, including CHIP, that have occurred to the Medicaid program since its inception.
Explain the demographics of the majority of people covered by Medicaid and identify how many people in the U.S. are covered by Medicaid.
Describe the changes that will occur in Medicaid with the ACA.
Resources:
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid. (2015). CMS program history. Retrieved
from https://www.cms.gov/About-CMS/Agency-Information/History/index.html?redirect=/History/.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid. (2015). Affordable Care Act. Retrieved
from http://www.medicaid.gov/affordablecareact/affordable-care-act.html.
Cite sources and provide references for the citations in APA format.
Submission Details:
Your assignment should be addressed in a 2- to 3-page document.
...
Hca 305 week 5 discussion questions
This document contains discussion questions and assignments for an HCA 305 healthcare administration course. It includes questions about factors that impact healthcare expenditures in the US and how US healthcare spending compares to other countries. It also addresses healthcare reform, quality improvement in hospitals, choosing healthcare providers, and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Students are asked to discuss, analyze, and provide opinions on these healthcare administration topics.
Discussion questions – Twain, The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg.docx
Discussion questions – Twain, “The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg”
Mark Twain wrote this story in 1898, toward the end of his career, and long after publishing his masterpieces
Tom Sawyer
and
Huckleberry Finn
. However, “Hadleyburg” reflects one concern that interested Twain throughout his entire career: the sarcastic skewering of middle-class morality and mannerisms. We will examine Twain’s critique of the false righteousness and hidden hypocrisies of common, civilized life as an example of Realism.
1. Hadleyburg prides itself on the honesty of its citizens. However, this focus on honesty has allowed other, less moral attitudes to take root and grow among the people. Find 2 passages that reveal at least two different sinful attitudes shared by the citizens of Hadleyburg.
2. The stranger’s plot is perfectly designed to attack the one source of pride of the townspeople. Focus on the scene describing the night the owner of the sack of gold is to be revealed. Explain what Twain to saying about human nature through the behavior of Wilson the lawyer. Find 1 passage that supports your interpretation. (Hint: Does Wilson tell the truth?)
2a. Also, Dr. Harkness ends up buying the sack of (fake) gold. Why does he do this, and what is Twain trying to say about politics and morality through that subplot? Find 1 passage that supports your interpretation. (Hint: Harkness creates a fake story about the gold. Also, why is he desperate to win the election?)
3. The Richardses were spared the humiliation the other nineteen families experienced. They even receive a reward for $38,500! However, their lives end miserably. Their miserable end is related to the one moral weakness that Richards consistently exhibits throughout the story. What is this weakness (it’s not greed) and explain how it causes a terrible ending to the Richardses’ lives. Find 1 passage that reveals this weakness.
.
Discussion Questions The difficulty in predicting the future is .docx
Discussion Questions
: “The difficulty in predicting the future is that the outcomes are unreliable, due to the occurrence of wild-card events that distort the relatively well-understand trends for the near to mid-future.” Offer an example of such a “wild-card” event and some ways in which the security professional might address it in an effective manner. Regarding the need for the security industry as a whole to maintain the professionalism and competencies needed to address emerging threats and hazards, what do you feel are its primary areas of weakness and what proposals could you offer to address them?
The Future of the Security
When considering what awaits the security profession in the years to come and those that will operate within it, developments and forecasts related to security science will in large part be impacted by what has occurred in the past and in present day. What
might
occur, what is most
plausible
and
feasible
given current and expected occurrences, and what has proven to be effective (or not) will all need to be considered in determining those issues that will remain relevant or change. So predicting the future (not in the form of Nostradamus or similar prophets) as it relates to security is a technique that considers probable or desirable outcomes in the face of known or anticipated risks. So given this backdrop, where is security heading?
Physical Security
As long as there are structures that people operate within and house various assets, there will continue to be a need to offer needed protection related to them. All of the topics discussed in this course related to walls, fencing, sensors, alarm systems, guards, locks, and other such issues will be needed in some form or fashion. Whether through manual or technological means, these will remain a constant for the security administrator in providing appropriate defensive measures for the material, tangible assets they oversee. Concerning technology, the same trend will continue in serving as a needed aid in providing security moving forward. Mobile devices of various types, functions, capabilities, and their ability to access data, the ever-increasing use of robotics and the functions they can carry out, sensors that will be able to gain more intelligence regarding detection, and high frequency security cameras that will have the capability to verify the chemical compound of an object at a distance are just some of the many technical innovations on the horizon. Yet, just as technology has taken on a greater role in providing these efforts, so too does technology represent ever-increasing concerns to the security manager.
Cyber Security
As society becomes connected on an ever-increasing basis, attention must be directed towards what implications this environment has related to not only security, but related privacy concerns as well. In
Future Scenarios and Challenges for Security and Privacy
(2016, Williams, Axon, Nurse, & Creese), the researchers took a ver.
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Running Head: POLITICS AND HEALTH CASE SYSTEMS IN US
POLITICS AND HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN US. 5
Politics and Healthcare System in USComment by James A Love: This is a good first outline. Please read the comments I have inserted below, and let me know if you have questions.
Name
School/College
September 11, 2015
Outline
Title: Politics and Healthcare System in US
Thesis: The healthcare delivery system in the US has undergone noticeable gradual improvements from the financing sector, insurance sector, delivery and quality sector even though many politicians politicize the gaps in healthcare for their own benefits with the pretense of initiating reforms to the sector.
I. Introduction
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B. Thesis: The healthcare delivery system in the US has undergone noticeable gradual improvements from the financing sector, insurance sector, delivery and quality sector even though many politicians politicize the gaps in healthcare for their own benefits with the pretense of initiating reforms to the sector.Comment by James A Love: This claim will need citing for support.Comment by James A Love: This claim will need to supported with specific citations.
II. Background Comment by James A Love: The ‘background’ is appropriate here. It is essentially your ‘literature review’. I think you can use either section title, but you should include multiple citations of articles that discuss “politics in healthcare” spanning history.
A. The aim is to discuss the association between politics and healthcare and to try and find out the roles politics has played in reforming the healthcare sector.
III. Formation of acts to offer medical securityComment by James A Love: Section III, IV, and V seem like they should be the major subsections within section II.
A. Formation of social security act of 1935
a. Provide unemployment compensationComment by James A Love:
b. Provide old-age pensions
c. Other benefits
1. Provision of federal funds for hospital construction
B. Kerr-mills act of 1960
a. Federal matching payments
b. Elderly disabled and poor
IV. The election of some prominent leaders in the US
A. Kennedy, 1961
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B. Lyndon Johnson 1963
a. Initiated the Great Society’s War on Poverty Program
b. Medicare
C. Nixon
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b. National Health Insurance Partnership Act
1. Family Health Insurance Plan
i. Offers health insurance to low income families
2. National Health Insurance Standards Act
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The Theme of Love in Sula
by The Theme Of Love In Sula The Theme Of Love In Sula
Submission date: 28-Jan-2020 05:02AM (UTC-0500)
Submission ID: 1247614195
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Word count: 173
Character count: 894
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The Theme of Love in Sulaby The Theme Of Love In Sula The Theme Of Love In SulaThe Theme of Love in SulaORIGINALITY REPORTPRIMARY SOURCES
Running head: IMPACT OF THE ACA ON HEALTH CARE
1
IMPACT OF THE ACA ON HEALTH CARE
4
Impact of the ACA on Health Care
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Impact of the ACA on the Health Care
Affordable Care Act (ACA) is one of the legislative laws that played an important role in redefining the health sector in the United States. The Act has been instrumental in ensuring medical coverage to enable citizens to acquire affordable health care services. The paper examines the impact of the ACA in healthcare as well as the effect that would be experienced if the law is repealed.
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The law also contained provisions that intended to increase the accessibility of health insurance. When the law was enacted, it ensured that the coverage of children is extended to cover up to individuals of age 26 (Eguia et al., 2020). Therefore, the law led ensured led to increasing of medical coverage among the target population. Upon the enactment of the law, the number of young adults that got covered increased from one million to three million.
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Phase 1 - Research Data Collection
Name:
Points: 50
States:
Due: Week 5
Country:
Source
Topics Covered (bulleted list)
Citation Information (MLA Style)
1.Journal articles
(Press enter if you reach the bottom of the cell and need more space.)
· Financial aspect to the health care services and delivery.
· Shortages of health professionals.
· Main source of finance to health care services
· Linkage with other organization.
(Press tab to move to next row.)
Reagan, Michael D. The accidental system: health care policy in America. Routledge, 2018.
2.Videos
· Health care delivery checks on the personnel and facilities available for use.
· Poor teamwork in the health sector by health providers.
· Health professionals at the delivery of services.
Khan Academy. “Healthcare system overview | Health care system | Heatlh & Medicine | Khan Academy” Youtube. Retrieved at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMHxxvbzFqc
3.Government Data
· Environmental impact on the health care services delivery.
· Details on the socio-economic and political aspect to health care system.
· Marginalize areas in terms of health provision.
United States Census Bureau. “Health Insurance Coverage in the United States” 2017
4.Insurance Data
· Payment mode in private and public health care system.
· Implementation of laws in the health sectors
· Need for worker compensation.
United States Census Bureau. “Health Insurance Coverage in the United States” 2017
5.Related articles of professionals organizations
· Rural access to health care services systems.
· Outdoor-Community health care.
· Good road networks to allow health services reach.
· Challenges of the health care delivery in rural areas.
Osman, Ferdous Arfina, and Sara Bennett. "Political Economy and Quality of Primary Health Service in Rural Bangladesh and the United States of America: A Comparative Analysis." Journal of International Development (2018).
6. Shi and Singh textbook
· Health services financing.
· Health care delivery policies and priorities.
· Proper health organization management.
. Shi, Leiyu. Delivering Health Care in America : a Systems Approach. Sudbury, Mass. :Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2012.
Phase 2:
Comparison-contrast chart
Name Adedotun Adereti
The U.S. / UK comparison-contrast chart.
U.S
U.K
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· In the U.K healthcare is funded highly by taxation through the National Health Services.
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Comparing Magazine or Online Nutrition Information* with Published Research.
Scientific research sometimes contraindicates nutrition information in Health and Fitness magazines or from retail supplement stores. The information may not be completely false, but the information could be exaggerated, embellished, or simply not based on research. However, the information could be very accurate.
1. Select an article about a specific nutrition recommendation or a specific nutrition supplement from a Health and Fitness magazine or website. Most Health and Fitness magazines and websites now hire a Nutrition and/or Fitness professional to write their nutrition related articles. Thus, instead of an article, you can choose information from a retail website, an online advertisement, or information listed on a supplement container.
Please note: supplements that are very new (so new that research has not yet been conducted) would not be a good choice for this assignment. Also, do not select Creatine, as its proposed benefits are well documented.
2. Research the same nutrition recommendation or supplement using sources such as published research, scientific journals, textbooks, or reliable websites (commonly ending with .edu, .gov, or .org).
Instructions
1. List your selected Nutrition Recommendation or Supplement.
2. List the exact source of the claims or proposed benefits (magazine, website, advertisement, actual supplement container, etc.). If possible, provide a web link. If using a print advertisement or supplement container, submit a picture or photo.
3. List the exact claims and/or proposed benefits from your selected magazine article, website, advertisement, commercial, or supplement container.
4. Using reputable sources, summarize actual research results of the claims or benefits from #3. Two paragraphs minimum.
5. Provide at least 2 references. Our textbook can be used for 1 of the 2 references. Use APA style and format when listing and citing your references. See the Week 2 folder for information on APA style.
6. Compare the information from #3 and #4. One paragraph minimum.
This Assignment must be typed, and please number the various parts of your submitted assignment (as noted in the Instructions above: 1, 2, and so on).
APA Format
Due Friday April 5, 2019
Running head: HEALTHCARE POLICY ASSESSMENT
1
HEALTHCARE POLICY ASSESSMENT
2
Healthcare Policy Assessment
Dr. Timothy Smith
Darrin Clanton
PAD 510: Introduction to Public Policy Analysis
January 18, 2019
Healthcare Policy Assessment
Introduction
A presidential administration often works towards the improvement of the society. This is done through the implementation of different federal policies which act as facilitators towards specific objectives. In America, it is possible to trace specific social challenges that have existed since time immemorial. The phenomenon has led to different presidential administrations instituting the same federal policy as an effort to r.
Comparing Magazine or Online Nutrition Information with Published.docx
Comparing Magazine or Online Nutrition Information* with Published Research.
Scientific research sometimes contraindicates nutrition information in Health and Fitness magazines or from retail supplement stores. The information may not be completely false, but the information could be exaggerated, embellished, or simply not based on research. However, the information could be very accurate.
1. Select an article about a specific nutrition recommendation or a specific nutrition supplement from a Health and Fitness magazine or website. Most Health and Fitness magazines and websites now hire a Nutrition and/or Fitness professional to write their nutrition related articles. Thus, instead of an article, you can choose information from a retail website, an online advertisement, or information listed on a supplement container.
Please note: supplements that are very new (so new that research has not yet been conducted) would not be a good choice for this assignment. Also, do not select Creatine, as its proposed benefits are well documented.
2. Research the same nutrition recommendation or supplement using sources such as published research, scientific journals, textbooks, or reliable websites (commonly ending with .edu, .gov, or .org).
Instructions
1. List your selected Nutrition Recommendation or Supplement.
2. List the exact source of the claims or proposed benefits (magazine, website, advertisement, actual supplement container, etc.). If possible, provide a web link. If using a print advertisement or supplement container, submit a picture or photo.
3. List the exact claims and/or proposed benefits from your selected magazine article, website, advertisement, commercial, or supplement container.
4. Using reputable sources, summarize actual research results of the claims or benefits from #3. Two paragraphs minimum.
5. Provide at least 2 references. Our textbook can be used for 1 of the 2 references. Use APA style and format when listing and citing your references. See the Week 2 folder for information on APA style.
6. Compare the information from #3 and #4. One paragraph minimum.
This Assignment must be typed, and please number the various parts of your submitted assignment (as noted in the Instructions above: 1, 2, and so on).
APA Format
Due Friday April 5, 2019
Running head: HEALTHCARE POLICY ASSESSMENT
1
HEALTHCARE POLICY ASSESSMENT
2
Healthcare Policy Assessment
Dr. Timothy Smith
Darrin Clanton
PAD 510: Introduction to Public Policy Analysis
January 18, 2019
Healthcare Policy Assessment
Introduction
A presidential administration often works towards the improvement of the society. This is done through the implementation of different federal policies which act as facilitators towards specific objectives. In America, it is possible to trace specific social challenges that have existed since time immemorial. The phenomenon has led to different presidential administrations instituting the same federal policy as an effort to r.
The U.S. created Medicaid, a publically funded healthcare progra.docx
The U.S. created Medicaid, a publically funded healthcare program, to assist people in obtaining healthcare services. Explore Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP).
Answer the following questions:
Explain the legislation that introduced Medicaid. Your explanation should include a description of the funding sources for the program.
Describe some of the changes, including CHIP, that have occurred to the Medicaid program since its inception.
Explain the demographics of the majority of people covered by Medicaid and identify how many people in the U.S. are covered by Medicaid.
Describe the changes that will occur in Medicaid with the ACA.
Resources:
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid. (2015). CMS program history. Retrieved
from https://www.cms.gov/About-CMS/Agency-Information/History/index.html?redirect=/History/.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid. (2015). Affordable Care Act. Retrieved
from http://www.medicaid.gov/affordablecareact/affordable-care-act.html.
Cite sources and provide references for the citations in APA format.
Submission Details:
Your assignment should be addressed in a 2- to 3-page document.
...
Hca 305 week 5 discussion questions
This document contains discussion questions and assignments for an HCA 305 healthcare administration course. It includes questions about factors that impact healthcare expenditures in the US and how US healthcare spending compares to other countries. It also addresses healthcare reform, quality improvement in hospitals, choosing healthcare providers, and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Students are asked to discuss, analyze, and provide opinions on these healthcare administration topics.
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and
Huckleberry Finn
. However, “Hadleyburg” reflects one concern that interested Twain throughout his entire career: the sarcastic skewering of middle-class morality and mannerisms. We will examine Twain’s critique of the false righteousness and hidden hypocrisies of common, civilized life as an example of Realism.
1. Hadleyburg prides itself on the honesty of its citizens. However, this focus on honesty has allowed other, less moral attitudes to take root and grow among the people. Find 2 passages that reveal at least two different sinful attitudes shared by the citizens of Hadleyburg.
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: “The difficulty in predicting the future is that the outcomes are unreliable, due to the occurrence of wild-card events that distort the relatively well-understand trends for the near to mid-future.” Offer an example of such a “wild-card” event and some ways in which the security professional might address it in an effective manner. Regarding the need for the security industry as a whole to maintain the professionalism and competencies needed to address emerging threats and hazards, what do you feel are its primary areas of weakness and what proposals could you offer to address them?
The Future of the Security
When considering what awaits the security profession in the years to come and those that will operate within it, developments and forecasts related to security science will in large part be impacted by what has occurred in the past and in present day. What
might
occur, what is most
plausible
and
feasible
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Physical Security
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Discussion questions – Dunbar
Paul Lawrence Dunbar was a pioneering African-American literary artist. He was among the first black writers who achieved fame among predominantly white audiences with the accurate use of black vernacular and realistic depictions of the attitudes of African Americans while using the literary styles and conventions familiar to white writers. Only within the past twenty years have literary critics begun to appreciate the subtle and perceptive criticism of racial relations he provides beneath the smooth artistry of his works.
1. Dunbar’s “Mr. Cornelius” is extremely naturalistic, with Cornelius struggling against, and eventually losing to, large forces. What are the forces that are arrayed against him (2)? Find a passage that describes each force.
(Hint: Economics, discrimination, as well as emotional weakness are some examples of large forces.)
2. Dunbar was well aware of the story of the slave’s flight north to freedom, a traditional African-American narrative made famous by such works as Frederick Douglass’s
Narrative
and Harriet Beecher Stowe’s
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
. How is Dunbar’s story an ironic, inverted version of the flight-to-freedom story? What is Dunbar trying to say about the status of African Americans in a society newly changed by slavery’s end?
(Hint: Cornelius is from the south. Washington D.C. is north. Does going north mean freedom for him? He must return south at the end—what does going south mean for him?)
.
Discussion Questions Identify the top three threats to the home.docx
Discussion Questions:
Identify the top three threats to the homeland and describe why you chose those as the primary threats. Considering specific terrorist tactics that have been or could be used in the homeland, which do you consider to be the most intimidating and which do you see as the most likely to be used?
.
Discussion questions – Hurston Zora Neal Hurston attended Ho.docx
Discussion questions – Hurston
Zora Neal Hurston attended Howard University, then Barnard College, and studied anthropology while becoming a popular figure of the Harlem Renaissance. Her studies earned her a post-graduate fellowship to study Southern black folktales. These folktales become the basis for her fiction. During her life, Hurston’s writing, while popular with general audiences, was not well-received by critics, particular black literary reviewers who wanted her to focus more on racial inequality. After being wrongly accused of a crime, Hurston finished her career in poverty and obscurity. She has recently become an extremely important writer for her depictions of black women, particularly in the now-acclaimed
Their Eyes Were Watching God
(1937).
2. Hurston’s “How It Feels to Be Colored Me” is a modernist-style literary montage—a series of (loosely organized) images, impressions, memories, observations on experiencing life as a black woman. The montage is quite humorous since she often states that she doesn’t know what “colored” is. The montage can be broken down into a diverse set of themes. Find 1 passage for each theme:
a. earliest memories of life before she knew what “race” was
b. the idea of “race” is imposed on her by others
c. moments where she recognizes her racial identity emerging suddenly
d. she lives a life that is bigger than what “race” tells her she must be
Please use the Answer Sandwich method to answer each question. The passages you add to your answer should be around 2-4 sentences long. Please include a page reference.
Keep in mind that I may select any of these questions to be the upcoming quiz question. Also, I use these discussion questions to create the exams and the major paper assignment. So do your best on each question.
https://bucket-hozzify.storage.googleapis.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/08211149/Robert-S.-Levine_-Michael-A.-Elliott_-Sandra-M.-Gustafson_-Amy-Hungerford_-Mary-Loeffelholz-The-Norton-Anthology-of-American-Literature-Volumes-C-D-E-W.-W.-Norton-Company-2016.pdf
.
Discussion Questions Compare and contrast through a critical an.docx
Discussion Questions
: Compare and contrast through a critical analysis of the following laws and strategies with an emphasis on how they enhance port maritime operations: Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002, The SAFE Port Act, and The Small Vessel Security Strategy.
Response must be 400 words or more in APA style format.
.
Discussion questions (self evaluation)Examine nursing roles th.docx
Discussion questions (self evaluation)
Examine nursing roles that meet the emerging health needs of individuals, families, communities and populations.
Explore historical, legal, social, cultural, political, and economic forces that influence the client, nursing practice, and the health care system.
Evaluate strategies that can be used by public and community health nurses to improve the health status and eliminate health disparities of vulnerable populations.
Predict trends in lifestyles that will affect the health of communities and the future challenges for nursing.
Plan, analyze, implement and evaluate public health surveillance and outbreak investigation
Develop strategies to deliver nursing care in the preparedness, response, and recovery phases of disaster management.
Initial should have 400 words. Reference in APA format 7th edition.
.
Discussion QuestionReflecting on what you have learned abou.docx
Discussion Question:
Reflecting on what you have learned about the social determinants of health, SDOH, how can nurses work collaboratively with physicians and other health care professionals to improve primary care, reduce overutilization and improve underutilization of healthcare services? Include in your response how fostering an environment of diversity and cultural awareness among healthcare providers builds a stronger healthcare team and improves care delivery to healthcare consumers.
Initial 400 words. Reference APA format 7th edition.
.
Discussion questionMotivation is the all-ensuing mechanism t.docx
Discussion question
Motivation is the all-ensuing mechanism that determines how much and how well a student will learn. Treating it as strictly an internal mechanism, explain how learners; needs, goals, beliefs, interests, and emotions can influence their motivation to learn.
RESPOND TO THESE STUDENTS POSTS
Tashi post
Motivation is something that looks different in everyone. When we look at what motivates one person and assume we can teach based on that, we will not be successful in reaching all students. Looking at motivation strictly from an intrinsic lens, meaning a student’s needs, goals, beliefs, interests and emotions, teachers need many resources. I think that one of the biggest tools that teachers need is relationships. Understanding where a student’s motivation is coming from, or not coming from, can lead to engagement. For example, if a student’s basic needs are not being met, they will not be motivated to learn their math facts because they have greater needs. This is where the relationship and understanding of where students are at is so important for a teacher. They have the ability to create goals with these students. However, on the flip side, a student that knows they want to go to college may be motivated based on their goals for themselves and will engage because they want to do well and achieve a goal in the future.
Motivation can create opportunity as well as hinder progress. It is so important in education. A student’s belief in themselves can create these opportunities or hinder their progress as well. Understanding how a teacher can use motivation through an intrinsic lens can help all students in their class.
Jasmine post
Motivation is defined as the processes that initiate, direct, and sustain behavior. Motivated students put out more effort, persist longer, learn more, and score higher on tests (Lazowski & Hulleman, 2016). Intrinsic motivation is the natural human tendency to seek out and conquer challenges as we pursue personal interests and exercise our capabilities. When we are intrinsically motivated, we do not need incentives or punishments, because the activity itself is satisfying and rewarding (Anderman & Anderman, 2014; Deci & Ryan, 2002; Reiss, 2004). When I think of intrinsic motivation I don't associate it with younger children as much as I would with older children. I can relate to intrinsic motivation myself because just learning something new motivates me to learn more. Also, seeing those A's and B's keeps me wanting to learn more. I feel the more I learn the more I'll be able to teach someone in the future. That is motivation enough for me to keep going. The students I currently work with get excited when they are able to identify numbers and letters and this motivates them to keep learning. You can see the excitement on their faces when they answer something correctly.
.
Discussion QuestionHow much, if any, action on ergonomics in th.docx
Discussion Question:
How much, if any, action on ergonomics in the work-place should rely on the voluntary actions of employers (as favored by George W. Bush) and how much should be mandatory on the part of managements. Explain.
Read the following:
Chapter 9 – Institutional Issues under Collective Bargaining
Chapter 10 – Administrative Issues under Collective Bargaining
Chapter Summaries
Chapter 9 – Institutional Issues under Collective Bargaining
The rights and duties of the employers, employees, and unions are the institutional issues of collective bargaining. On occasion, they can be more troublesome than the economic questions involved with wages and benefits. Some of the longest and most bitter strikes have resulted from conflict over the institutional questions of labor relations.
One of the most controversial issues is union membership as a condition of employment. Labor organizations seeking greater security have negotiated a number of compulsory union membership devices, the most common being the union shop. The closed shop, maintenance-of-membership arrangement, agency shop, and the preferential shop are other security measures that appear less frequently. The growth of the union shop is best explained by the Taft-Hartley prohibition of the closed shop in firms engaged in interstate commerce. The goal of each of these measures is to establish and maintain the institutional security of the union. Such devices are present in about 82 percent of today’s collective bargaining contracts.
There are elements of morality, labor relations stability, and power in this area. Union security may provide stability in industrial relations, but is it moral to compel a worker to join a union? Are these ideological and philosophical issues a mere disguise for the real goal, increased power and influence? Some twenty-two states now have legislation that bans any form of compulsory union membership. These “right-to-work” laws are formidable obstacles in the path of union institutional security. Although Congress has preemptive power in the field of interstate commerce, this state legislation is likely to be allowed to stand.
More than 95 percent of current contracts contain a checkoff procedure by which the employer collects union dues, and often other fees, by deduction from the worker’s paycheck. The advantage to the union is a savings of time and money. The checkoff also can benefit the employer, which explains why it is not a crucial issue of negotiation. Taft-Hartley requires the written authorization of the employee for such an arrangement, which is irrevocable for one year, or the duration of the contract, whichever is shorter. Usually the individual has an annual opportunity to rescind his authorization. If he or she does not, the checkoff remains in force for another year.
The obligations of the union are typically set down in one or more provisions of the contract. The most important is a pledge by the union not to strik.
Discussion QuestionConsider a popular supplement you andor y.docx
Discussion Question:
Consider a popular supplement you and/or your family and friends take.
Can you think of a supplement that is commonly taken that could easily be replaced by eating more of a certain food or type of foods?
Is there a population group that would find it more difficult to get the recommended amount of vitamins and minerals through diet changes?
.
Discussion QuestionDiscuss opportunities for innovation and en.docx
Discussion Question
Discuss opportunities for innovation and entrepreneurship in emerging global markets, particularly those with a growing middle class, or those where harsh economic conditions dictate the need for innovation if basic human needs are to be met.
What steps must be taken to encourage innovation in these markets?
Will the same incentives and techniques be effective in all emerging markets?
What can be done in instances where government does not encourage or is even hostile to entrepreneurship?
Design and present a list of talking points you might use when you meet with industry and government leaders in one of these markets as you attempt to build a creative mind-set among local civic leaders, businesses, and citizens.
The final paragraph (three or four sentences) of your initial post should summarize the one or two key points that you are making in your initial response.
Your posting should be about 1 page (400 to 500 words) in length.
.
Discussion Question(s)Im interested in the role of women-- in t.docx
Discussion Question(s)
I'm interested in the role of women-- in the colonial family, in colonial society, etc. Based on what you've read in the book (and in lecture), how much power do you think women had in colonial Latin America? what kind of control were they able to exert? (keep in mind two things: the patriarchal system, and the fact that patriarchy does not equal one-sided dominance.)
Lecture 9
Your author for this course, Burkholder (et. al.)*, states from the outset of the chapter we are reading this week that the Family is the foundation of colonial society (p. 216). That is a bold statement, especially since so much of colonial Latin America is built on violence, religion, labor, and the construction of Spanish political structures once Spaniards started settling in the Americas. However, he states it more clearly than I can when he says, "while race, wealth, occupation, and gender all helped to identify an individual's position in the social structure,
these elements were usually evaluated in the framework of a broadly defined family
" (p. 216).
Think about some of the issues that we talked about last week concerning race (which I know is still fresh in your mind!). Among the issues that the lecture, the reading, and all the rest of us in this class discussed was how race was a bit more slippery than we usually think about it in the United States (this of course does not make it any less harmful, just different). Nonetheless, if we think about all the moves that some people were able to make racially-- up or down the ladder/hierarchy, depending on the situation-- a lot of those moves were not only based on the ideology of the family, but they were also decided on those terms as well. In other words, the ideology of the family helped organize colonial Latin American societies-- not just husband, wife, kids, grandparents, etc. Families were more than blood relations, but rather a collective of biological and fictive relationships that offer a means for people navigate colonial society both economically and politically.
Family meant a lot of different things, but most of all, it is important to remember that being a member of a family was certainly about marriage and blood relations, but it was also kind of like being a member of a "crew" (is that a word that people use these days? Yes? No? I'm a little old, so maybe there is a new word). Anyway, marriages, parentage, god-parentage, and even simply being close enough to a family to be considered part of it almost always had political implications. Like I said, it was how people made their moves.
Let's take marriage as an example. Because the population of colonial Latin America was diverse from the beginning (marriages or coupling between native folks and Spaniards in the early years of conquest and settlement started the ball rolling on a rather mixed population), people in different
castas,
(or "racial castes"-- people who were of mixed descent/race) would use marria.
Discussion Question(s)Why do you think that Native Allies and Af.docx
Discussion Question(s)
Why do you think that Native Allies and African Conquistadors were not mentioned in European accounts of the conquest? Do you think it was intentional or unintentional? Why?
Portrayals of Malintzin have been unfair to her, historically. My question is this: why do you think the stories have been so unfair to her, while Cortes and other conquistadors are either rewarded or ignored for actually carrying out the conquest?
How do your readings connect to either of these questions?
Lecture 3- Steamrolling?
"Malintzin was the indigenous woman who translated for Hernando Cortés in his dealings with the Aztec emperor Moctezuma in the days of 1519 to 1521. "Malintzin," at least, was what the Indians called her. The Spanish called her doña Marina, and she has become known to posterity as La Malinche. As Malinche, she has long been regarded as a traitor to her people, a dangerously sexy, scheming woman who gave Cortés whatever he wanted out of her own self-interest.
The life of the real woman, however, was much more complicated. She was sold into slavery as a child, and eventually given away to the Spanish as a concubine and cook. If she managed to make something more out of her life--and she did--it is difficult to say at what point she did wrong."
Actually, that is a good question: what did she do wrong? Not much, it turns out-- having been sold by her family, and again by the subsequent owners, exactly what kind of loyalty was she supposed to have? Who was it that she was supposed to not "sell out?" No one, it turns out. Historians today know that she was doing her best to stay alive, and make a life for herself, and given her situation and life experiences, it is hard to expect anything more.
For me, at least, this raises a simple question: why are people in such a hurry to blame Malintzin for the conquest, when, in fact, they should be blaming the Spanish? Why did the blame shift to her, instead of where it should have been-- on Cortes and his men? Just curious.
The Indigenous Allies:
Check out this Prezi presentation! Short and sweet! Think about it alongside your readings! (Links to an external site.)
ñ
Spanish, Slavery, and Encomiendas (Early Colonial Period)
In U.S. History, people debate quite a lot about the plight of Native Americans. Some people believe that Native Americans were given a chance to be a part of the developing American culture, others say they were not. Still others, citing the diminishing numbers of Native Americans and the active role that the U.S. government and its white citizens took in killing and displacing Native Americans, call it genocide. In Latin America, it is a little more complicated.
The removal, displacement, and murder of Native Americans is undeniable in U.S. history, but such actions did not take place in Mexico, or other parts of Latin America, at least not on the same scale. The reason for this is that the goals of the British and the Spanish were different wh.
Discussion Question(This post must be at least 200 words.)What d.docx
Discussion Question(This post must be at least 200 words.)
What do you think of the tone of "Orders Given to the Twelve"? What
was
the tone? Do you think it is appropriate for the kind of document it is, given when it was written, and why it was written? Why or why not? How does that contrast to the tone in the second document (The Holy Men Respond...)?
Lecture, Week 4
Lecture------
Here is an excerpt from a historian (Camille Townsend) who talks about some of the myths surrounding Cortes's arrival in Mexico (keep an eye out for what I put in bold):
"In 1552, Francisco López De Gómara, who had been
chaplain
and secretary to Hernando Cortes while he lived out his old age in Spain, published an account of the conquest of Mexico. López de Gómara himself had never been to the New World, but he could envision it nonetheless. "Many [Indians] came to gape at the strange men, now so famous, and at their attire, arms and horses, and they said,
'These men are gods!' "
The
chaplain
was one of the first to claim in print that the Mexicans had believed the conquistadors to be divine. Among the welter of statements made in the Old World about inhabitants of the New, this one found particular resonance. It was repeated with enthusiasm, and soon a specific version gained credence: the Mexicans had apparently believed in a god named Quetzalcoatl, who long ago had disappeared in the east, promising to return from that direction on a certain date. In an extraordinary coincidence, Cortes appeared off the coast in that very year and was mistaken for Quetzalcoatl by the devout Indians."
Of course, Townsend continues by saying that no educated person really believes this story. In fact, it was largely fabricated by a chaplain who had never been to the Americas, but rather was taking care of Cortes in Spain during his last years.
Much has been made about the role of the church during the early years of the conquest, and I think that much of what has been written in recent years has been fair, even if they have been criticizing the church for many years. The truth is, the Catholic church (or its representatives back in the colonial period in Latin America) were quite rough on the indigenous people throughout Latin America, calling it a "spiritual conquest."
You will also remember from last week's lecture, when we talked about the ways in which encomiendas were being used, and how Antonio de Montesinos basically called out all of the
encomenderos
and called them bad Christians for not preaching to them while they were essentially enslaving indigenous folks on the land that the Spanish crown granted them.
I bring up this point because it is often forgotten that the military conquest and the "spiritual conquest" of Latin America go hand in hand.
A few years ago, Pope Francis admitted as much (not quite), when he apologized for all of the things that the Catholic Church and its representatives did to the indigenous people in Latin America durin.
Discussion Question(s)What were the colonial misgivings about m.docx
Discussion Question(s)
What were the colonial misgivings about "monarchy-wide
cortes
in February of 1810 (p. 350). What do you think of the relationship between the monarchy (or the Central Junta) and the colonials in Spanish America? Do you think that the
criollos
were waiting for independence the whole time? Why or why not?
Lecture 13
Over the last two weeks, we talked about the Caroline and Bourbon Reforms in Spanish America, and I am sure that after reading Chapters 9 and 10, you feel like movements for Independence in colonial Latin America were only days away from happening (maybe only a week, since I post these on Sunday). But no!
As upset as the
criollos
might have been by the dramatic economic and political changes that occurred (not the least of which the fact that the power that they had worked for generations to gain was being taken away by
peninsulares
), the
criollos
still remained loyal to the Spanish Crown. Independence was certainly something that was whispered about in dark corners, but only by the bold, and perhaps the stupid. If we start during this era of Independence in the Americas, we
have
to start with the American Revolution--
Hey-- I'm not happy about it either (this is
Latin American History
darn it!)!
But the American Revolution was the first war for independence in the Americas, so it certainly played an important role.
Kind of.
I mean, your book is kind of right-- the French Revolution definitely played a much bigger role, but keep in mind:
1) The American Revolution was fought from around 1775 to about 1783
2) The French Revolution was fought from 1789 through the 1790s.
Just because the American Revolution was first does not mean that it had a bigger influence than the French (it did NOT). However, keep in mind that the movements for independence throughout Latin America were just as much about ideas as they were about economics-- ok, they were
almost
as much about ideas as economics-- and thus, knowing that there was a neighbor to the north that was able to shrug off colonial power certainly had a psychological effect, if not quite a political one.
The truth is, the eventual movements of independence throughout Latin America was really a combination of things, but one of the largest factors was
time--
time was needed for these ideas to sink in, and time was needed for things to totally unravel in Europe.
And it really did start with the French Revolution, and Napoleon's rise to power:
No, not that Napoleon, THIS Napoleon:
Also happening in the late 18th century (the late 1700s) was the Haitian Revolution, which, if the world wasn't turned upside down already, it definitely was by then. Check out the generally informative Powerpoint I put together about the Haitian Revolution (via your email), and connect it to your text.
Freedom was happening everywhere, and it was happening in many different ways (and in Spain, it was happening largely in the context of Napoleon's at.
Discussion Question(s)The reading for this week was a grab bag o.docx
Discussion Question(s)
The reading for this week was a grab bag of different perspectives on life under colonial rule, or "living in an empire." They talked about the city and the countryside, religious life and secular life, popular culture, education, and intellectual development, and so on. Which of these sections struck you as being most interesting? Which struck you as being most important for the study of colonial (and perhaps modern!) Latin America? Why?
Lecture 10
What does it mean to live in an empire?
No, that's probably not what you were thinking. Instead, were you thinking something like this?
Maybe. Star Wars, for people who might not know (I don't know what college students are into these days), looks like a simple tale of good against evil. The evil empire fighting against a scrappy band of rebels intent on overthrowing their evil masters. In a sense, this might be the way that you see colonial Latin America, too-- the evil Spanish against the good indigenous people of the Americas. I wouldn't blame you, either-- after weeks of learning about the conquest, encomiendas, the mita system (under the Spanish) and the doings of the Catholic church (especially during the conquest), it would be easy to think of the Spanish empire (or the Spanish) as evil. In fact, I don't think I am going to try and convince you otherwise.
However, it might be worth remembering that we are looking at this history right now, in 2015-- not in the period itself. Therefore, whereas today you might think of the Spanish as evil, as time passed during the colonial era in Latin America, for the poor, the castas, and yes the indigenous folks, the Spanish and the Spanish colonial system was simply a way of life. It was something that they lived with, adjusted to, and yes, even sometimes rebelled against (locally, of course, not on a large scale. That happens later).
Therefore, to stretch the Star Wars metaphor even further (yikes), I would say that even though most of you might think of Spanish colonialism like this--
-- it is more likely that it was much more like this:
In other words, we can all agree that in hindsight that colonial Latin America was oppressive, but for most people, instead of plotting rebellion in their basements or back rooms, most people just tried to find a way to survive in the middle of it all, and make the best life they could for themselves despite the horrible conditions. So we can think about how nice and pure life would have been without the invasion of the Spanish, but since that was a luxury that the poor, the castas, and the indigenous people living in colonial Latin America did not have, we might instead think about the ways in which colonial society forced adjustments upon how various groups of people lived, as the colonial empire itself expanded and became more and more complex.
Spain asserted its control through urban planning. Cities were laid out in grids, centered on the most important government buil.
Discussion Question(s)Could Latin American reactions to the Bour.docx
Discussion Question(s)
Could Latin American reactions to the Bourbon (Caroline era) Reforms be attributed to intellectual change (Enlightenment), religious changes (expulsion of the Jesuits, for instance), economic change (taxes), or political change (taking criollos off their prestigious jobs and replacing them with Peninsulars)? Was it any one of these specifically? All of them? (and if you are going to say "all of them," do you think one might have had more influence than the others?) Why?
Lecture 12
This is where things start to get serious, because Spain isn't playing around anymore. Yes, we are still talking about the Bourbon Reforms- but more specifically, the Caroline Reforms (which happened during the reign of King Charles III, from 1759-1788). The reason that this is so important is because there was a lot of stuff happening during this period: rebellions, revolts, the expulsion of the Jesuits (a specific Catholic order of priests) from Spanish America and Spain, and perhaps most of all, more political reorganization.
But the question is the same as it was last week: why? Well, as we noted last week, there were a lot of conflicts in which Spain had found itself on the wrong side. Take, for example, The Seven Years' War: this particular war is known these days as the first true World War, but for a long time it was called the French and Indian War.
Oooh!!!!--- why was it called the "French and Indian War"? Because the people who named it that (British and British colonists in North America) believed that the world revolved around them. "we are fighting the French and the Indians-- let's call it the French and Indian War!" Of course, when you call it that you are ignoring the fact that it wasn't just the French, Indians, and British fighting one another. In fact, here is who was fighting:
1) France
2) Native Americans (on both sides in North America)
3) Britain
4) Saxony
5) Sweden
6) Russia
7) Prussia (basically Germany)
8) Hanover (basically more Germany)
9) Spain (later)
10) Portugal (later)
And this war (the fighting), with all these people involved, took place in:
1) Europe
2) Africa
3) North America
4) Philippines
5) India
6) Central America
The war was happening everywhere, it seems. And yet, people in the United States called it The French and Indian War. Dorks. I kind of want to tell the British and their colonists in North America this:
But that's why they called it the French and Indian War for so long.
In any case, Spain-- as noted above-- came late to the party, and joined the war on the French side in 1762.
As you might have predicted, this did not go well. France lost, but more importantly for our purposes, Spain lost by extension. And they lost big! First and foremost, they lost Cuba (albeit temporarily), they lost Florida-- gone forever in the Spanish empire (however, considering what it turned into in the 21st century,
maybe they dodged a bullet (this link is not for the faint of heart.
Discussion Question(s)Clearly there is potential for major probl.docx
Discussion Question(s)
Clearly there is potential for major problems as the Bourbon Reforms are enacted over much of the 18th century. What were those problems? In what way do you think the Spanish crown could have lessened the pain of these reforms while still maintaining control over the Spanish colonies? Or was there no hope? (and if there was no hope, why do you say that?)
Lecture 11
Wen I was a young undergraduate (at a community college in southern California that will remain nameless-- I will give you all one guess in our discussion forum), I remember the week that my class was to discuss The Bourbon Reforms.
Sadly, it was not about what I was hoping.
Sigh.
Nonetheless, I remember being really interested in what was happening, because it was at this point in the class that I started to see the long chain of events that led to independence throughout most Latin American countries.
See, before I learned about the Bourbon Reforms, I was under the impression that the Independence movements (and wars) in Latin America happened from the bottom-up, which is to say that I thought they were led by Mestizos, Castas, and indigenous folks. For example, think of Mexico: Father Hidalgo, a priest and a champion of the peasant classes in New Spain (Mexico), he brings all these different people together-- people who have been stepped on for too long by colonial powers, and he issues "El Grito,", which was a unified cry of the underrepresented people for independence! Together, they would finally throw off the yoke of Spanish oppression and lead their own country to INDEPENDENCE! Yaaaaaayyyyy!
Sadly, it didn't happen like that.
Yes, Father Hidalgo did issue "El Grito de Dolores," but the conditions that led to the independence movement in New Spain (and the changing of its name to Mexico) didn't hit the peasants the hardest (the peasants were already being hit pretty hard), and the Independence movement was not led by peasants, the working classes, nor the indigenous people-- even if they did spark it. In fact, some say that Father Hidalgo and the people following him didn't want independence...they just wanted a better king.
But let's save that disappointment for later.
See, when I took that class and learned what the Bourbon Reforms were, I started to understand why independence happened throughout much of Latin America in the early 19th century (1800s).
The Bourbon Reforms (and the Caroline Reforms within them) were a set of political, economic, and administrative changes that came from Spain.
Now, speaking quite generally, one of the biggest changes was one that happened gradually, then suddenly: the termination of the sale of
audiencia
positions. See, up until this point, much of Spanish Latin America operated on that old saying that I have brought up a few times, "
obedezco pero no cumplo
", which roughly translated means, "I obey but I do not comply." (you may have a better translation-- give it a shot in the forum!)
.
Discussion Question Week #1· Discover which agencies, in.docx
Discussion Question Week #1
· Discover which agencies, in your state, are responsible for public health of citizens.
· Research if there are centralized or decentralized management of state responsibilities?
· Determine minimum 3 key indicators of health.
· Review the agency sites and upload the links to the Moodleroom, week #1
· Be prepared to discuss in class, week #2
STATE IS FLORIDA!!
.
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