OVERVIEW

1. VITAMINS
Dr. Muhammad Sarfraz
M.B.B.S., M.Phil.(Pharmacology)
Senior Demonstrator
Quaid-e-Azam Medical College
Bwp.
1

2. VITAMIN
 Chemically Unrelated
Organic Compounds
Required In The Diet in Small
Amounts
Cannot be synthesized in body
Maintenance Of Normal
Function And Growth
2

3. VITAMIN
Deficiency
CAUSES A SPECIFIC DISEASE
• Cured Or Prevented
Only By Restoring The
Vitamin To The Diet 3

4. Vitamins are cofactors they
don’t do anything by
themselves
They are not a source of
calories
4

5. DIFFERENCE FROM OTHER FOOD
STUFFS
• NOT INCORPORATED INTO
TISSUE STRUCTURE
(AS PROTEINS)
• DON’T UNDERGO DEGRADATION
FOR PROVIDING ENERGY
(AS CHOs AND LIPIDS )
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6. DIFFERENCE FROM OTHER FOOD
STUFFS
• B-Complex Vitamins Role As
Co-enzymes
•Energy Transformation
Reactions In Body
6

7. DIFFERENCE FROM
HORMONES
• NOT BEING PRODUCED
WITHIN THE ORGANISM
(exception vit.D)
• MOST OF THEM HAVE TO BE
PROVIDEDED IN DIET
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8. CLASSAFICATION
BROAD CLASSIFICATION
(SOLUBILITY)
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9. CLASSAFICATION
• FAT SOLUBLE
• VIT. A , D , E & K
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10. CLASSAFICATION
WATER SOLUBLE
FUNCTION MAINLY AS
ENZYME COFACTORS
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11. CLASSAFICATION
WATER SOLUBLE
• VIT. C
(ASCORBIC ACID)
(scurvy )
• VIT. B COMPLEX GROUP
• B1... THIAMINE (beriberi)
• Riboflavin... (cheilosis,
glossitis, seborrhea) 11

12. CLASSAFICATION
WATER SOLUBLE
• NIACIN... (Pellagra)
• NICOTINIC ACID
• B6…. PYRIDOXINE
• PANTOTHENIC ACID
12

13. • BIOTIN
• FOLIC ACID GROUP
Megaloblastic Anemia
Neural Tube Defects
13

14. • B12… Cyanocobalamin
(megaloblastic anemia and
pernicious anemia)
OTHER WATER
SOL.VITAMINS
• INOSITOL, PABA &
CHOLINE
14

15. Folic acid
Vitamin B12
•Vitamins B-complexVITAMINS

16. FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
• Hydrophobic
Compounds
• Absorbed Efficiently
Only When There Is
Normal Fat Absorption
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17. FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
Transported in the
blood in lipoproteins
or attached to
specific
binding proteins
17

18. 18

19. 19

20. 20

21. FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
Vitamin A
Vision
Cell Differentiation
Maintenance of epithelium
Control of infection
Control of keratinization21

22. FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
• Vitamin D
Calcium And Phosphate
Metabolism
Cell Differentiation
22

23. FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
Vitamin E
Anti-oxidant
Vitamin K
coenzyme
Blood Clotting
Bone formation
23

24. FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
• Dietary deficiency
• Conditions Affecting The
Digestion
And Absorption
Of The Lipid-soluble
Vitamins
Can lead to
abnormalities 24

25. Vitamin A
• Night blindness,
xerophthalmia And blindness
• Hyperkeratinization
• Infertility
• Infections
• Urinary stones formation
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26. 26

27. 27

28. 28

29. 29

30. Vitamin D
•Rickets In Young
Children
•Osteomalacia In Adults
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31. 31

32. Vitamin E
•Neurologic disorders
•Hemolytic anemia
of the newborn
32

33. Vitamin K
Hemorrhagic
disease of the
newborn
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34. Toxicity
can result from
excessive intake of
vitamins “A” and “D”
34