2. • 2 way information sharing process.
• Involves one party sending a message using
correct words, easily understood by
the receiving party.
• Actual meaning conveyed.
• Both verbal and non-verbal components
4. NEED FOR 7 C’S OF
COMMUNICATION
For composing effective written/oral
messages.
Guidelines for choice of content,
presentation style.
Mainly adapted to sender of information
5. 1. COMPLETENESS
Provides all necessary
information.
Answers all questions asked.
Gives something extra, when
desirable.
Advantage : helps build
goodwill
6. 2. CONCISENESS
Eliminate wordy expressions
Include only relevant material
E.g.
Wordy: We hereby wish to let you know that our
company is pleased with confidence you have
reposed in us.
Concise: We appreciate your confidence.
Avoid unnecessary repetition
7. 3. CONSIDERATION
• Focus on “you” instead of “I” and “we.”
• Show audience benefit or interest in the
receiver.
• Emphasize positive, pleasant facts.
8. 4. CONCRETENESS
Communicating concretely means being
specific, definite, and vivid rather than
vague and general.
Use following guidelines to be concrete
and convincing
Use specific facts and
figures
Put action in your verbs.
Choose vivid, image
building words.
9. Use specific facts and
figuresVAGUE, GENERAL, INDEFINITE CONCRETE, PRECISE
Student GMAT scores are higher. In 1996 the GMAT scores averaged
600; by 1997 they risen to 610.
Eastern Europe is making progress in
obtaining investments.
In 1990 investments in eastern Europe
were about US $30 million today that
figure has increased by 12%.
Exceptions to “Facts and Figure” rule
1 When it is not possible to be
specific
2 When you wish to be diplomatic.
3 When exact figures are unimportant .
10. Choose Vivid, Image-building
Words
BLAND IMAGE MORE VIVID IMAGE
Proposal submitted this quarter were
uninteresting
Too many simple sentences, too many
simplistic ideas gave the impression of
writing of first- year student.
Comparisons
Figurative Language
LITERAL( and Dull) MORE VIVID, FIGURATIVE
Her work in group was exemplary. She could be called “the spark of
the group”.
11. 5. CLARITY
Getting the meaning from your head into the head of your reader
accurately is the purpose of clarity. There are 2 important aspects of
clarity:-
1) Choose precise, concrete and familiar words.
Ex: Unfamiliar – After our perusal of pertinent data, the conclusion is
that a lucrative market exists for the subject property.
Familiar – the data we studied show that your property is
profitable and in high demand.
2) Construct effective sentences and paragraphs.
The construction of a sentence is the core of clarity.
The important characteristics to consider are length, unity, coherence
and emphasis.
12. 6. COURTESY
Be sincerely tactful
Thoughtfulness and Appreciation
Use expression that show respect
Omit irritating expressions
Omit questionable humour
Choose non-discriminatory expressions
13. 7. CORRECTNESS
Use the right level of language
Check accuracy of figures, facts and
words
Maintain acceptable writing mechanics
14. CONCLUSION
• All necessary
information
• Five W’s
COMPLETE
• Avoid wordy
expressions
• Avoid unnecessary
repetition
CONCISENESS
• Audience in mind
• Focus on “you”
CONSIDERATION
• Specific, definite
and vivid words
• Specific facts and
figures
CONCRETE
• Use familiar words
• One main idea
• Coherent
CLARITY
• Being tactful,
thoughtful, and
appreciative
• Respect and non-
discriminatory
language
COURTESY
• Review
• Grammar,
punctuation and
spelling
• Right level of
language
CORRECTNESS