The document discusses different types of evaluation designs: 1) Concurrent evaluation occurs simultaneously with project implementation and provides continuous feedback. 2) Periodic evaluation is conducted after set intervals or phases of a project/program. 3) Terminal evaluation assesses overall achievement and is only done after a project/program is completed. It also outlines causal designs which attempt to determine cause-and-effect relationships between variables. Experimental designs manipulate independent variables to measure their impact on dependent variables. Cross-sectional designs study sample populations through field studies or surveys.

1. Evaluation design…
On basis of timing of evaluation
they are categorised to 3
Types of
evaluation
Concurrent
evaluation
Periodic
evaluation
Terminal
evaluation

2. Concurrent evaluation
This study moves at par with the
implementation of projects or programs and
it is a continuous process.these are helpful in
evaluating the quality of implementation and
they do serve as feedback mechanism for
improving perfomance

3.  An entrepreneur will aways cocurrently
analyse the change in market system to gain
familiarity with situation

4. example
 India's Janani SurakshaYojana, a
conditional cash transfer programme to
increase births in health facilities: an
impact evaluation

5. Periodic evaluation
 As name suggest ,this study is undertaken
after definite interval or completion of
distinct phase of programme.periodic
intervals may also used In case of continous
projects

6. example
 Evaluation after completing phases

7. Terminal evaluation
 Study is undertaken only after completion of
project or program.this study helps to asses
the extent to which the aim of project stands
achieved.cost benefit is also feature of this
study

8. example
 Analysing amount of electricity production of
nuclear plant

9. Casual design
Casual design attemt to test hypothesis about
cause effect relationships.this design is
concerned with the stydy cause and effect
relationship between variables.here real
world variables and and events are under
study
Simply it states that independent variable can
cause change in dependent variable.

10. Definitions and Concepts
 Independent variables are variables or alternatives that
are manipulated and whose effects are measured and
compared, e.g., price levels.
 Test units are individuals, organizations, or other entities
whose response to the independent variables or
treatments is being examined, e.g., consumers or stores.
 Dependent variables are the variables which measure
the effect of the independent variables on the test units,
e.g., sales, profits, and market shares.

11. Evidence of Concomitant Variation between
Purchase of Fashion Clothing and Education
363 (73%) 137 (27%)
322 (64%) 178 (36%)
Purchase of FashionClothing,Y
500 (100%)
500 (100%)
Education,X

12. Cross sectional design
 A cross sectional study is concerned with the
behaviour of sample of elements with in
given population.they are of 2 type. field
study and survey

13. Field study
 There are in-depth studies of real life
situation like communities and such target
groups.since,these studies are based on
natural response of respondents rather than
an artificial environment

14. surveys
 Sureys are elaborate study of universe takes
place.it has wider scope than field study,there
exist outright data collection
tactics.possibilityof much more
generalisation make this very precise method

15. Experimental design
 Experimentation is a research process in which
the experimenter manipulate one or more
variables under consideration.the variables so
manipulated are independent variables and
those influenced by manipulated variables are
dependent variable
Set of dependent variable will left free from
manipulation which form controled
group.experimentation involve controling
factors that are related to or may affect variables
under investigation so that efect of variable may
be measured

16. Definitions and Concepts
 Independent variables are variables or alternatives that
are manipulated and whose effects are measured and
compared, e.g., price levels.
 Test units are individuals, organizations, or other entities
whose response to the independent variables or
treatments is being examined, e.g., consumers or stores.
 Dependent variables are the variables which measure
the effect of the independent variables on the test units,
e.g., sales, profits, and market shares.

17.  An investigator wants to evaluate whether a new technique to
teach math to elementary school students is more effective than
the standard teaching method. Using an experimental design,
the investigator divides the class randomly (by chance) into two
groups and calls them “group A” and “group B.”The students
cannot choose their own group.The random assignment process
results in two groups that should share equal characteristics at
the beginning of the experiment. In group A, the teacher uses a
new teaching method to teach the math lesson. In group B, the
teacher uses a standard teaching method to teach the math
lesson.The investigator compares test scores at the end of the
semester to evaluate the success of the new teaching method
compared to the standard teaching method. At the end of the
study, the results indicated that the students in the new teaching
method group scored significantly higher on their final exam than
the students in the standard teaching group.

18. Selected experimentation
design
 After only without control group design
This simplest formal design of experimentation
is of much use in visualising an experiment in
simplified form.here an experimental
variable.the measure of dependent
varible(sale turnover,brand preference)
before experimentation is based on an
estimate and is implicit.this shall compared
with explicit measure of variable

19.  Effect of experiment is =explicit measure-
implicit measure

20.  After only with control group
 The most common design of this type takes
to account two identical group of
respondents with equal size and
constituents.here one group wil subjected to
experimentation and other will maintained
as it is

21.  effect of experimentation=measure of
dependent variable after expeimental group-
measure of dependent variable after
experimentation

22. example
 A researcher wants to discover the effects of
a new teaching method. A class is selected
and randomly divided into two groups, one of
which is taught by the conventional method
and one by the new method. Both groups are
then measured with a standard ability test.


23.  Before after without control group design
 Here the design a single test grouup or area is
selected and dependent variables are
measured before expeimentation.the same is
after measured after experimentation and
effect of treatmen would be equql to measure
before and after experimentation