Learning is a process of acquiring knowledge, pattern of behavior, skill & values. The process of learning starts with the birth & continues life long. Learning can be defined as the permanent change in behavior due to direct & indirect experience. We can learn from our family, friends, society, ourselves, experience & experiment books & internet. Organizations conduct Formal Learning programmes or Training Programmes to help employees assimilate the desired skills, work culture, values & norms of the organization. Example -In MNCs managers are required to participate in Formal Learning session as the culture of various countries are different & they should learn to conduct business. CLASSICAL CONDITIONING It has been developed by Russian Psychologist & the Novel prize Winner, Ivan Pavlov. His theory is also known as Associative learning. In his Book (Conditioned Reflexes) he stated that learning has the power to affect Attitude, likes & dislikes. His theory consists of following aspects. Unconditioned stimulus & Unconditioned Response Conditioned Stimulus & Conditioned Response OPERANT CONDITIONING This theory has been developed by B.F. Skinner. According to him B = f(c) B –Behavior C –Consequence The consequence decides whether the Behavior will occur in future or not. If consequence is positive it will occur in future & others will follow it & vice-versa Cognitive Learning Theory is the Psychological process which recollects past information & experience to take future decisions. Social Learning Theory states that at birth all are born equal, but socialization makes individuals different. It starts from parents & by time others are associated with this process. Family members, teachers, friends , movie actors, sports persons , leaders & many other persons also influence. Locus of control –Internal (work hard & master of their own fate)& External (They are controlled by the fate). Self esteem (High self esteem persons believe in their strength& self satisfied). Self efficacy (High self efficacy leads to high self confidence Self monitoring (Identify own SWOT & very adaptive) Optimistic & pessimistic people(Optimistic people focus on the positive aspects of themselves , others ,& the over all world, whereas pessimistic people are reverse of optimistic people). Risk takers & aversion of risk (People want to take risk & prove themselves& accept challenge rapidly than others who want to avoid risk) Type A & type B personality (Type A _ aggressive , hurry ,status conscious , cope with leisure , impatient, multi task maker ) (Type B _ calm , cool , play or make fun in leisure , not prefer to take stress )

1. MEANING OF LEARNING
DEFINITION OF LEARNING
FORMAL LEARNING
INFORMAL LEARNING
COGNITIVE LEARNING
SOCIAL LEARNING

2.  Learning is a process of acquiring knowledge,
pattern of behavior, skill & values.
 The process of learning starts with the birth
& continues life long.
 Learning can be defined as the permanent
change in behavior due to direct & indirect
experience.
 We can learn from our family, friends,
society, ourselves, experience & experiment
books & internet.

4.  Organizations conduct Formal Learning
programmes or Training Programmes to help
employees assimilate the desired skills, work
culture, values & norms of the organization.
 Example -In MNCs managers are required to
participate in Formal Learning session as the
culture of various countries are different &
they should learn to conduct business.

5. CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
 It has been developed by
Russian Psychologist & the
Novel prize Winner, Ivan
Pavlov. His theory is also known
as Associative learning.
 In his Book (Conditioned
Reflexes) he stated that
learning has the power to
affect Attitude, likes &
dislikes.
 His theory consists of following
aspects.
 Unconditioned stimulus &
Unconditioned Response
 Conditioned Stimulus &
Conditioned Response
OPERANT CONDITIONING
 This theory has been
developed by B.F. Skinner.
 According to him B = f(c)
B –Behavior
C –Consequence
 The consequence decides
whether the Behavior will
occur in future or not.
 If consequence is positive
it will occur in future &
others will follow it &
vice-versa

6.  UNCONDITIONED
STIMULUS &
RESPONSE
 It is spontaneous. It
occurs suddenly &
brings strong
reaction.
 Stimulus-action
 Response -reaction
 CONDITIONED STIMULUS
& RESPONSE
 It isn't spontaneous
these are learnt
behavior.
 When a neutral stimulus
is associated with
unconditioned stimulus
that produces a strong
reaction. It is also
known as associative
learning.

10.  Cognitive theory is the Psychological process
which recollects past information &
experience to take future decisions.
 It takes place with the coordination of
individual goals & expectations.

11.  Social Learning Theory states that at birth all
are born equal, but socialization makes
individuals different.
 It starts from parents & by time others are
associated with this process. Family
members, teachers, friends , movie actors,
sports persons , leaders & many other
persons also influence.

12.  Locus of control –Internal (work hard &
master of their own fate)& External (They
are controlled by the fate).
 Self esteem (High self esteem persons
believe in their strength& self satisfied).
 Self efficacy (High self efficacy leads to high
self confidence Self monitoring (Identify own
SWOT & very adaptive)

13.  Optimistic & pessimistic people(Optimistic
people focus on the positive aspects of
themselves , others ,& the over all world,
whereas pessimistic people are reverse of
optimistic people).
 Risk takers & aversion of risk (People want to
take risk & prove themselves& accept challenge
rapidly than others who want to avoid risk)
 Type A & type B personality (Type A _ aggressive ,
hurry ,status conscious , cope with leisure ,
impatient, multi task maker ) (Type B _ calm ,
cool , play or make fun in leisure , not prefer to
take stress )