Feminist Perspective In The K-12 Art Education Curriculum

Feminist Perspective In The K-12 Art Education Curriculum
A clearly defined Black feminist perspective cannot be found in the K–12 art education curriculum
at this time. Although several articles from Wanda Knight and Jessie Whitehead have discussed the
importance of including a Black feminist and woman of color perspective, nothing definitive can be
found in the current art education curriculum. Through the use of Charles Mills' theory of
"revisionist ontology," I will discuss the importance and value of including a Black feminist
perspective in the K–12 art education curriculum.
Overview of K–12 Art Education and the Need A Feminist Perspective in Art
Art education has many facets that are beneficial to art students. "In the field of art education,
aesthetics (as in the philosophy of art) attends to the development of critical thinking skills and
philosophical inquiry through classroom dialogue" (Ambush, 2008, p.14). In art education, the
student has the opportunity to understand and learn visual aesthetics, cognitive, motor, emotional,
social, and artistic skills to express critical thinking, sensitivity, and cultural identity (Schoñau,
2013). In An Exploration of the Issue of Stereotyping in the Artroom, Sheng Kuan Chung (2008)
examines the issue of stereotypes and claims art education offers students the opportunity to
"examine prejudiced or unjust social practices that permeate society and to confront such practices
from a critical point of view" (p. 24). Analyzing the concept of race and gender stereotypes is
critical,
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Feminism : A Feminist Perspective
Feminism is an interesting topic to cover. Feminism is often associated with or assumed to be
radical feminism, despite the fact that they are two different mindsets. Feminism, in its purest sense,
is the seeking of gender equality in society. It seeks to go against the idea of male supremacy and
gender stereotypes, saying that both of the two are oppressive and uncalled for. Radical feminism
tends to have more to do with the concept of patriarchy, saying that female dominance has been
"historically proven" to be beneficial. While the concepts within radical feminism became popular
in the 1960s, during the arisal of second–wave feminism, feminism itself has been around for quite
some time. This essay will be looking at the origins of and development of first–wave feminism in
the late 1800s. Feminism exists as a concept and a moral. You can not put dates to a concept. Of
course, there were figures that represented this concept, The Greek philosopher Plato is one such
example. It is disputed whether or not Plato is truly a feminist, but he could still be considered to be
someone who supported (at least somewhat) the concept of gender equality. The more equally–
statused women portrayed in Plato's works tended to be a bit masculine in their qualities. This is not
a surprise, though. Plato did not live in a time in which equality was normal. Women were thought
to be "lower" beings, lacking intelligence and use (other than bearing children, of course.) The fact

Feminist Perspective In Macbeth
Macbeth is a tragedy by Shakespeare which dramatises the theoretical feud between masculinity and
femininity whilst exploring the extent in which morality is pushed to gain power. Imbedded in the
storyline of the play is an unconventional expression of gender which can be further explored
through the feminist critical perspective lens. The feminist critical perspective challenges the
common viewpoint by re–evaluating texts and highlighting patriarchal ideas of gender. Therefore
the play can be interpreted in way that seeks further insight on the differences between the portrayal
of men and women, self ambition, power abuse and common stereotypes that are depicted through
the motives of the complex characters.
The play provides a substantial amount of violent and disturbing imagery with a distorted view of
masculinity and femininity. The characters in Macbeth are depicted as hostile to the embodiment of
what it means to be a woman whilst admiring the strength and power of a man. When Macbeth
exclaims "For thy undaunted mettle should compose nothing but males," (Act 1 Sc7) wishing only
male children as he believes them to be superior and able to continue his bloodline. It is seen in
Lady Macbeth's actions as well as words which presents the idea that she has an unhealthy focus on
the world of men, something she is seen to value upon all other things. Furthermore, Lady Macbeth
serves as a figure that challenges the line between masculinity and femininity when necessary. Her

Feminist Perspective Of Feminism
There have been many instances of feminists reacting to popular understandings and theories in their
fields. That is one of the glorious things about feminism; while some feminist literature can feel
abstract and hard to understand, it is often concerning real things happening in the world and
offering real ways to implement change. This is perhaps because of feminists' dedication to fairness
and truth. In delving into women's and gender studies, one can see that notions once thought of as
True, are not in fact so; for example, notions relating to sex, gender, and expression. With notions
such as those which are considered to be so essential to our lived experiences being questioned, it
begs further questioning, such as: what are feminist notions of objectivity and truths and how can
we work toward these in a positively consequential way? Feminist notions of truth are more
objective than traditional scientific approaches because they look at problems more fully.
In mainstream science, objectivity is thought of as being without bias or emotion, with the rationale
being that the facts will speak for themselves and produce an ultimate and ideal Truth. This singular
Truth is thought to be essential and able to be discovered by all people, given that they have the
proper tools. As Alison Jaggar stated in "Love and Knowledge," this is neither possible nor desirable
in many instances. Emotional concepts inform our realities, thereby giving different people different
knowledge

"But, of course, you might be asking yourself, 'Am I a feminist? I might not be. I don 't know! I still
don 't know what it is! I 'm too knackered and confused to work it out. That curtain pole really still
isn 't up! I don 't have time to work out if I am a women 's libber! There seems to be a lot to it.
WHAT DOES IT MEAN? ' I understand. So here is the quick way of working out if you 're a
feminist. Put your hand in your pants. a) Do you have a vagina? And b) Do you want to be in charge
of it? If you said 'yes ' to both, then congratulations! You 're a feminist." This is a quote by Caitlin
Moran in her book How to Be a Woman describing what she believes to be feminism. Feminism has
come to be known by and large to be a women's rights movement, to the point where the word
feminism is synonymous with women's rights. Merriam Webster dictionary even defines feminism
as "organized activity in support of women 's rights and interests".
Yet, where it gets interesting is Urban Dictionary defines feminism as "The belief that women are
and should be treated as potential intellectual equals and social equals to men. These people can be
either male or female human beings, although the ideology is commonly (and perhaps falsely)
associated mainly with women. The basic idea of Feminism revolves around the principle that just
because human bodies are designed to perform certain procreative functions, biological elements
need not dictate intellectual and social functions, capabilities,

Persepolis: A Feminist Perspective Essay
Marjane Satrapi says in multiple interviews that she does not subscribe to feminism; instead, she
describes herself as a humanist. However, her graphic novel memoir, Persepolis, has several themes
at its core that convey feminist ideals. Throughout the novel, Marjane constantly expresses
frustration with Iran's strict regulations on women. She also grows up with strong female
relationships in her family; these women help shape Marjane into the woman she is today, a woman
who won't stand for inequality. Marjane has two influential female role models: her mother and her
grandmother. Both women are outspoken, independent, and progressive. They always encourage
Marjane to be herself and to never lose touch with who she is and where she comes ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
When she sends Marjane away from Iran, she assures her: "I know how I brought you up. Above all,
I trust your education" (147). Marjane's mother doesn't want her daughter to live in such an
oppressive time. When the veils become mandatory, Marjane's mother wishes to take her to an
opposition demonstration: "She should start learning to defend her rights as a woman right now!"
(76) In growing up with such strong female role models, Marjane learns to express her opinion and
always stand by her beliefs. They taught her to stand up for herself as a woman, and in doing so,
introduced her to a feminist perspective on life. In Persepolis, the Islamic state makes the wearing of
veils compulsory, under the assertion that it is a symbol of both Iranian culture and Islamic religious
law. While Marjane accepts the veil as part of her life, she rebels against the ideology it represents.
When Iran begins to enforce stricter dress codes to ensure modesty, Marjane sees that the veil is a
form of controlling the female population, a form of suppression. She rejects the double standard
that allows Iranian men more freedom: "You don't hesitate to comment on us, but our brothers
present here have all shapes and sizes of haircuts and clothes. Sometimes, they wear clothes so tight
that we can see everything" (299). Marjane must experience the misogynistic nature of the
fundamentalist Islamic

Major Feminist Criminological Perspectives
With the pass of the time, females are more involve in society. The amount of women's that stay at
home and don't go out for work has been reducing. At the same time, we see that women's have been
involved with some criminal events. Because of this, five major feminist criminological perspectives
have been creating. During this essay, three of this perspective will be exposed and explain. First,
these three perspectives will be mention and contrast from each other. Finally, these three
perspectives will be comparing with each other. First, one of the major feminist criminological
perspectives is Liberal Feminism. This attitude can be described as the first feminist perspective in
criminology that focuses on gender discrimination. Also, the general notion of this ... Show more
In other words, if a woman commits a crime should receive the same punishment that men receive
when he commits the same type of crime. At the same time, these liberal females challenged the
prevailing assumption that males and females have a different role in society. Another significant
feminist criminological perspective is Radical Feminism. This aspect deals with the way in which
the capitalist economic system fosters crime through the creation of a patriarchal and sexist society.
This perspective is that women have to stay at home as an unpaid housekeeping, and men have the
right to control women. In other words, women have to follow all the instructions and rules that her
husband establishes at the house. By this perspective, women's can exercise control over their
bodies and the restructuring family relationship in order to eliminate male domination. However,
radical feminist does not believe that women's liberation will increase female crime rates. Another
important feminist criminological perspective is Socialist Feminism. This view identifies the
oppression of women as a symptom of the patriarchal capitalist system. This aspect considered

When people think of the words "feminist" or "feminism" it sometimes open the doors to a
scrutinizing debate. People will go back and forth on their opinions of this delicate topic causing
some people to change their minds where as others will just add more fuel to their own fire by
making their beliefs even stronger for the next time they wish to defend their thoughts and ideas.
Those people who stand by their strong supportive thoughts, ideas, and beliefs on the topic of
feminism are known as a feminist's. These feminists are strong believers for gender equality but
most importantly empowering and celebrating women. Feminism dates as far back as to the 20th
and 21st century when women were seen as inferior beings to the male population. ... Show more
Throughout history there have been more than a few feminists who have paved the way for
progressively more feminists to join in on the concept of change for women. A few well–known
names are Susan B. Anthony, Luce Irigaray, Julia Kristeva and Mary Wollstonecraft. Each of these
feminists brought something different to the table of feminism thus creating a vast amount of
theories for the subject. But one feminist that stands out as one of the most outstanding philosophers
and writers of feminism, was no other than Simone de Beauvoir. What was so unique about Simone
de Beauvoir was her notably diverse approach because instead of identifying herself as a
philosopher, she instead identified herself as an author and feminist theorist. Some of her works
include but are not limited to, "The Second Sex: Woman As Other", "Coming of Age: The Other
Again" and "All Men are Mortal, A Very Easy Death, Adieux: A Farewell to Sartre: Finitude,
Passion, and the Body." Beauvoir's work with "The Second Sex: Woman as Other" is one piece of
writing that is particularly inspiring as a young female and in which is totally relatable on so many
levels. "The Second Sex argues against the either/or frame of the woman question (either women
and men are equal or they are different). It argues for women's equality, while

The Feminist Perspective of Buffy the Vampire Slayer Essay
The Feminist Perspective of Buffy the Vampire Slayer
In her feminist critique of Buffy the Vampire Slayer Anne Millard Daughtey described Buffy as a
show which "obviously promotes female strength and power" (159). Buffy herself is a "symbol of
female empowerment" (149); as feminists we can all take comfort in the fact that Buffy "kicks butt
and so can we all" (164). Sherryl Vint agrees that Buffy is a "positive role model for young women,
one which feminism should celebrate" (para. 3). I find this understanding of Buffy, both the
character and the series, to be very problematic, and with this paper I aim to undertake a revised
feminist critique of the show, and expose the Buffyverse as the product of a very traditional
patriarchal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Before Buffy and her friends discover this, Dawn has a number of unnerving experiences, in which
people walk up to her staring, saying "There's nothing there, you're not real, there's nothing there".
Truly, in the Buffyverse, there is "no such thing as woman".
Prior to embarking upon my own analysis of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, it this pertinent to consider
Joss Whedon's envisioning of his series, and in particular, his heroine, Buffy. In interviews he has
often explained his desire to create an alternative ending for the horror movie:
It was pretty much the blond girl in the alley in the horror movie who keeps getting killed ... I felt
bad for her, but she was always much more interesting to me than the other women. She was fun,
she had sex, she was vivacious. But then she would get punished for it. Literally, I just had that
image, that scene, in my mind, like the trailer for a movie what if the girl goes into that dark alley.
And the monster follows her. And she destroys him. (Quoted in Vint, para. 6)
Whilst we see here that Whedon's intention is to subvert the conventional horror movie/slasher
genre, I'm not sure that he is successful. He is running the considerable risk of merely replacing the
fetishised female victim with a fetishised female hero; she is still a pretty blond girl, she is still fun,
she is still sexual, she is still "Barbie with

Feminist Perspectives In Criminology
This essay presents an insightful discourse on the contributions Feminist theories and perspectives
have made within the field of Criminology. It will illustrate development of these perspectives as
well as their enhancement of our understanding of women as both perpetrators and victims of crime.
Moreover, this paper will examine how the criminal justice system has historically responded to
male and female offenders and victims on a national and global scale.
Historically, researchers of females within crime have habitually been male (Crowther–Dowey, &
Silvestri, 2008). Feminist perspectives in Criminology have had an exceptional influence on the way
women are understood, both as perpetrators and victims of crime. One of the fundamental themes
within Feminist criminology is its strong focus on gender (primarily female) at the core of its
discourse and analysis of crime (Chesney–lind, Morash 2013). Most Criminological theory and
research has been conducted by male Criminologists, focused on male offenders, and criminal
justice system responses to male offenders, overlooking women in crime, subsequently leading to
accusations of mainstream Criminology's 'gender ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Feminists support the idea that women experience victimisation and an intrinsically different way to
men. For example, from the Feminist perspective, there is thought to be a stronger possibility that
women will be victimised by a close friend or family member than any other person (Natarajan &
Ciobanu 2010). Radical Feminists attribute this to the social institutions and norms facilitating the
victimisation of women. Feminist Criminological research has also facilitated in reshaping
Criminology's understanding of domestic violence. Considerable amounts of research surrounding
domestic violence stems from work that used the Conflict Tactics Scale (Straus and Gelles

Feminist Perspective In Frankenstein
The feminine perception in "Frankenstein" by Mary Shelley Mary Shelley in the book,
"Frankenstein" provides a space for exploring the feminine perspective, which is highlighted by the
featured female characters. In today's world gender, issue regarding women is just as important as
the historical period the book is written. This therefore makes the book a very suitable tool in
displaying the important roles women have in society and how far these roles have progressed in the
modern world. Some critics might consider that Mary Shelley limited the woman's story in the book
because at the time it was a male–dominated industry. However, one would want to praise her for
the courage she displayed by writing on a controversial topic ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is depicted in the De Lacey's family which, "represents an alternative ideology: a vision of a
social group based on justice, equality and mutual affection in an atmosphere of rational
companionship, mutual concern, and love" (Shelley 358). This shows that undermining the
separation of the male and female fosters confidence and courage in women such as Safie who runs
away from her father to look for Felix and learns to read and write (Shelley 358). This shows that
every individual in society without restriction of their personal freedoms and intellectual not only
achieves much but also contributes the social

Since the 19th century to the present day, feminism has evolved over periods of time, shaped and
molded our structure of society into what it is today. Feminism, the exploration and critique of male
power that challenges traditional sex roles has always played a major role and been expressed in
classic and modern literacy. From press articles, to film productions. From plays to books. Along
with this, feminist literary and cultural theories were born from feminists who also challenge and
analyze the expressions and resistance between women's roles and views and patriarchal, or the
dominant power given to men over women, oppression. One way that such feminists observe and
analyze this resistance is through the feminist analysis, a text that draws on and influences the
various applications of women's roles in society such as gender and class, sexuality, race/ethnicity,
psychology, literary form, etc. But how can one text appeal to and demonstrate every possible
perspective in feminism? The feminist analysis isn't alone. Over time, various authors and feminists
publishing well–known literary texts demonstrate a theme and challenge feminism that tests
society's structure. Authors such as Kate Chopin and her novel "The Awakening" include the
everyday roles of women in a common household during the 19th century, with Chopin knowing to
have been living in this time in America. Smaller texts such as "The Yellow Wallpaper", a short
story by Charlotte Gilman, are enough to demonstrate

Feminist Perspective Essay
Feminist Perspective in "The Awakening" In The Awakening, Chopin describes how the perfect man
or woman should look according to society. The Awakening was published in 1899 which "aroused
a storm of controversy for its then unprecedented treatment of female independence and sexuality,
and for its unromantic portrayal of marriage." (Chopin, 1899, Note) Women were expected to be
obedient housewives and a doting mother to their children. The statement; "If it was not a women's
place to look after children, who's on earth was it?" (Chopin, 1899, chap 3) denotes what the
woman's responsibilities are in a marriage. Chopin uses the characters: Edna, Leonce, Madame
Ratignolle and Robert Lebrun to show how marriage, independence, equal rights and ... Show more
In this era women were dedicated to their children and husband, however Edna defies the norms of
society when she doesn't obey these rules. Edna is fascinated by the beauty and mothering portrayed
by Madame Ratignolle and forms a bond with her in the summer at Grand Isle. "Madame Ratignolle
was very fond of Mrs. Pontellier and often she took her sewing and went over to sit with her in the
afternoons." (Chopin, 1899, chap 4) "Mrs. Pontellier liked to sit and gaze at her fair companion as
she might look upon a faultless Madonna." (Chopin, 1899, chap 5) Madame Ratignolle was the
perfect Creole woman and Edna looked to her for guidance. Madame Ratignolle is an example of an
acceptable woman in this time period. However Edna realizes she is not like the other Creole
women and searches within herself for independence. As a woman in the late 1800's early 1900's life
had many challenges, especially for those who seek independence. It was unlikely for a woman to
neither voice her opinions if she were unhappy in a marriage nor choose who to marry. In The
Awakening, Edna's father

Feminist Perspective On Cinderella
A Feminist's Take on Cinderella Like most children, your childhood, too, was probably full of
fairytales and fables. As children, we longed to be like the princes and princesses in these stories,
but what if they are not what they seem, especially the story of Cinderella? Cinderella, a girl
working almost as a servant for her stepmother is presented with an opportunity to turn her life
around when she meets her fairy godmother, who insists on helping her go to the ball, but only if she
makes it back by midnight. With the help of a pumpkin carriage, Cinderella makes it to the ball and
even dances with the prince, but as midnight approaches, Cinderella scrambles to get home and
forgets her glass slipper, which the prince later uses to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Characters such as the stepmother, the stepsisters, and even Cinderella herself are all negative
female role models. All three have negative qualities that can be negative influences for children.
For instance, Cinderella's stepmother is anything but a motherly figure. This is proven when
Cinderella predicts what her stepmother is going to say: "You? My dear girl, you're staying at home
to wash the dishes, scrub the floors and turn down the beds for your stepsisters. They will come
home tired and very sleepy." She makes Cinderella do all the housework and treats her like her
personal servant. The stepmother is also well known for brainwashing her daughters into thinking
that they need to marry the prince. On top of that, Cinderella has to deal with competition from her
sisters. Instead of supporting her, they make a competition out of marrying the prince, which gives
an overall negative image of sisterhood. Meanwhile, Cinderella just can't seem to speak up for
herself. She agrees to everything she is told to do by her stepmother and not once in the story took a
stand for herself and proved that she was an independent woman. Furthermore, beauty is a recurring
theme in Cinderella. Not only does her stepmother think so, but Cinderella too thinks that wearing
nice and expensive clothes makes a better person. She believed that she could not stand out at the

The Feminist Perspective: The Devaluation And Lives Of Women
By evaluating the situation and lives of women in society, the feminist perspective is defined as a
source of social inequality, group conflict and social problems. For feminist, patriarchal society is
the foundation of social problems. The patriarchal male dominated society where women are meant
to justify the rule through devaluation; however, the definition of patriarchy has dominated the
powerful group expanded to include the social devaluation of the power rating (Leon–Guerrero,
Anna, 2015).
Its goals are to establish equal rights and legal protection of women can be used to describe political
or economic and cultural movements. Feminism include political, sociological theory and
philosophy, as well as problems in the interest of gender

Conflict/Feminist Perspective
After studying the different perspectives on social problems about sexuality and sexual orientation, I
believe that I can move forward to beyond the classroom to help the LGBT+ community grow
strong and make changes. The LGBT+ community has had a long run with fighting for equal rights
and against discrimination, and the fight is not over. I have always been someone who believes so
strongly in the power of education and open dialogue. I think it is one of the best ways to make a
change. I think the best way to enact the "verb" of sociology is by getting out there to educate
people, youths and adults, on the culture behind the community. There are a lot stigmas and
stereotypes that a lot of people are not educated on. Once people understand the community more
and have true information about the stereotypes, a shift in mainstream culture will slowly occur. The
Conflict/Feminist perspective recognizes that "heterosexuals are granted a privileged place in our
society" (126, Leon–Guerrero). It is important to recognize that we as a society assume everyone is
straight until stated otherwise. We ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I want to petition to get better sex education in public schools across the nation. This would include
teaching heterosexual sex AND homosexual sex in high school health classes. In chapter 17 of
Social Problems Community, Policy, and Social Action, it states that "almost every critical issue
leads to a social movement supporting change" (493, Leon–Guerrero). I want to create my own
social movement by using online media to help queer youths feel comfortable learning about sex
and being in a safe environment while doing so. There is a lot of online content about sex education
and homosexual sex that is easy for most people with technology to access. I want to propose a bill
that requires public school to teach sex education that includes everyone. That is what being equal

Feminist Perspective In Hamlet
Throughout history, women have endured patriarchy and oppression. The re–envisioning of
literature in a feminist canon has reinvigorated lost works of women and has made clear themes of
sexual difference and importance of gender within classical texts. In William Shakespeare's Hamlet,
the feminist perspective reveals several elements of these societal differences that were so relevant
in Elizabethan times. Although the play suggests an array of interpretations, the feminist perspective
emphasizes the strength and significance of the feminine elements in this controversial piece of
literature, mainly through the deterioration of Ophelia's psyche, the patriarchal relationships that
admonish the component of power concerning gender, and the significant rhetoric that differentiates
these roles. Within the feminist canon, the portrayal of the character Ophelia and her mental state in
the play have resulted in a vast amount of discussion concerning how male–dominated society, and
its pressures, have affected women. Ophelia's insanity is not merely the inner workings of her mind
derailing but the composite result of the repression underlying within the atmosphere of Elsinore.
Specifically, in Act IV, Scene v where she is perceived to have gone insane conveys a multitude of
ideas of what is the meaning of this outburst and its impact on gender perspectives. According to
Elaine Showalter, Representing Ophelia: Women, Madness, and the Responsibilities of Feminist
Criticism, there

Human Trafficking Through A Feminist Theoretical Perspective
Human Trafficking Through a Feminist Theoretical Perspective
Feminist Theory
It 's unfortunate that when some people hear the term feminism, they automatically place that as a
negative word and it becomes something they don 't want to be associated with. It is unfortunate that
people will try to avoid it however, people will still embrace the feminist politics. As feminist
scholar Susan A. Mann (2012) describes, when people refuse to identify as a feminist they create the
"I 'm–not–a feminist–but" syndrome. This refers to when people understand the importance of
struggles with gender issues, such that include the wage gap or domestic violence, but they will still
reject the notion that it may actually mean they are a feminist if they are fighting for that cause.
Feminism has a simple definition, it means that women seek gender equality through political,
social, and economic gain.
Feminist theory is directed to the understanding of women 's lives, struggles, and how we can
improve those areas of struggles for women. Theory has become a significant part to the feminist
community, because it gives feminists the opportunity to discuss the issues in a manner where they
feel liberated, and could service as a healing function (bell hooks, 1994).
Human Trafficking and Feminist Theory
Human trafficking encompasses a variety of forms of severe human exploitation, where traffickers
rob humans of their rights and are subjected to endure physical, mental, emotional, and/or

The Feminist Perspective
All of mankind needs to take into account the great importance of feminism and how patriarchal
oppression has impacted women's behavior, feelings, and status. According to The Feminist
Perspective, "Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical or philosophical
discourse. It aims to understand the nature of gender inequality, and examines women's social roles,
experiences, and interests." The patriarchal oppression of women has been profound and in
consequence it has impacted women's ability to express themselves and their daily lives in many
ways. In the chapter on "Feminist Analysis" found in Literary and Cultural Theory by Donald Hall,
he observes the diverse ideology of feminist theory. He implies, "Key to all methodologies ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In The Awakening, Edna is "awakened" because she doesn't want to live under patriarchal demands
so she leaves her household, moves into her own cottage, and enjoys spending time with men that
don't have possession over her. "She began to look with her own eyes; to see and to apprehend the
deeper undercurrents of life. No longer was she content to 'feed upon opinion' when her own soul
had invited her" (Chopin 103). Edna also does not care if she is seen unwomanly according to
society because she just wanted to be free from others authority. "I suppose this is what you would
call unwomanly; but I have got into a habit of expressing myself. It doesn't matter to me, and you
may think me unwomanly if you like" (Chopin 115). Edna was done with her husband's patriarchal
oppression, so she immediately was "awakened", stood up for herself, and said no to the oppression.
To add, a video of Emma Watson's, "He For She Campaign," she is a feminist who also lays out the
issue as well as ,"So Like Women!': Louisa May Alcott's Work and the Ideology of Relations" by
Mary Rigsby. In Emma Watson's campaign as a feminist, she also roots for the unjust treatment of
women to be solved. In her speech she claims that women are choosing not to identify themselves
and asserts that women should stand up for themselves to have equality with men. She also
mentions that because of equality in today's

Modern Feminism
Before we begin, I want you to create a picture in your head. You read that there is going to be a
feminist rally in your local city this afternoon. What does your mind picture? Lots of pink I'm sure.
Who is there? Why, a bunch of women, of course! And what could they possibly want this time? I'll
let you keep that one to yourself. We all know that in today's world, feminism is often seen as a joke.
Just a bunch of white women prancing around with signs expressing their angst for the patriarchy,
right? Just obnoxious women wanting equal pay and to not be seen as lessers is all feminism is
really about, right? I hate to break it to you, but you're way off. Though the dictionary definition of
feminism is stated as "the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The trend of gender equality, LGBTQ+ issues, and black lives matter was seen throughout many
articles, but the deeper, more "political" messages were sometimes left out.
The Huffington Post article titled "Celebrating 21st Century Feminism and Why it Matters" follows
the previously mentioned outline well, and also lightly touches on bigger things that other articles
tend to leave out, such as specific accomplishments made in recent years. These accomplishments,
like the article published in Censored 2017, debunk general stereotypes of feminism and show that
it's not all about the average white woman and what she wants. These accomplishments include the
winning of a nobel prize by feminist Malala Yousafzai, giving trans people the right to legally
change their gender, and the foundation of organizations such as the Red Umbrella Fund. (3) With
this in mind we can safely conclude that in at least some of mainstream media, feminism is being
covered in the same way as stated in the censored article. Now, this is not to say that it is easy to
find an article such as this. Many mainstream news companies do not delve into the full depths of
feminism (or delve in at all, besides the casual "ah yes more liberal protesters" summary), which
supports the idea of why this is a censored topic. Feminism in itself is not necessarily being
overshadowed, but the true meaning and true accomplishments of the movement are being
overshadowed by negative overtones, which I

The Marxist And Feminist Perspectives
The marxist and feminist perspectives are both are utilized to gain a deeper understanding of
literature. The feminist lens deals with the role of gender within literature, and the marxist lens
focuses on the context of culture and society within literature. Each perspective plays off the other to
create a cohesive approach to analyzing Brave New World. Aldous Huxley's Brave New World
highlights the issues associated with a society with a disproportional basis in manufactured social
structures. These dysfunctional social structures are created through a fundamental irony:
knowledge both unities and destroys humanity. Huxley shows mankind, for the first time in history,
united; however, the knowledge and intellect that created this ever lasting peace is also the same
factor that stripped mankind of everything that makes it human. Aldous Huxley's dystopian society,
within Brave New World, shows that knowledge is the unifying and destroying thread of humanity
through the fabricated social hierarchy and preconditioned gender roles.
The underpinning of Huxley's Brave New World is the unifying thread of mankind: knowledge.
Through the course of history, mankind has struggled to find and maintain peace. However, in
Huxley's vision of the future mankind has developed, manufactured, and fostered peace all through
the knowledge gained from generations past. Mankind has three fundamental factors that drive it
and are called "the functions of life: assimilation, excitation, [and]

Feminist Theory : A Feminist Perspective
Based on the texts that we have covered so far, feminist theory is defined as the construction of
feminist theoretical discourse which aims to understand and support the nature of gender equality.
Unfortunately, "in its early analyses, the focus of much feminist theory was on the characterization
of the feminine as less than fully human" (Price and Shildrick 1999, 2). During the Colonial Era,
especially, the cult of domesticity was a way for men to control women. Women would stay home
and participate in housekeeping responsibilities, while men would go out in the world to work and
provide for his household. Feminist theory also includes the formation of the "classic move that
identifies the male with the mind and the female with body" (Price and Shildrick 1999, 79). Due to
the fact that we live in a male dominant society, women have always felt subordinate to men. As a
result, the goal of feminist theory, is to invite individuals who are interested in becoming feminist
advocates and are willing to help with the "breaking out of the boundaries of the proper body, of
overflowing the sexual categories assigned to women" in today's world (Price and Shildrick 1999,
80). In today's society, people tend to visualize and in some case, even alter their bodies in ways that
comply with their sexual orientation and accepted notions of femininity and masculinity. Therefore,
they use their body images to conform to their cultures or racial ethnic group expectations of how a
male or female

Alice Walker: The Perspectives Of Feminist Movement
The Perspectives of Feminist Movements
"Purple is to lavender as woman is to feminist." (Alice Walker)
The concept of feminism is not new in this era. A number of feminist movements have been going
on for centuries now each with a different goal but with the same theme that is gaining rights for
women on equality basis. Women liberation movement, feminist movement or feminism are all
terms used interchangeably to refer to the issue of women rights and struggle for its freedom.
Reason for choosing a topic related to woman rights and woman freedom is very clear. Woman is a
gender created to help process the life of an individual, the life of a society and the life of the world
along with man with proper balance and control. Half of the population

To Be or Not to Be a Feminist
Not identifying as a feminist, I have become oblivious to some of the things that go on where
thousands of women fight for on my behalf. I have identified myself as a non feminist and believe in
the things that I have always been taught. Yet, there is many in my life who have identified
themselves to be feminism or follow in the beliefs of feminism. With this subject being one that
everyone already has their opinion about; we have no use trying to argue it, despite who is right or
wrong on the topic. If and when it does pop up in conversation, I keep my two cents to myself
because, in all honesty, I truly know nothing about feminism. In this paper, I hope to advance my
knowledge of feminism to understand to a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many try to convey their message for equality through marches, campaigns, guest speakers e.t.c. all
in hopes that they can rely the hopeful message to listening ears. These trends within our society are
all trying to prove that women can be equal to men in both jobs and pay. They are trying to convince
those who don 't know, and those who are on the fence. Unfortunately, people can consistently
create or start an negative connotation with everything and anything. As a consequence in today's
generation, the main culprit that many people like to blame is the media.
Everlastingly, the media has been some kind of influence, negative or positive, to anyone who uses
it to research, discovery, e.t.c. anything that they want. That comes into play when feminists want to
gain more awareness of their cause. However many would become blindsided to all of the negativity
and those who are radicals that would get the most publicity. Cynthia de las Fuentes, past president
of American Psychological Association Div. 35 (Society for the Psychology of Women) shows the
difficulties of the advocation of feminism to other minorities besides women, "We've had trouble
communicating feminism's continuing relevance to young people and people of color. Most current
Div. 35 members were active in women's rights in the '70's, and

Feminist Perspective
Two Feminist Perspectives on Perceptions and Understandings of Contemporary Feminism "You're
a Hardcore Feminist, I Swear," by Jessica Valenti focuses on the different perceptions and
definitions of being a feminist. According to Valenti, most us are undercover feminists, we are afraid
to admit it because we are concerned what others will think, or have a lack of clarity regarding the
definition. Feminism is largely seen as all about the anti's, especially anti–men, but it is primarily
concerned with progression and equality rather than anti anything. Valenti debunks many modern
counter–arguments for the feminist movement such as things are fine the way they are, feminism is
outdated and tackles the lack of clarity regarding feminism itself. Recent polls demonstrate most
women support feminist goals, like equal pay, ending violence against women, childcare, women's
healthcare and so on. To Valenti, feminism is simply about belief in equality of the sexes, and the
movement organized around this belief. Feminists are everywhere and many people support feminist
goals without even considering to be a feminist.
"Feminism is for Everybody" by Bell Hooks calls for a closer look and understanding of feminism.
Hooks is extremely proud to represent feminism as a movement to end sexism, sexist exploitation
and oppression. Hooks describes people think she is not like the "real" feminists because she is not
anti–men or angry. The misunderstanding of feminist ideologies

Feminist Perspective On Criminology
The following essay will seek to present an insightful discourse on the made contributions by
feminist's perspective in the grounds of criminology. It will exemplify how the perspective has been
enhanced our understanding on women as victims and perpetrators of crime. It will also critically
analyze the impact it has. I will attempt to discuss different branches of criminology such as,
biological, social, psychological, liberal and radical feminism.
Feminism is a controversial issue and topic. The late 1960 into the early 1970s witnessed the
emergence of feminist criminology; it has been attributed to the second wave of feminism the helped
to project issues affecting women in regards to crime in the public domain (Lawteacher.net, 2018).
There are different 'types' of theoretical perspectives of feminism e.g. liberal, radical, Marxist,
Socialist and Black. The issues regarding women and crime were mainly discussed from
proportionate views from men. Highly critical of traditional criminology as there is a lack of
research into female offending as well as victimization, which was particularly male violence
against women. It also focuses upon male offending and criminal justice system. Lombroso and
Ferrero were two of the first criminologists to look at female criminals. Both their research was
mainly focused on the biological assessment of facial appearances. Lombroso argued that females
commit less crime as they are less developed than males in masculinity. He believed that

A Feminist Perspective On Women
All across the world women are being discriminated against for their gender. Feminism is the
movement to combat this. Though there are many misconstructions to what being a feminist means,
Webster's Dictionary defines feminism as "the theory of the political, economic, and social equality
of the sexes." Feminism is not about one gender being above the other but allowing both to be equal
in all ways. Sexism is expressed in varies different ways. In countries like America, the sexism faced
is shown through things such as the wage gap and gender roles. In other countries, however, such as
Indian and China, the sexism faced is more extreme and the women are in more sever danger.
Some people do not believe there is a need for a feminist movement, and that women have equal
rights. One huge issue that women face is the wage gap. People argue that laws such as the Equal
Pay Act has gotten rid of the need for women's suffrage, but a wage gap still exists. For every dollar
a man makes, the average white woman makes 78 cents. African–American women make 64 cents
and Hispanic women averagely make a mere 56 cents to the man's dollar. Something that affects
women's earnings is lower work hours and "their years with zero earnings due to family care."
"Women workers in their prime earning years earned 62% less than men, or only $0.38 for every
dollar men earned. During that 15–year period, the average woman earned only $273,592 while the
average man earned $722,693 (in 1999 dollars)."

"Do you have a vagina? And do you want to be in charge of it? If you said 'yes ' to both, then
congratulations –– you 're a feminist!" (Kingston). People who advertise feminism in this manner
are exactly how feminists have reached the point they are today. Feminists are demonizing men to
sexual predators and using popular culture as ground zero for their activism campaigns, to show
females as either a victim or the hero who empowered herself as a woman. These absurd
characteristics come to mind when someone speaks of feminism today. When a modern feminist
does not adhere to some ridiculous trait people ask, is she really a feminist? As a society we do not
recognize what feminism was created for. The true role of a feminist is to advocate women's rights
in hopes to achieve a political, social, and economic equality to men. Politically, a feminist should
follow the lead of women candidates in the running for United States president. Socially, a feminist
should stand against the men who exert social control over women. Economically, a feminist should
stand against unequal pay for men and women. A feminists' job is to uphold a civic responsibility
through creating an equal environment for men and women. This is what feminism should be about,
but that is no longer the case. The Western feminist is not interested in civic obligations that should
be occurring, but instead with the overreaction to sexist elements in popular culture and the fixation
of identity privileges.
Rather

Feminist Counselling : A Feminist Perspective
Intro: This essay will thoroughly explore feminist counselling and take into consideration the
theoretical ideas and practice skills that will include the following issues The key figures (founders)
and major focus, philosophy and basic assumptions, key concepts, therapeutic goals, techniques and
procedures, applications, contributions, and the limitations and criticisms of feminist counselling. To
develop a better understanding of the feminist counselling approach, the next few paragraphs will
look at the forms feminist counselling uses to address these issues and inequities within individuals
that have been affected.
Key Figures (Founders)
There is no one founder when it comes to the discovery, and accreditation of feminist counselling.
These women have all contributed to the founding of feminist counselling – Jean Baker Miller,
Carol Gilligan, Carolyn Enns, Laura Brown, Lillian Comas–Diaz, and Olivia Espin, Judith Worrell,
Pam Remer, Sandra Bem, Ellyn Kaschak , Bonnie Burstow, Judith V. Jordan and Mary N. Russell.
Major Focus:
The central focus of feminist counselling is gender, therapists must understand and be sensitive to
how psychological oppression and socialization influence identity development.
(Sommers–Flanagan 2012) states that the term for "feminist theory was developed by women to
address the social and cultural oppression and unequal treatment of women. Implied in the feminist
perspective is the tendency for humans who wield more power to use that

Gay 's Speech : A Feminist Perspective Essay
Gay's speech is primarily focused on appealing to the audience's emotions while simultaneously
establishing her own credibility. Though an appeal to logic and reasoning is less prevalent in Gay's
speech, logos is still utilized in fragments of it. In order for Gay's audience to comprehend her
reasoning behind accepting the label of a "bad feminist" in the eyes of mainstream feminism, she
begins to speak on topics of inequality within the feminist realm; "I reject the mainstream feminism
that has historically ignored or deflected the needs of women of color, working–class women, queer
women and transgender women, in favor of supporting white, middle– and upper–class straight
women"
By admitting some of the genuine challenges that are being faced by non–mainstream feminists,
Gay forces her audience to face the chilling reality of many women whose struggles are not being
equally represented. Gay is aware that her target audiences are perhaps either side of the feminist
movement and via this rhetoric she challenges both audiences to take into account whether or not
this is "good feminism" versus "bad feminism".
In addition to the socio–historical facts Gay states about mainstream feminism, Gay also evidences
her knowledge of pop culture and current events when she speaks on the instance of Beyoncé's
famous (perhaps to some infamous) feminist VMA performance. "At the 2014 MTV Video Music
Awards, she performed in front of the word "feminist" 10 feet high. It was a glorious

Feminist Perspective On Crime
The feminist movement was and still is about women have the same privileges, rights and power of
men in the economy, politics, and in social environments (Oxford Dictionaries, 2015). According to
Williams III & McShane (2011), there has been an increase in literary work about feminist
perspective on crime. Thanks to the expanding literary information published about crime, these
writing were divided into five perspective: Liberal, Radical, Marxist, Socialist, & postmodern.
Liberal
Was the first perspective to publish any information about female criminality (Williams III &
McShane, 2011).
Opposed gendered roles and responsibilities society have said were the standard for men and
women.
Wanted equal treatment from the criminal justice system.
o ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
 Meanwhile the courses offered for women are cooking, cosmetology, sewing, and recently the
addition of computer programing (Adler et al., 2013).
Radical
Women were able to take ownership of their body and eliminate male domination (Williams III &
McShane, 2011). o Example Ti–grace Atkinson after divorcing her husband, she graduated from the
University of Pennsylvania, began working for National Organization for Women (NOW) then
became president of organization (Fahs, 2011).
Determined female criminality was a result of male violence and aggression against women. o
Pretty much opposes patriarchal and sexist societies.
Women should be responsible for themselves and not me dictating to them what they should and
should not be doing.
Marxist
Marxist Feminism focuses on gender division in production. o The reason for unequal gender
variation is due to a hierarchical relationship society follows (Schram & Tibbetts, 2013).
 Men have ownership in both public and private

Feminist Perspective Analysis
Feminist Perspective
Gender is a main aspect family structure.I grew up in Kuwait, a conservative Muslim country with a
prosperous oil–based economy. My family of orientation is comprised of my mother and my sister.
My mother divorced my father when I was 2 years old. Growing up in the 1960s and 1970s, my
mother was exposed to Feminist and Western values. My sister and I were treated equally by our
mother without considering gender as a major factor in her parenting style. My mother started
working at the age of 18 which was very very different from the traditional housewife role that her
mother had. From my observation during her rare interactions with my father, my father always
asserts his " natural dominant male" role while talking to

Important theorists, eye–opening articles, groundbreaking books, and activism has influenced my
intellectual journal through feminist theory. Feminism is a contentious topic with matters that
pertain to contemporary feminism, including the following: reproductive rights; equal access to
education and employment; marriage equality; violence against women; and the sex trade. While
these are only a few of the issues faced by feminists, it is evident that feminism has great value in
today's society. My journey with feminism began in high school when a professor shared negative
assumptions associated with my gender and Aboriginal heritage. This alone was motivation for me
to pursue women's studies, specifically on marginalized populations. Throughout my studies, I have
come across groundbreaking literature, including: We Should All Be Feminists by Chimamanda
Ngozi Adichie; Bad Feminist by Roxane Gay; and Black Looks by Bell Hooks. One of the first
authors that had a big influence on me was Naomi Wolf and The Beauty Myth. Wolf argues that
women's bodies are monitored and imprisoned by the myth of beauty. One of my greatest influences
was Carla Rice (University of Guelph) who studies equity education, gender and sexual
development, and critical psychology. During my Master's degree, I was a teaching assistant for a
Women's Studies course. This opportunity provided me with an environment that I could thrive in,
where I lectured a class of 300 university students. I learned

Feminist Perspective On Prostitution
Prostitution is often referred to as the world's oldest profession, and yet, it is also one of the most
controversial. Utilizing multiple perspectives to understand certain issues may aid in the creating
strategies for equality (Levan, "Unit 1", 10). Different feminist theories have varying opinions
regarding prostitution, and this paper will attempt to address the concerns that each framework
brings in order to promote justice. One of the main arguments surrounding prostitution is whether or
not this type of work should be legalized. Some argue that this work should be decriminalized so
that people who want to work in this field can. This would be voluntary work, unlike those who are
forced into it via human trafficking. In the course text, it is explained that Marxist theory recognizes
that choices "... made in the context of economic or political pressures [can] narrow the possible and
desirable choices" (Levan, "Unit 3", 57). In the context of prostitution, this may mean that people
are choosing the field because it is an accessible type of work that will pay the bills, as opposed to
doing it purely out of choice. From a Marxist, perspective, this means that the workers do not have
freedom (Levan, "Unit 3", 57). Additionally, if the workers were not able to recognize that they were
being coerced into this field by economic necessity, Marxist feminists would claim that they are
living with false consciousness. Levan describes this as the failure for one to see their

Prostitution : A Feminist Perspective
Introduction
Prostitution entails the practice of exchanging sex for financial gains or favors in the organization or
the society. Many women are engaged in different forms of prostitution so as to earn money, or get
favors such as promotions at the workplace.
Financial prostitution is a controversial topic that is legal in countries such as the Netherlands, and
illegal in countries like the United States (Robert, 2014). Radical feminism strongly opposes
prostitution because it dehumanizes or degrades the female members of the society. Radical
feminism also criticizes prostitution because it increases the power politics that is played by the
male members of the society. Feminism aims at having the world where women and men have an
equal share of the privileges, authority, and rights that the society provides.
Active Organizations and Individuals
Very many organizations and individuals play an active role in discouraging prostitution in the
American society. Laurie Shrage is a radical feminist who explains that prostitution degrades
females in various forms; for example, female prostitutes are in many cases assaulted by their male
clients (Hubbard, 2012). Other notable feminists who have discourage prostitution activities are
Kethleen Barry, Laura Lederer, and Julie Bindel.
The Breaking Free organization is located in Minnesota. The organization aims at combating the
commercial sex exploitation of the prostitutes. This is through giving direct charges to the girls and
women

Feminist Perspective In Hamlet
"When a woman turns to scholarship there is usually something wrong with her sexual apparatus."
Though this quote sounds like it was written in the last decade by a misogynist, it, in fact, was
written by German philosopher, Friedrich Nietzche in the 19th century. The thought that women are
lesser in comparison to their male counterparts is an age–old notion held by many men over time.
The advocacy of women's rights on the basis of equality of the sexes is called Feminism. Though the
Feminist movement saw its start in the mid–1800's, it really took off in the 1940's during World War
II. Looking at literature through a feminist lens is an eye–opening experience that allows the reader
to be cognizant of the female presence and perspective throughout the story and surrounding
historical periods. Looking at Hamlet through a feminist lens enables readers to see that the female
characters present in the play are oversimplified and seemingly subservient.
There are only two female characters seen throughout the entirety of Hamlet, Hamlets mother,
Gertrude and his love interest, Ophelia. While each woman struggles with her own personal woes,
they have a mutual connection in the fact that they are often oversimplified and seldom understood.
Unbeknownst to many who read Hamlet, Gertrude and Ophelia play a larger role than one can tell
by simply skimming the surface of the play. By using the feminist lens one can deduce that these
women play an essential role in the advancement of the plot. The fact that these women play a large
role is often missed because outside of Ophelia's love affair with Hamlet we do not get to know her
as a woman. Every time the reader hears of Ophelia she is either in tears or close to tears over a
man. The same can almost be said for Gertrude, the audience does not hear of Gertrude outside of
her relationship with King Hamlet and Claudius. The decisions the women make are made out to
appear like that of a person weak–willed and too foolish for their own good. Though Gertrude and
Ophelia seem to be in emotional turmoil more often than not, their problems are never actually
resolved. When the reoccurring belief is "frailty, thy name is woman" it ceases to be shocking that
the emotions being

Feminist Perspective On Pornography
Many people have argued that pornography is a form of artistic expression, protected by the First
Amendment of the Constitution, others feel there is a distinct line between art and "porn"
(Pornogrpahy). Pornography is made to provide sexual pleasure to anyone who hears, sees or reads
it, it involves erotic acts. Pornography could be talking, "acting," or anything that may sexually
stimulate someone. Pornography is also, the portrayal of sexual activities and it comes in the form of
magazines, movies, videos, and more. Pornography is often seen to overstep the bounds of the First
Amendment and misrepresent what is means by freedom of speech. Pornography isn't something
that everyone can agree on. For example, feminist are one group of people have a variety of feelings
and beliefs towards pornography. While feminist usually share the same way of thinking this is one
topic that causes a major division between them. Disagreeing to agree is a common compromise that
people face in life, but in the case of pornography feminist can not seem to do so. Andrea Dworkin
and Catharine A. Mackinnon(Feminist Perspectives), are just two of the women that have stood up
against pornography. There are a plethora of feminist see pornography as a way to keep women
oppressed and subjected to man. Almost as if porn is taking women in a step backwards.Mackinnon
believes porn is an act of sexual violence (McElroy) and Dworkin sees it as sexist and a "deliberate
means of subordinating women to men" (Feminist Perspectives). Dworkin and Mackinnon
collectively view pornography as not a form of speech, but as an active discrimination and violence
against women (Feminist Perspectives). Popular pornography includes abusive scenes and language
that is extremely derogatory towards women. Through research it is also believed that due to the acts
of violence and sexual abuse depicted in pornography it is causing men to reenact and bring what
they've watched to life (Purcell). Consequently, due to the voices of the anti–porn feminist there has
been many legal actions taken against the porn industry. There has been several ordinances drawn
up, a few were done by Catharine A. Mackinnon. Mackinnon and Dworkin had a civil rights
ordinance that

Feminist Perspectives On Criminology
In this paper, I will set out to uncover the impact of feminist approaches within criminology. It will
demonstrate how these theoretical perspectives have changed our opinion on women as victims, as
well as criminals themselves. By exploration of taboo subjects such as the danger of prostitution
looking into how it can prove problematic for feminism. In addition to the labelling of domestic
violence, whilst uncovering a variety of key theorists and perspectives. Feminism is crucial to the
study of criminology as it takes away traditional explanations of crime and uncovers an entirely
different perspective of crime and criminal behaviour. Feminist Criminology contains many
different extensions Liberal, Radical, Marxist, Socialist etc.. This ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In Criminology, altogether makes space for the voices of women. There are different contentions put
crosswise over women in the field of criminology that offer a perspective as to women as criminals
or victims of crime (Mallicoat, 2012).
Feminist opinions on prostitution are widely varied, with differing opinions both for and against
prostitution. Those opposed to prostitution believe it to be a form of exploitation of women, it is
thought that it makes women appear redundant which in turn keeps male domination intact resulting
in an unfair patriarchal society. It reinforces negative stereotypes of the acceptance of women being
sexually objectified for the sexual gratification of men. Therefore, prostitution is viewed as a crime
an act of violence against women of which should be deemed unacceptable in modern day society
(O'Neill and Maggie, 2000). These feminists put forward the notion that entry into prostitution in the
majority is not a freedom of choice. It is an entrapment in which either women in financial difficulty
are driven too or they are often victims of human trafficking. Their argument is that no one truly
enters into prostitution through their own free will. Women who enter prostitution do so through
desperation to feed an alcohol/drug addiction, or to fill a void of damage caused by previous sexual
abuse or simply because

Throughout history, women have fought for equality in areas such as politics, religion, careers and
many more. Specifically, women fight to be treated with respect and equality in criminal justice and
law enforcement careers. Criminology in particular is one of the most male centered fields of study
in social sciences. As a female who plans to one day hold a career in this field, this issue is very
personal to me. In 1960, Canada and Britain began interest in the argument that women are ignored
in criminology. After this, the second wave of feminism interest came mid–twentieth century. This
wave led to renewed interest in female offenders.
Feminism is a set of theories and strategies to make gender the central focus in social change. This
will help in attempts to understand relationships, institutions and processes. To broadly summarize,
feminism is the belief that women are inherently of equal worth to men. Many feminist views
believe women suffer from oppression and discrimination due to living in a male dominated society.
When a society is run by a majority of males, the laws and customs are more likely to be created in
order to benefit their gender.
The first wave of feminism initially began in the 1800's when women began demanding the right to
vote. The peak of this first wave was between the years 1870–1928. In 1920, the nineteenth
amendment to the constitution was passed, finally granting women the right to vote.
Although this was a huge victory for women

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