Dendritic polymers are excellent modifiers for polyamide (PA) because of the unique structure and physicochemical characteristics. 1) Improve tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength and rheological properties (improve melt fluidity, lower plasticizing temperature) in PA6 ; 2) Used as compatilizer for PA6, PP or other nylon, such as PA11, PA1010 , improve both compatibility and mechanical properties; 3) Improve dispersion of glass fibers, carbon fibers and various inorganic fillers in PA6; 4) Decrease spinning temperature of nylon to reduce thermal degradation; 5) Endow PA6 with excellent low temperature toughness, thereby increase performance of low temperature resistance.

1. CYD COMPANY
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CYD Dendritic Polymers-Plastics and Rubber Additives
Polyamide (PA) Processing Aids
Product Description
Dendritic polymers as "the fourth class of new polymer materials", are
attractive to the scientific world and industrial circles. The novelty of these
materials includes highly branched molecular structure, a large number of
surfacefunctionalgroups,voidspaceinmolecules,monodispersemolecular
weightdistributionandnanoscaledimensions.Thestructuralcharacteristicsof
dendriticpolymersleadtouniquepropertiessuchasexcellentsolubilityand
dispersion properties, low melt viscosity and solution viscosity, difficult to
crystallizeandeasytoformfilm,showingunparallelednanofeatures.

Dendriticpolymersareexcellentmodifiersforpolyamide(PA)becauseofthe
unique structure and physicochemical characteristics. 1) Improve tensile
strength, flexural strength, impact strength and rheological properties
(improve melt fluidity, lower plasticizing temperature) in PA6 ; 2) Used as
compatilizerforPA6,PPorothernylon,suchasPA11,PA1010,improveboth
compatibilityandmechanicalproperties;3)Improvedispersionofglassfibers,
carbon fibers and various inorganic fillers in PA6; 4) Decrease spinning
temperature of nylon to reduce thermal degradation; 5) Endow PA6 with
excellent low temperature toughness, thereby increase performance of low
temperatureresistance.

Excellent performance of nylon system with dendritic polymers:
• ImprovemechanicalpropertiesofPA6,suchastensilestrength,flexural
strength,impactstrength,etc.;
• Improveflowability,processabilityofPA6;

2. CYD COMPANY
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• Lowerprocessingtemperature,reducethermaldecompositionofPA6,
decreaseenergyconsumption,savecost;
• ImprovethelowtemperatureresistanceperformanceofPA6;
• ImprovecompatibilityofPA6withothernylonsystemsorotherresinssuch
asPP;
• ImprovedispersionofinorganicfillerssuchasglassfiberinthePAsystem.

Basic Physical Properties
No. TestItems Unit Index
1 Appearance --- Viscousliquidorsolid
2 Volatile %(w/w) ≤ 2%
3 Density g/ml 1.0～1.5
PA6 performance improved by dendritic polymers--1
Preparation methods: ThepremixedmaterialofdendriticpolymersandPA6was
dried firstly and then extruded and granulated from Twin-screw extruder
(screw length-diameter ratio  L/D=30, screw diameter ф =35mm), heating
temperaturesection:zone1100℃,zone2200℃,zone3227℃,zone4230
℃,zone5215℃,screwspeed80r/min.Thegranulatedmaterialwasdriedin
vacuum drying oven at 80℃ around 12h, and then injected into standard
samples from M20-55 Injection Machine(Maximum injection pressure
1700kg/cm3)fortestofstretch,impactandbend,themoldtemperaturewas
roomtemperature.

In PA6 systems, 1.5% dendritic polymers will increase the tensile strength
from 75.4MPa to 77.2MPa, improved by 2.4%; bending strength increased
from 139.5MPa to 146.3MPa, enhanced by 4.9%; bending modulus raised

3. CYD COMPANY
from 1901.0MPa to 1958.7MPa, improved by 3.0%; elongation at break,
impactstrengthshowbestperformancewhendosagewas1%,enhancedfrom
168.8%,33.9J/mto202.5%,39.5J/m,raised19.96%and16.52%.

AsshowninFigure1,PA6with1.5%dendriticpolymers,meltindexofblend
was increased from 18.2g/10min to 46.7g/10min, enhanced by 156%, thus
improvingprocessingperformance.

As shown in Figure 2, complex viscosity of blend was obviously decreased
with dosage increasing of dendritic polymers, maximum initial complex
viscosity was reduced around 70%, and then a little increase, so with 1.5%
dendriticpolymers,rheologicalpropertiesofdendriticpolymers/PA6reached
best.
Melt Index
Figure1Effectofdendriticpolymersdosageonmeltindexofnylonblends
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Figure2EffectofdendriticpolymersdosageonrheologicalpropertiesofPAblend
PA6 performance improved by dendritic polymers--2
Preparation methods:
BlendofPA6/dendriticpolymers(0.1-2.0%ofPA6amount)wasmeltedand
extrudedthroughTwin-screwextruder,thendriedinvacuumaround12hand
injectedintostandardsamples,injectionpressure80bar,backpressure5bar,
maintaining pressure60bar,themoldtemperaturewas30℃.

As shown in Table 1, compared with pure PA6 system at different
temperature, melt index of system was greatly increased after adding
dendriticpolymers,whendosagewas2.0%,meltindexat235℃,245℃,255℃
and265℃wasimprovedby41.3%,46.1%,37%,36.1%.

As shown in Table 2, with 0.5% dendritic polymers as additives, injection
moldingtemperaturewasdecreased10℃comparedwithpurePA6system,if
increase the dosage to 2.0%, processing temperature lowered 15℃, thus
reducingthermaldegradationduringprocessing.
Dendritic polymers as additives can significantly improve mechanical
properties of PA6, with 2.0% dosage, the yield strength, tensile modulus,
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notched impact strength and flexural strength were increased by 12.8%,
30.8%,44.2%,17.5%.
Table 1 Melt flow index of PA6/Dendritic polymers blends with different
dendritic polymers contents.(Load: 2.16 kg)
MFI（g/10min） Dendritic polymers
content（wt%）
235℃ 245℃ 255℃ 265℃
Pure PA6 13.8 19.1 25.4 32.1
0.1 13.6 18.5 24.8 31.6
0.5 16.2 21.2 27.5 33.2
1.0 17.1 22.5 29.2 35.0
2.0 19.5 27.9 34.8 43.7
 Table 2 Injection molding temperatures of PA6/Dendritic polymers blends
Barrel temperature（℃） Dendritic polymers
content（wt%）
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
Pure PA6 220 235 230 220
0.1 215 230 225 215
0.5 210 225 220 210
1.0 210 220 215 205
2.0 205 215 210 205

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Dendritic polymers improve compatibility performance of PA6/PA1010
3.0%contentdendriticpolymerswasaddedtoblendofPA6/PA1010,tensile
strength was enhanced 18.8% which from 66.1MPa to 78.5MPa, bending
strength was increased by 15.7% which from 82.2MPa to 95.1MPa, and
flexuralmoduluswasraisedby26.4%whichfrom1938MPato2450MPa.The
data shows that dendritic polymers play compatibilization effect in blends
systems,strengthentheinterfacebindingbetweenPA6andPA1010,andalso
improveprocessingfluidity.
Applicable Grades：CYD-P Series, CYD-PR121, CYD-PR526, CYD-PU738,
CYD-PD529 etc.