There are 6 topic in the box with references. Each one need 400 words and no need in text reference. Please follow the questions of each one to do one by one. Any references are given below is important, so use it carefully please · Project Planning 1. What is project planning? 2. What is time-scheduling and how does it help in planning a project? 3. What tools are available to help project managers plan out tasks? 4. What is Critical Path Analysis? How does it work? 5. Practice your techniques for CPA. References: · “A schedule is the timetable for a project. It shows how the work will progress over a period of time and takes into account factors such as limited resources and estimating uncertainty.”APM (2012) · · WBS diagrammatic view · Based upon three estimates of duration for the activity: Most optimistic (a) Most likely (m) Most pessimistic (b) Weighted average = a + 4m + b · · Gantt Charts · Critical path analysis Background: Developed in the late 1950’s by Remington Rand Univac. Improved the control of production to sales turnaround. Purpose: To calculate the longest sequence of dependent activities needed to complete the project. Use: Enables the PM to see the impact of delays/which activities can tolerate delays. Float highlights delay tolerance Method: Two stages: forward pass (earliest start) reverse pass (latest start) · Learning Lessons 1. Why is ‘lessons learned’ important in Project Management? 2. How can lessons be captured? 3. What are the advantages and barriers of capturing lessons? 4. How can lessons be used? References: · ‘...knowledge and experiences gathered in different projects are not being systematically integrated into the organisational knowledge base...’ · ‘Lessons learned are able to provide competitive advantage if used properly.’ · ‘Companies could save considerable costs, which result from redundant work and the repetition of mistakes, if they master the project learning cycle.’ Process-based methods: · Project review/project audit · Post control · Post-project appraisal (2 years) · After action review Documentation based: · Micro article · Learning histories (anonymous) · Systems issues: · Capture · Storage · Retrieval · Project ‘amnesia’ · Time · Motivation · Discipline · Skills · Barriers: · Temporary nature leads to knowledge loss · Lack of senior support · Lack of standard processes · Reluctance to share · Time pressure · Stakeholder Management There should be a distinct structure to your answer, which may include: 1. What is Stakeholder Management? (Possible definition) 2. Briefly highlighting what the stakeholder management process is, with an emphasis on what the ‘analysis’ part of the process aims to achieve. 3. How stakeholder management contributes to large scale projects. 4. Examples of analysis tools that might be used (i.e. stakeholder management matrix, stakeholder mapping, stakeholder management cycle) – citing theory where appropriate. 5. Benefits – which ...

1. There are 6 topic in the box with references. Each one need 400
words and no need in text reference. Please follow the
questions of each one to do one by one. Any references are
given below is important, so use it carefully please
· Project Planning
1. What is project planning?
2. What is time-scheduling and how does it help in planning a
project?
3. What tools are available to help project managers plan out
tasks?
4. What is Critical Path Analysis? How does it work?
5. Practice your techniques for CPA.
References:
· “A schedule is the timetable for a project. It shows how the
work will progress over a period of time and takes into account
factors such as limited resources and estimating
uncertainty.”APM (2012)
·
· WBS diagrammatic view
· Based upon three estimates
of duration for the activity:
Most optimistic (a)
Most likely (m)
Most pessimistic (b)
Weighted average = a + 4m + b
·

2. · Gantt Charts
· Critical path analysis
Background: Developed in the late 1950’s by Remington Rand
Univac. Improved the control of production to sales turnaround.
Purpose: To calculate the longest sequence of dependent
activities needed
to complete the project.
Use: Enables the PM to see the impact of delays/which
activities can tolerate delays. Float highlights delay tolerance
Method: Two stages:
forward pass (earliest start)
reverse pass (latest start)
· Learning Lessons
1. Why is ‘lessons learned’ important in Project Management?
2. How can lessons be captured?
3. What are the advantages and barriers of capturing lessons?
4. How can lessons be used?
References:
· ‘...knowledge and experiences gathered in different projects
are not being systematically integrated into the organisational
knowledge base...’
· ‘Lessons learned are able to provide competitive advantage if
used properly.’
· ‘Companies could save considerable costs, which result from
redundant work and the repetition of mistakes, if they master
the project learning cycle.’
Process-based methods:
· Project review/project audit
· Post control
· Post-project appraisal (2 years)
· After action review
Documentation based:

3. · Micro article
· Learning histories (anonymous)
· Systems issues:
· Capture
· Storage
· Retrieval
· Project ‘amnesia’
· Time
· Motivation
· Discipline
· Skills
· Barriers:
· Temporary nature leads
to knowledge loss
· Lack of senior support
· Lack of standard processes
· Reluctance to share
· Time pressure
· Stakeholder Management
There should be a distinct structure to your answer, which may
include:
1. What is Stakeholder Management? (Possible definition)
2. Briefly highlighting what the stakeholder management
process is, with an emphasis on what the ‘analysis’ part of the
process aims to achieve.
3. How stakeholder management contributes to large scale
projects.
4. Examples of analysis tools that might be used (i.e.
stakeholder management matrix, stakeholder mapping,
stakeholder management cycle) – citing theory where
appropriate.
5. Benefits – which may include: winning support for the
project, winning resources, publicising the project, influencing
key stakeholders, stakeholders having input into how the project

4. is shaped, continuous monitoring of stakeholders.
6. Challenges – can be subjective, can be forgotten after
planning stage, can cost money, or take up time that the project
management team can’t afford (particularly on large scale
projects where scope may change and where there may be a
large number of stakeholders).
7. Summary – Acknowledgement of how stakeholder
management contributes to successful project management, with
a particular emphasis on large scale projects, and why on larger
scale projects it is even more important (complexity, more
risky, likely to change etc).
References:
· Stakeholder management is the systematic identification,
analysis, planning and implementation of actions designed to
engage with stakeholders
Risk Management
1. What is Risk Management?
2. How does it help a project in achieving success?
3. What tools/techniques/theories are available for Project
Managers to use to assess and respond to project risks?
4. Selecting one of those tools, critically discuss how this might
be used. Support your answer with appropriate example.
References:
Project Teams
1. What is a project team?
2. How can a project manager ensure he/she enables a team to
perform well? What models/theories help us to understand team

5. performance on projects?
3. What are the barriers to effective teamwork on a project?
How can a project manager try to overcome these barriers?
4. Explain some of the key challenges a project manager may
face when bringing together a new team. Propose how these
challenges can best be managed.
References:
Project Governance
1. What are the four principles of effective project governance
(Garland 2009)?
2. What other elements are included in the project governance?
3. What is the role of project governance?
4. Can the Project Manager conduct the Project Assurance role?
5. How PRINCE2 supports good project governance?
References:
Instructions:
1- Write an essay of approximately 1000 to 1200 words (about
four double-spaced typed pages) on your chosen topic. Expect
that if your essay goes over the length requirement, your essay
could be returned to you for revision.
2- Based on the research you found as well as your own
brainstorming, develop a straightforward thesis that is
sufficiently limited in scope (meaning something you can do
justice to in a short essay).
3- Create an outline.

6. 4- Make use of at least two (and no more than four) secondary
sources within your essay by adding quotations and paraphrases.
Then, every time you paraphrase or quote, follow these four
steps:
· Introduce each source
· Present the research
· Credit the source parenthetically
· Discuss
In other words, include quotation (and paraphrase) sandwiches
in your essay. Don’t just drop in quotations or paraphrases from
sources into your essay. (Some experts call these hit and run
quotations).
5- Create a Works Cited or References page, and make sure to
take this seriously. Do not guess, and do not use a software
program. Doing this correctly is not difficult, but it does require
you to pay very close attention to detail. We expect you to do
so.
6- Study the assignment checklist and answer the questions
honestly.
7- Use MLA citation format style.
Topic :
Comparison/Contrast Choices:
- Compare OR contrast two professional athletes.