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2. Introduction
Counselling is the way relationships between the Counselor and the Client is formed
determining the time and effort put in to develop and sustain the intimacy of this rapport.
The role of a Counselor is to allow the client to express their feelings such as; anger,
antipathy, culpability and fear and their issues of worries in a confidential way.
Nevertheless, the most important part for a Counselor is their experience and ability to
apply the counselling theories and techniques to help and assist clients in achieving
awareness, insight and ways explored to solve the clients’ issues. The purpose of this essay is
to reflect upon the use of Counselling skills which was applied through a Video segment of
10 mins done between my client Veronica and I, and this is to enable her to build up a
trusting relationship rapport. Veronica is suffering from chronic pains and which is causing
distractions for her to cope with her studies. Geldard and Geldard (2012) have indicated
that joining, open body posture, minimal encourages, reflection of feelings and
summarising content are essential skills for a counsellor to hold in order for the counselling
process to be effective. Below are the skills used in the interaction between counsellor
(myself as KA) and client (VA).
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Invitation to talk
“A lot of people find it difficult to start talking about what is really concerning them and one
way of helping them is by asking a simple and direct question” (Geldard & Geldard, 2012,
p.43).This is the first skill where the counsellor invites the client to start to tell their reason
of their need for a counselling session. However this can start with an open question. In this
video session, I opened the session by welcoming the client and then started the
conversation by inviting my client using an open question, “Hi Veronika, can you please tell
me what's brought you in today?”.
Active Listening with minimal responses
3. This is the skill where the counsellor concentrates mostly on using minimal responses so as
to keep the process flowing and to make sure that what the client said is understood by the
Counsellor, proving the Client that the Counsellor is showing an interest. In the case Dr Carl
Rogers and the Client Centered Therapy, Rogers showed empathy and non-judgement to
create a safe and secure environment for his client to express herself openly and freely and
also made use of minimum responses using words like “Mm-hmm”. . These responses let
the client know that she had been heard and encouraged her to continue talking. In my
video session, I also used Active Listening with minimum responses at 01.05, 01.21, 01.42,
where Veronika could express herself and free herself of what is troubling her.
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Silence/ Non-Verbal Behaviour
Rogers’s sensitive, empathic and powerful statements enabled the client to fully feel her
emotions and respond to her internal processes. “As a result of this she may feel better and
move forward” (i.e. towards a more positive side of the issue) (Geldard & Geldard, 2012,
p.49). Silence is “the temporary absence of any overt verbal or paraverbal communication
between counsellor and client within sessions” (Feltham and Dryden, 1993, p. 117).In this
video I used silence twice at 01.06 and 02.44, where I left the space to Veronika to gather
herself to tell me more of what she is going through.
Summarising
Van Velsor (2004), states that when counsellors are able to summarise the information
relayed to them, an understanding of the message is conveyed back to the client. This is
where the Counsellor using his own words to summarise and clarify to the client that what
she said and discussed was understood by the Counsellor. As for Egan (Egan, 2010, p 202)
he states “a good way for a counselor to check for accuracy is by giving a summary”. In this
video I used summarizing two times at 01.52 and 05.01 to reaffirm Veronika that I
understand everything she said and that we are on the same line.
Reflection of Content / Paraphrasing
4. Geldard (1989) states that it is important that ‘so that the client believes with confidence
that she is being both heard and understood’. In the Carl Rogers and Client Centered
Therapy, Dr Rogers used this skills very often so as to make sure he is at the same level of
understanding as Peteranne (client-centered therapy, 1985). On the other hand, Armstrong
(2006, p102) describes that “paraphrasing isa reflection of the counsellor’sunderstanding of
what the client has stated about an important point and packaged as a more succinct version
of what they have said”. Where as in this scenario, I used the paraphrasing at 05.01 to give
Veronika a chance to realise what was the best action and come out to her thinking of what
can be done for her to get out of her situation.
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Parroting
This is where the Counsellor repeats some of the last words or unfinished sentenced
mentioned by the client, in order to make the clients words valuable, thence its parroting
take place. Parroting is useful when something which was said that does not immediately
make sense to you and lets the client reflect on what they said by hearing themselves and
thus allow them to revise their sayings. I did use this skill to repeat her words “so you feel
divided” this enhances Veronika to explore more in which way she feels about being into a
situation where she has to make a choice. In my video session I should not have parrot back
on 04.29 and 04.37 and instead use more the silence skills as she was disturbed by an
outside noise.
Reflection of Feelings
““Feeling that you're not really fulfilled?”. By relaying feelings back to the client, the
counsellor has shown that they have understood the emotional aspect of the issue” (Kuntze,
van der Molen & Born, 2009). This is where feelings are reflected, and the Counsellor
empathises with the client and puts himself in the shoes of the client. In the Client Centred
Therapy, Dr Rogers once moved his hand. He showed his empathy and sensitivity which
helped Peteranne to let go of her emotions by keeping some minutes of silence. In this video
session, at one point, during the session, Veronika was visibly upset and this gave me an
opportunity toaddress her feelings. Her voice trembled with emotion as she attempted to
5. explain how upset shewas feeling. At 06.22 and 07.11 I felt the way she was really confused
and wanted to go away from this session.
Body Language
Geldard and Geldard (2001) suggests to assist clients to relax, counsellors can include
intheir repertoire, the matching of non-verbal behaviour. In this video I used at 01.06,
02.44 and 07.36, shaking my head in a way to say yes but without saying anything. That
makes Veronika comfortable and invites her to continue to tell her issue and make her feel
accepted.
Closure
Closure in a counselling process is a closing of the session. This is where the session ends for
the day and where the Counsellor mentioned to the client taking into consideration through
the time and the further process and acceptance of the client to end up the day session on a
good term and thence the Counsellor advise the client when she would like to have another
session and if they feel like having other session. As in my video session, I asked Veronika
whether she would like to see me in two weeks or a months’ time and thence she decided to
make an appointment in a month time where she will be well suited to know where she is
at.
Conclusion
To conclude I am satisfied that I use the basic counselling micro skills to establish a
therapeutic relationship with Veronika and I was able to build the rapport and acquire a
strong person-centered approach by communicating the core conditions of unconditional
positive regard, empathy and genuineness. I believe that I made use of the time effectively
but nevertheless I feel I should have spoken more loudly and clearly and also I should have
asked some questions that may be help Veronika to be more exposed about her situation. I
have been able to identify the skills where I needed to improve thus maintain my current
strengths .
6. References
Armstrong, P 2006,The Practice of Counselling,Thomson Higher Education, Melbourne.
Client Centered Therapy [Video file]. (1985). Milton H. Erickson Foundation. Retrieved
November 01, 2015, from Counseling and Therapy in Video: Volume III
Egan, G 2010,The Skilled Helper: A Problem-Management and Opportunity-Development
Approach to Helping, 9th edn,Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, Belmont, CA
Feltham C. and Dryden W. (1993): Dictionary of Counselling, London, Whurr.
Geldard, G & Geldard, K. (1989), Basic Personal Counselling A training manual for
counsellors (1st ed.), (p.84)
Geldard, D., & Geldard, K. (2012). Basic personal counselling: A training manual for
counsellors. (7th.ed). Sydney, Australia: Pearson Australia.
Van Velsor, P. (2004). Revisiting basic counseling skills with children. Journal of
Counseling and Development, 82, 313-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-
6678.2004.tb00316.x