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MAT 510 MIDTERM First Attempt
• Question 1
Improvement is needed for an organization to survive because:
• Question 2
Why is it so difficult for a person or an organization to
improve?
• Question 3
A SIPOC map is:
• Question 4

2. Lean manufacturing, Six Sigma, Total Quality Management are
some of the new systems for managing and improving an
organization. What is a common theme running through these
approaches?
• Question 5
Problem solving activities typically include:
• Question 6
The fact that processes tend to be dynamic, rather than static, is
a key principle of statistical thinking. Which of the following is
a natural consequence of this fact?
• Question 7
The Statistical Thinking Strategy has significant commonality
with the scientific method. Which of the following statistical
thinking principles is NOT generally associated with the
scientific method?
• Question 8
Figure 2.16 shows a chart of the Dow Jones Industrial Average
from 1990 through 2011. This plot reveals some obvious
change points, such as the 2008 financial collapse, and some
unexplainable short-term variation. Assuming that these are
the only sources of variation in this plot, what source of
variation is NOT visible in the plot?

3. • Question 9
In Figure 2.11, Coach Hau presented data showing where goals
were scored on crosses. This produced unexpected results, in
terms of where the goals came from, and helped his team
determine an effective strategy on free kicks. This is an
example of what principle of statistical thinking?
• Question 10
The Statistical Thinking Strategy illustrated in Figure 2.14
provides a graphic of the overall approach to driving
improvement through statistical thinking. Which of the
following is a key principle illustrated in this specific graph?
• Question 11
In the soccer case study, Coach Hau developed a flowchart of
the steps one goes through to properly “head” the ball, and then
developed unique drills to develop the team’s skills in each of
these steps. This approach is an example of what statistical
thinking principle?
• Question 12
A manufacturing process has been experiencing problems. The
operators charting the process data have identified the cause to
be due to an unanticipated change in incoming raw materials.
This problem should be considered:
• Question 13

4. Process measurements are:
• Question 14
Process complexity is important because complex processes:
• Question 15
Service and non-manufacturing processes:
• Question 16
The Hidden Factory is:
• Question 17
The primary goal of process mapping is to:
• Question 18
Service processes are different from manufacturing processes
in that:
• Question 19
Viewing a business as a system is important because:
• Question 20

5. Use of subject matter knowledge is a key aspect of the
Statistical Thinking Strategy discussed in Chapter 2. For which
of the following case studies in Chapter 4 was this principle
NOT clearly applied?
• Question 21
Which of the following are valid statements about the DMAIC
framework?
• Question 22
We learned in Chapter 3 that the measurement process is
always important and worthy of our attention. However, in
Chapter 4 we found that measurement can be absolutely
critical to solving the problem. For which of the case studies in
Chapter 4 was measurement NOT discussed as a critical issue?
• Question 23
Which of the following are accurate statements about the
relationship between the Process Improvement Framework
(PIF) and the Problem Solving Framework (PSF)?
• Question 24
The frameworks discussed in Chapter 4 could be considered
more specific examples of:
• Question 25

6. If you are thinking creatively about how to take existing tools
and link and sequence them to develop a novel approach to
solve important problems, this would be an example of:
MAT 510 MIDTERM 2ND Attempt
• Question 1
Understanding variation is important because variation:
• Question 2
A SIPOC map is:
• Question 3
Improvement is needed for an organization to survive because:
• Question 4
Why is it so difficult for a person or an organization to
improve?
• Question 5
W. E. Deming commented “You don’t have to make these
changes, survival is not mandatory.” His message is:
• Question 6

7. The fact that processes tend to be dynamic, rather than static, is
a key principle of statistical thinking. Which of the following is
a natural consequence of this fact?
• Question 7
In the advertising case study, the unexpected “V” shaped
pattern in the plot of advertising dollars versus sales indicated
what?
• Question 8
Box, Hunter, and Hunter are quoted in this chapter as stating:
“Data have no meaning in themselves; they are meaningful only
in relation to a conceptual model of the phenomenon studied.”
This critical point is related to which of the following principles
of statistical thinking?
• Question 9
Analysts have noticed that October tends to be a bad month in
the collections department – our collections on past due
accounts tend to be consistently lower in October. This issue
should be considered:
• Question 10
It is, unfortunately, common in business for managers to
demand an explanation for variation that is, based on statistics,
typical and expected variation, i.e., common cause variation.
Alternatively, there may be obvious special causes in the data
that may be shrugged off as “typical business fluctuations”.

8. Which of the following statements about interpretation of
variation are true?
• Question 11
The Statistical Thinking Strategy illustrated in Figure 2.14
provides a graphic of the overall approach to driving
improvement through statistical thinking. Which of the
following is a key principle illustrated in this specific graph?
• Question 12
In Figure 2.11, Coach Hau presented data showing where goals
were scored on crosses. This produced unexpected results, in
terms of where the goals came from, and helped his team
determine an effective strategy on free kicks. This is an
example of what principle of statistical thinking?
• Question 13
The Hidden Factory is:
• Question 14
The primary goal of process mapping is to:
• Question 15
Viewing a business as a system is important because:
• Question 16

9. The SIPOC model for a business helps everyone in the company
see the business from an overall perspective by:
I. Keeping a focus on customer needs
II. Identifying inputs and outputs for each step of the
process
III. Displaying cross-function activities in simple terms
IV. Helping maintain the big business picture
• Question 17
Process complexity is important because complex processes:
• Question 18
Service processes are different from manufacturing processes
in that:
• Question 19
Processes are important because:
• Question 20
If you are thinking creatively about how to take existing tools
and link and sequence them to develop a novel approach to
solve important problems, this would be an example of:
• Question 21
Which type of variation was critical to resolving the realized
revenue case study?

10. • Question 22
Suppose the Process Improvement Framework were used to
attack a problem where the process in question was inherently
unstable. Which of the following would be a likely result of this
effort?
• Question 23
The frameworks discussed in Chapter 4 could be considered
more specific examples of:
• Question 24
The Problem Solving Framework begins with a “Document the
Problem” phase. The Process Improvement Framework does
not begin this way, but rather begins with an “Understand the
Process phase.” Which of the following are valid reasons for
this difference?
• Question 25
Which of the following are valid statements about the DMAIC
framework?
MAT 510 Midterm Exam Set 2

11. • Question 1
W. E. Deming commented “You don’t have to make these
changes, survival is not mandatory.” His message is:
• Question 2
The principal drivers of the rapid change in the global economy
are:
• Question 3
Process average or mean:
• Question 4
Which of the following are principles of Statistical Thinking?
• Question 5
A SIPOC map is:
• Question 6
Figure 2.16 shows a chart of the Dow Jones Industrial Average
from 1990 through 2011. This plot reveals some obvious
change points, such as the 2008 financial collapse, and some
unexplainable short-term variation. Assuming that these are
the only sources of variation in this plot, what source of
variation is NOT visible in the plot?

12. • Question 7
Figure 2.15 displays a model of the statistics discipline,
showing the relationship between statistical thinking,
statistical engineering, and statistical methods and tools. Which
of the following is a principle illustrated by this model?
• Question 8
In the soccer case study, Coach Hau developed a flowchart of
the steps one goes through to properly “head” the ball, and then
developed unique drills to develop the team’s skills in each of
these steps. This approach is an example of what statistical
thinking principle?
• Question 9
Analysts have noticed that October tends to be a bad month in
the collections department – our collections on past due
accounts tend to be consistently lower in October. This issue
should be considered:
• Question 10
What is tool that can be used to detect the structure variation?
• Question 11
In Figure 2.11, Coach Hau presented data showing where goals
were scored on crosses. This produced unexpected results, in
terms of where the goals came from, and helped his team

13. determine an effective strategy on free kicks. This is an
example of what principle of statistical thinking?
• Question 12
The Statistical Thinking Strategy illustrated in Figure 2.14
provides a graphic of the overall approach to driving
improvement through statistical thinking. Which of the
following is a key principle illustrated in this specific graph?
• Question 13
Viewing a business as a system is important because:
• Question 14
Processes are important because:
• Question 15
The Hidden Factory is:
• Question 16
Refer to Figure 3.21 and choose the correct statement for the
measurements
• Question 17
Service processes are different from manufacturing processes
in that:

14. • Question 18
The SIPOC model for a business helps everyone in the company
see the business from an overall perspective by:
I. Keeping a focus on customer needs
II. Identifying inputs and outputs for each step of the
process
III. Displaying cross-function activities in simple terms
IV. Helping maintain the big business picture
• Question 19
Sub-optimization occurs when: