Presentasi Diskusi Meja Bundar Teknologi Pemilu Apa yang Dibutuhkan Pemilu Indonesia

1. Electoral Processes
IDEA Electoral Processes
Electoral Technology
Peter Wolf
International IDEA
Asia Election Technology Dialogues 2016

2. Electoral Processes
International IDEA
 Intergovernmental Organization
 29 member states
 4 key areas:
Electoral processes
Constitution building
Political parties
Democracy and development

3. Electoral Processes
Electoral processes @ IDEA
Areas of expertise
Elections and technology
 Media and elections
 Electoral system design
 Electoral management design
 Direct democracy
 Voting from abroad
 Electoral justice
 Electoral legal frameworks
 Voter turnout
 Elections and conflict

4. Electoral Processes
Provide guidance and good practices for the
introduction and maintenance of new
technologies. Focus on:
Transparency
Credibility
Sustainability
Elections Tech @ IDEA
Focus

5. Electoral Processes
Development of comparative
knowledge resources
Engaging in policy and reform
discussions
Elections Tech @ IDEA
How?

6. Electoral Processes
Elections Tech @ IDEA
Types of resources
 Publications: guides, handbooks policy
papers
 Global database on the use of ICTs in
Elections
 Training course
 Online network

7. Electoral Processes
Publications on ICTs & Elections

8. Electoral Processes
Selected Issues: EMD
Electoral cycles and ICT innovation cycles

9. Electoral Processes
Selected Issues: E-voting

10. Electoral Processes
The Use of
Open Source Technology
in Elections
(2014)
Certification of ICTs in Elections
(2015)

11. Electoral Processes
Key electoral tasks conducted
electronically
 Verify voter eligibility
 Interpretation of ballots
 Vote casting, counting
 Result tabulation and transmission

12. Electoral Processes
Many advantages:
reduction of mistakes and fraud
faster results
convenience for voters
Key electoral tasks electronic

13. Electoral Processes
But: as one cannot “see, touch, or feel
bits and bytes” and such tasks cannot
be directly observed
Key electoral tasks electronic

14. Electoral Processes
Questions
• What can be done to ensure all stakeholdes that
technology delivers the required functionalities?
- is secure
- is accurate
- does not disenfranchise voters
- protects the secrecy of the vote
- protects data privacy
- correctly implements legal requirements
• How can trust and transparency be established?

15. Electoral Processes
The Use of Open Source
Technology in Elections
Source Code:
instructions executed by an ICT
system in a human readable format
Open Source Technology:
based on source codes that can be
freely viewed, used, shared, modified

16. Electoral Processes
Open Source and Elections
Many potential benefits
 Transparency, accountability
 Local ownership and capacity
 Maintainability and sustainability
Recurring demand, especially where need for
transparency is high.
But: few available systems and implementations

17. Electoral Processes
Global Survey of EMBs
Data from 106 countries

18. Electoral Processes
Reasons for limited use:
Supply
 fragmented market, no global election OST
community
 vendors prefer current, ”closed source”
business models, have few incentives to
change
 worry about intellectual property

19. Electoral Processes
Reasons for limited use:
Demand
 more from civil society than from EMBs
 limited awareness, common misconsceptions
(’insecure’, ’immature’, unprofessional’)
 lack of successful examples
 OST considered a technical detail

20. Electoral Processes
Certification of ICTs in Elections
“a systematic process carried out
by an accredited body to evaluate
whether
a given election technology
satisfies previously established
standards and/or legal
requirements.”

21. Electoral Processes
Why Certification of
ICTs?
 Quality Assurance
 Establish trust through an external actor
 Enhance citizen confidence and election integrity
 Ensure technology delivers the required functionality
 Get confirmation of technology reliability and security
 Demonstrate compliance with ”best international
practice”
 Legal requirement

22. Electoral Processes
Elections as a Special
Case
In other sectors certification is common and builds on
Well-defined technical standards
Establised standardization bodies to set those
standards
Certification bodies
Long, flexible timeframes for standard setting and
certification

23. Electoral Processes
Practice Varies Greatly
between EMBs
 What gets certified?

24. Electoral Processes
Practice Varies Greatly
between EMBs
 What gets certified?
 Who establishes the standards?

25. Electoral Processes
Practice Varies Greatly
between EMBs
 What gets certified?
 Who establishes the standards?
 How are standards and requirements derived?

26. Electoral Processes
Practice Varies Greatly
between EMBs
 What gets certified?
 Who establishes the standards?
 How are standards and requirements derived?
 Who certifies, who is an ’independet third party’?

27. Electoral Processes
Practice Varies Greatly
between EMBs
 What gets certified?
 Who establishes the standards?
 How are standards and requirements derived?
 Who certifies, who is an ’independet third party’?
 Different models: certification, review or expert opinions

28. Electoral Processes
Practice Varies Greatly
between EMBs
 What gets certified?
 Who establishes the standards?
 How are standards and requirements derived?
 Who certifies, who is an ’independet third party’?
 Different models: certification, review or expert opinions
 Transparency of the certification process

29. Electoral Processes
Biometrics (forthcoming)
Global trend towards biometrics in elections
Voter registration and verification in polling stations
Needs and expectations
Shortcomings and limitations
Sustainability and synergies

30. Electoral Processes
ICT Database
Related to publications
Global comparative data
Continuously updated
5 topics
31 questions

31. Electoral Processes
Increasing use of election ICTs
 60% of EMBs use tabulation technologies

32. Electoral Processes
Increasing use of election ICTs
 60% of EMBs use tabulation technologies
 55% of EMBs use voter registration technologies

33. Electoral Processes
Increasing use of election ICTs
 60% of EMBs use tabulation technologies
 55% of EMBs use voter registration technologies
 35% of use biometrics for voter registeration

34. Electoral Processes
Increasing use of election ICTs
 60% of EMBs use tabulation technologies
 55% of EMBs use voter registration technologies
 35% of use biometrics for voter registeration
 25% of EMBs use biometrics for voter verification

35. Electoral Processes
Increasing use of election ICTs
 60% of EMBs use tabulation technologies
 55% of EMBs use voter registration technologies
 35% of use biometrics for voter registeration
 25% of EMBs use biometrics for voter verification
 20% of EMBs use electronic voting systems

36. Electoral Processes
Training: MEPA – Tech Module
http://www.mepa.dirpolis.sssup.it

37. Electoral Processes
ACE: Online Community, Q&A
http://aceproject.org

38. Electoral Processes
THANK YOU!