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Who, Where, and
Why?
• Primary:
• What are the ethical complications of creating a
historicalartificial intelligence model?
• Secondary:
• How is the model's purposeimpacted by
academic, institutional, and commercial use?
• Target:
• Museumspaces
• The general public
• Why artificial intelligence?
• Price-point
• Availability
• Ease of implementation & design
Cassius Dio
• Roman historian & senator
• Born in Greece
• 165AD to approximately 235 AD
• Why him?
• Extensive bibliography: 80 books
on Roman history
• Public exclusivity
• Specific language choice
• Relationship with Septimius
Severus & Caracalla
"Antoninus [Caracalla] belonged to three races;
and he possessed none of their virtues at all, but
combined in himself all their vices; the fickleness,
cowardice, and recklessness of Gaul were his, the
harshness and cruelty of Africa, and the craftiness
of Syria, whence he was sprung on his mother's
side."
"In everything he was very hot-headed and very
fickle, and he furthermore possessed the
craftiness of his mother and the Syrians, to which
race she belonged."
Othering in
Antiquity
• Gender
• Religion
• Nationality
Cassius Dio & the Alt-Right
ChatGPT: State of
the Art
Existing
• Artificial Intelligence & Art Theory:
Category Collapse
• March 2, 2023
• Nasher Museum
• September 9, 2023
• Boston Dynamics: Robot Dog
Personalities
• October 25, 2023
In Progress
• ChatGPT & Ancient Texts
• April 11, 2023
• Historical Artificial Intelligence Models
• October 1, 2023
ChatGPT: Reinforcement Learning from Human
Feedback
Limitations
• Rephrasing provides
different answers
• Guesses intention
• Incorrect answers
instead of clarifying
questions
• Repetitivephrasing
• Refuses:
• Inappropriate
requests
• ModerationAPI
blocks unsafe
content
ChatGPT Influence
How long?
Price impact
Current Version (Bare Minimum Functionality):
• ≈40 hours creating & editing model
• ≈ 10 hours data cleaning for a result of 829 pages
• Researchtime not included
• Average Museum Researcher salary is $19 x hours = $950
• Freelancer: $24 x hours = $1200
Additional Help
• Museum environment: Datachecker from museum staff
OR the artificial intelligence checker needs to be fluent in
the history they’re representing
• Include meeting time in hours worked
Data Cleaning
Instruction Phrases
Results:
• Accuracy:
• Referencing ChatGPT texts
• Goes broad, not deep
• Difficult to keep in character
• Personality implementation
• Topics of interest:
1. Personal 54
2. Historical 41
3. Contextual 31
4. Political opinion 21
5. Error Driven 12
6. Mythological 7
7. Contemporary/Aesthetic/Joke 3
8. Commentary 1
Questions
Aesthetic Commentary Contemporary Contextual
Error Driven Historical Joke Mythological
Political Opinion Personal
Conversation Topics: Roman History
Conversation Topics: Politics
Conversation Topics: Mythology & Religious
Conversation Topics: Error Driven
Conversation Topics: Silliness
Conversation Topics: Personal Opinion
Example of Potentially Problematic Behavior
Training Data
Training Data
Questions
Questions
Answers
Answers
Conclusion & Future
Plans
• Educational
• Better as a learning process than an
application
• Ethics
• Black box of data
• Time period consistency
• Consent
• Licensing issues: images, writing, etc.
• Future
• More interactive
• Personality integration
• Physical/vocal design
• Most people preferred the British accent
Results
1 2 3
1
2 3

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Historical AI Conversation Topics

  • 1.
  • 2. Who, Where, and Why? • Primary: • What are the ethical complications of creating a historicalartificial intelligence model? • Secondary: • How is the model's purposeimpacted by academic, institutional, and commercial use? • Target: • Museumspaces • The general public • Why artificial intelligence? • Price-point • Availability • Ease of implementation & design
  • 3. Cassius Dio • Roman historian & senator • Born in Greece • 165AD to approximately 235 AD • Why him? • Extensive bibliography: 80 books on Roman history • Public exclusivity • Specific language choice • Relationship with Septimius Severus & Caracalla
  • 4. "Antoninus [Caracalla] belonged to three races; and he possessed none of their virtues at all, but combined in himself all their vices; the fickleness, cowardice, and recklessness of Gaul were his, the harshness and cruelty of Africa, and the craftiness of Syria, whence he was sprung on his mother's side." "In everything he was very hot-headed and very fickle, and he furthermore possessed the craftiness of his mother and the Syrians, to which race she belonged."
  • 5. Othering in Antiquity • Gender • Religion • Nationality
  • 6. Cassius Dio & the Alt-Right
  • 7. ChatGPT: State of the Art Existing • Artificial Intelligence & Art Theory: Category Collapse • March 2, 2023 • Nasher Museum • September 9, 2023 • Boston Dynamics: Robot Dog Personalities • October 25, 2023 In Progress • ChatGPT & Ancient Texts • April 11, 2023 • Historical Artificial Intelligence Models • October 1, 2023
  • 8. ChatGPT: Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback Limitations • Rephrasing provides different answers • Guesses intention • Incorrect answers instead of clarifying questions • Repetitivephrasing • Refuses: • Inappropriate requests • ModerationAPI blocks unsafe content
  • 10. How long? Price impact Current Version (Bare Minimum Functionality): • ≈40 hours creating & editing model • ≈ 10 hours data cleaning for a result of 829 pages • Researchtime not included • Average Museum Researcher salary is $19 x hours = $950 • Freelancer: $24 x hours = $1200 Additional Help • Museum environment: Datachecker from museum staff OR the artificial intelligence checker needs to be fluent in the history they’re representing • Include meeting time in hours worked
  • 12.
  • 14. Results: • Accuracy: • Referencing ChatGPT texts • Goes broad, not deep • Difficult to keep in character • Personality implementation • Topics of interest: 1. Personal 54 2. Historical 41 3. Contextual 31 4. Political opinion 21 5. Error Driven 12 6. Mythological 7 7. Contemporary/Aesthetic/Joke 3 8. Commentary 1 Questions Aesthetic Commentary Contemporary Contextual Error Driven Historical Joke Mythological Political Opinion Personal
  • 21. Example of Potentially Problematic Behavior
  • 28. Conclusion & Future Plans • Educational • Better as a learning process than an application • Ethics • Black box of data • Time period consistency • Consent • Licensing issues: images, writing, etc. • Future • More interactive • Personality integration • Physical/vocal design • Most people preferred the British accent Results 1 2 3 1 2 3