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1 of 21
… is the average
lifespan a newborn
can expect
… is short when
child deaths
are common
20 000 $2000 $200 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Lifeexpectancy(years)
1000
100
1
Population
(millions)
50 years
Burundi
81 years
Sweden
20 000 $2000 $200 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Lifeexpectancy(years)
1000
100
1
Population
(millions)
50 years
Burundi
20 000 $2000 $200 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Age(years)Lifeexpectancy(years)
50 years
1000
100
1
Population
(millions)
Burundi
20 000 $2000 $200 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Age(years)Lifeexpectancy(years)
50 years
1000
100
1
Population
(millions)
Burundi
Look at the expected
life of five newborn
Burundians…
100
80
60
40
20
0
Age(years)
SarahAnnJeanLizPierre
…if conditions remain as in
Burundi in 2007
during their whole lifetime?
How long will
they live…
100
80
60
40
20
0
Age(years)
SarahAnnJeanLizPierre
84
72
57
36
1
100
80
60
40
20
0
Age(years)
SarahAnnJeanLizPierre
84
72
57
36
1
child
adult
old
So yes, 2 of 5
get old in Burundi
100
80
60
40
20
0
Age(years)
SarahAnnJeanLizPierre
84
72
57
36
1
This is the Life
Expectancy
50 years
Calculate the mean…
1+36+57+72+84
5
= 50
20 000 $2000 $200 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Lifeexpectancy(years)
84
72
57
36
1
Burundi
1000
100
1
Population
(millions)
50 years
81 years
Sweden
31 years
20 000 $2000 $200 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Lifeexpectancy(years)
1000
100
1
Population
(millions)
81 years
Sweden
20 000 $2000 $200 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Lifeexpectancy(years)
1000
100
1
Population
(millions)
81 years
Look at the expected
life of five newborn
Swedes…
Sweden
Age(years)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Age(years)
SaraAntonJanLisaPer
How long will
they live…
…if conditions remain as in
Sweden in 2007
during their whole lifetime?
100
80
60
40
20
0
93Age(years)
SaraAntonJanLisaPer
63
77
84 88
1 adult
4 old
100
80
60
40
20
0
93Age(years)
SaraAntonJanLisaPer
63
77
84 88
63+77+84+88+93
5
=81
81 years
Calculate the mean…
100
80
60
40
20
0
1000
100
1
Population
(millions)
Lifeexpectancy(years)
Sweden
81 years
20 000 $2000 $200 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
Let’s compare
20 000 $2000 $200 $
Income per person (comparable dollars per year)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Lifeexpectancy(years)
1000
100
1
Population
(millions)
81 years
Sweden
50 years
Burundi
100
80
60
40
20
0
Age(years)
81
50
100
80
60
40
20
0
Age(years)
But “dying young” in Sweden
is very different
from “dying young” in Burundi
So, no,
all Burundians do not live 31
years shorter than Swedes
“To live long” in Sweden
is almost the same as
“to live long” in Burundi
… is an average
… is low when child-
deaths are common
-Most Burundians get older than 50
-Some die in childhood
-It is low in Burundi
not because all die a bit earlier
-But because
some die much younger

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