Science, behind social revolutions: what’s next? Quantum technology, by Javier Prior (UPCT)
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Lecture. MedSouk 2013 University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum By Javier Prior (UPCT)
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Science, behind social revolutions: what’s next? Quantum technology, by Javier Prior (UPCT)
- 1. Science, behind social revolutions: what’s next? Quantum technology Javier Prior Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Quantum Many Body Systems’s group
- 2. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Brief history of Humanity
- 3. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Thermodynamics Sadi Carnot 1796/1832 James Joule 1818/1889 James Watt 1736/1819
- 4. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Industrial revolution Robert E. Lucas, Nobel Prize winner in economics science, "For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior is mentioned by the classical economists, even as a theoretical possibility.”
- 5. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Industrial revolution Robert E. Lucas, Nobel Prize winner in economics science, "For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior is mentioned by the classical economists, even as a theoretical possibility.”
- 6. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Industrial revolution Robert E. Lucas, Nobel Prize winner in economics science, "For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior is mentioned by the classical economists, even as a theoretical possibility.”
- 7. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Industrial revolution Robert E. Lucas, Nobel Prize winner in economics science, "For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior is mentioned by the classical economists, even as a theoretical possibility.”
- 8. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Industrial revolution Robert E. Lucas, Nobel Prize winner in economics science, "For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior is mentioned by the classical economists, even as a theoretical possibility.”
- 9. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Thermodynamics Nicolas Otto 1832/1891 Rudolf Diesel 1858/1913
- 10. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 German car industry Nicolas Otto 1832/1891 Rudolf Diesel 1858/1913
- 11. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 German car industry Nicolas Otto 1832/1891 Rudolf Diesel 1858/1913
- 12. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Electromagnetism Michael Faraday 1791/1867 James Maxwell 1831/1879 Thomas Edison 1847/1931
- 13. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 XX century revolution
- 14. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 XX century revolution
- 15. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 XX century revolution
- 16. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 XX century revolution
- 17. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 XX century revolution
- 18. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 XX century revolution
- 19. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Quantum physics Max Planck 1858/1947 Erwin Schrodinger Richard Feynman 1887/1961 1918/1988
- 20. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Exponential Growth in Technology Space/Time Measurement precision Communication capacity Computational power Energy efficiency 1.6% p.a. on average at the world level between 1990 and 2006
- 21. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Measurement of time gains in precision exponentially
- 22. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Measurement of time gains in precision exponentially Essen & Parry @ National Physical Laboratory 1955
- 23. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Measurement of time gains in precision exponentially Essen & Parry @ National Physical Laboratory 1955
- 24. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Measurement of time gains in precision exponentially Essen & Parry @ National Physical Laboratory 1955
- 25. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Measurement of time gains in precision exponentially Essen & Parry @ National Physical Laboratory 1955
- 26. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Computer grow faster exponentially
- 27. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Computer grow faster exponentially Kelvin’s tide predictor 1872
- 28. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Computer grow faster exponentially Z3 Zuse 1941 Kelvin’s tide predictor 1872
- 29. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Computer grow faster exponentially Wilkes EDSAC 1949 Z3 Zuse 1941 Kelvin’s tide predictor 1872
- 30. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Computer grow faster exponentially Wilkes EDSAC 1949 Z3 Zuse 1941 Commodore 64 Kelvin’s tide predictor 1872
- 31. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Computer grow faster exponentially Wilkes EDSAC 1949 Z3 Zuse 1941 Commodore 64 Kelvin’s tide predictor 1872
- 32. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Components grow smaller exponentially cm Quantum Noise mm Quantum technology nm A
- 33. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Components grow smaller exponentially
- 34. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Secret Communication
- 35. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Secret Communication ? miles away KEY 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 KEY 0 0 1 0 1 How to establish key that only Alice and Bob know ? 1 0
- 36. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Secret Communication
- 37. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Secret Communication Quantum World: Charles’s measurement of quantum signal causes perturbation and can be detected.
- 38. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Secret Communication Zeilinger Space Quest Gisin
- 39. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality High intensity: Intensity Time
- 40. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality High intensity: Intensity Time
- 41. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality High intensity: Intensity Time
- 42. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality High intensity: Intensity Time
- 43. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality Low intensity: Clicks Time Light comes in little portions Photons
- 44. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality Clicks Time Clicks Time
- 45. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality Clicks ? Time Clicks Time
- 46. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality Clicks Time Clicks Photons can be in superposition Interference Time
- 47. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality
- 48. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality Clicks Time Clicks Time
- 49. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Wave-particle duality Take home messages: When evolving freely quantum systems exhibit wave character When measured quantum systems exhibit particle character Measurements that acquire information, inevitably destroy coherence and perturb the quantum systems.
- 50. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Hierachies in Biology: From classical to quantum world 10 -1 Can quantum coherence be relevant for biological function? Typical time scale [s] 10 -2 Tools 10 -3 10 -4 Function 10 -6 10 -8 ? 10 -12 Quantum Classical 10 -14 10 -11 10 -10 10 -9 10 -8 10 -6 10 -5 Typical spatial scale [m] 10 -4 10 -2 © Vaziri Requires tools for studying biological structure and function at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution
- 51. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Hierachies in Biology: From classical to quantum world 10 -1 Can quantum coherence be relevant for biological function? Typical time scale [s] 10 -2 Tools 10 -3 10 -4 Function 10 -6 10 -8 ? 10 -12 Quantum Classical 10 -14 10 -11 10 -10 10 -9 10 -8 10 -6 10 -5 Typical spatial scale [m] 10 -4 10 -2 © Vaziri Requires tools for studying biological structure and function at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution
- 52. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Photosynthesis
- 53. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Photosynthesis
- 54. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Photosynthesis
- 55. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Photosynthesis
- 56. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Photosynthesis
- 57. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Photosynthesis
- 58. Fenna-Matthews-Olsen complex Exciton Chlorosome BChl a FMO Exciton transport 1 6 5 2 7 4 3 Water soluble Crystal structure Charge separation Electrons for chemistry Transport time ~ 5-6 ps RC
- 59. Fenna-Matthews-Olsen complex Exciton BChl a FMO Antenna Photon Exciton 1 6 5 Chromophore (pigment) 2 7 4 3 eReaction centre PigmentProtein complex Water soluble Crystal structure Transport time ~ 5-6 ps RC
- 60. Long-lasting coherences in FMO Inter-exciton coherence times > 1.8 ps (77K) 0.6 ps (277K) Ground-exciton coherence times < 150 fs How are inter-exciton coherences protected? Room temperature coherences Higher plants (LHCII) Calhoun et al. J. Phys. Chem. B, 113 (51), 2009 Marine algae Collini et al. Nature 463, 644-647 2010 Panitchayangkoon et al. PNAS 107:29 (2010)
- 61. Long-lasting coherences in FMO Inter-exciton coherence times > 1.8 ps (77K) 0.6 ps (277K) Ground-exciton coherence times < 150 fs How are inter-exciton coherences protected? Room temperature coherences Higher plants (LHCII) Calhoun et al. J. Phys. Chem. B, 113 (51), 2009 Marine algae Collini et al. Nature 463, 644-647 2010 Panitchayangkoon et al. PNAS 107:29 (2010)
- 62. Long-lasting coherences in FMO Inter-exciton coherence times > 1.8 ps (77K) 0.6 ps (277K) Ground-exciton coherence times < 150 fs How are inter-exciton coherences protected? Room temperature coherences Higher plants (LHCII) Calhoun et al. J. Phys. Chem. B, 113 (51), 2009 Marine algae Collini et al. Nature 463, 644-647 2010 Panitchayangkoon et al. PNAS 107:29 (2010)
- 66. Long-lasting coherences in FMO Inter-exciton coherence times > 1.8 ps (77K) 0.6 ps (277K) Ground-exciton coherence times < 150 fs How are inter-exciton coherences protected? Javier Prior, Alex Chin, et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 050404, (2010). Alex Chin, Javier Prior, et al. Nature Physics 9, 113 (2013).
- 67. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Conclusions Can we improve solar cells based on this idea ? More generally: Adding the right kind of noise, to the right kind of nano-structure can improve its performance.
- 68. MURCIA, 24th Oct 2013 Thanks Javier Prior Funded by: Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Quantum Many Body Systems’s group