The Frenkel exercises were developed by Swiss neurologist Heinrich Frenkel in 1887 after observing a patient with ataxia improve coordination through practice. The exercises involve slow, repetitive movements that increase in difficulty over time to improve coordination. They require the patient to watch and correct their own movements. The Frenkel exercises are defined as a gradual, progressive series of exercises designed to increase coordination.

1. CLINICAL KINESIOLOGY
FRENKEL EXCERCISES
BY AREEBAAZHAR
The exercises were developed by Heinrich Frenkel, a Swiss neurologist who, one
day in 1887, while examining a patient with ataxia, observed the patient's poor
performance of the finger-to-nose test.
The patient asked Dr Frenkel about the test and was told what it meant and that he did
not 'pass' the test. Several months later, on re-examination, the patient showed
extraordinary improvement in coordination.
Frenkel was astonished by the improvement. He had never seen such an improvement
before, which was contradictory to the teaching of the day.
When Frenkel asked the patient what had happened in the interval, the patient replied,
'I wanted to pass the test and so I practiced.' This event inspired Frenkel to a general
assumption: 'If one patient can reduce his ataxia by practice, why not all? Or at least
others?' He immediately started to study the problem in a practical manner.
They are a system of slow repetitious exercises. They increase in difficulty over the
time of the program.The patient watches his hand or arm movements (for example)
and corrects them as needed.
IT IS DEFINED AS “A SERIES OF GRADUAL PROGRESSIVE
EXERCISES DESIGNED TO INCREASE COORDINATION.”
EXAMPLES:
 FRENKEL EXERCISES FOR LOWER LIMB IN LYING:

2. 

4. FRENKEL EXERCISES FOR LOWER LIMB IN SITTING:
First select a Starting position,

6. FRENKEL EXERCISES FOR LOWERLIMB IN STANDING:
First select an appropriate Starting position:

8. FRENKEL EXERCISES FOR UPPER EXTREMITIES: