If ideas of “Vancouverism” framed city building in Vancouver between 1986 to the present, what might be some of the new ideas on urban life that will lead us into Vancouver’s second century? As a total sum of its physical environment, institutions, and peoples, Vancouver is a child of the 20th Century and a deeper history of colonialism. Under its current boundaries, the City of Vancouver did not exist until 1928. Most of what residents and visitors regard as contemporary Vancouver was only developed after the Second World War. Now, in the second decade of the 21st Century, this presentation looks at various aspects of life in Vancouver through the lens of social statistics and community cartographies. From real estate ownership to electoral participation to school enrollment, it looks at the social, economic, and political opportunities and challenges facing the City and its region as it moves from a British colonial transit point to a Pacific metropolis. If ideas of “Vancouverism” framed City building in Vancouver between 1986 to the present, what might be some of the new ideas on urban life that will lead us into Vancouver’s second century?

1. Selected Slides from
Vancouver in the 21st Century
Simon Fraser University – Woodward’s
Andy Yan
September 2014
Vancouver’s Original Coat of Arms
Source: John Mackie, Vancouver Sun

2. Atlantic Legacies
Vancouver

3. Vancouver
Pacific Realities

4. Vancouver
A Global Destiny

5. Vancouver in Context
Metro Vancouver 1111 sq miles
City of Vancouver 44 sq miles
Downtown Vancouver 2 sq miles
Downtown Vancouver
Area: 5 Sq Km / Pop: 99,230
Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

6. Vancouver in Context
Non-Downtown Vancouver
99 Sq Km (96%) /
Pop: 504,270 (84%)
Downtown Vancouver
Area: 4% of CoV /
Pop: 16%
Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

7. Vancouver in Context
Downtown Vancouver
The Region Outside
the City of Vancouver
City of Vancouver
Regional Area: .2% Pop: 4%
Regional Area: 93.6% Pop: 70%
Regional Area: 4% Pop: 26%
Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

8. “Charter Professionals” of the City of Vancouver circa 1886
Population of Vancouver: 1000 residents
Saloons: 19
Hotels: 10
Tailors: 3
Boot and Shoe Makers: 4
“Medical Profession”: 4
Barristers: 5
Architects and Civil Engineers: 6 (2 Architects/4 Engineers)
Real Estate: 16
Daily News, 1887, City of Vancouver - Terminus of the CPR::
British Columbia Handbook, VPL

9. Advertisements in Vancouver’s First City Directory
Daily News, 1887, City of Vancouver - Terminus of the CPR::
British Columbia Handbook, VPL

10. Daily News, 1887, City of Vancouver
- Terminus of the CPR:: British
Columbia Handbook, VPL

11. Vancouver: London of the Pacific
via
Vancouver
via Suez
Canal
Days
Saved
Liverpool
to
Melbourne 34 44 10
Liverpool
to Hong
Kong 29 33 4
Liverpool
to
Yokohoma 23 35 12
Daily News, 1887, City of Vancouver - Terminus of the CPR:
British Columbia Handbook, VPL
+
Mail Depot to Empire
Daily News, 1887, City of Vancouver - Terminus of the CPR:
British Columbia Handbook, VPL

12. Source: Vancouver Economic Commission, 2011

13. Canadians Abroad
Source: Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada, 2011

14. 35%
43% 43%
56%
60%
39%
45%
48%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
City of
Vancouver
City of
Calgary
City of
Toronto
City of
Ottawa
Ville de
Montreal
City of
Seattle
City of Los
Angeles
City of New
York
A City from All Over
Residents Born within the Residing Province or State
Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 NHS;
US Census, 2011 American Community Survey

15. Foreign Ownership in Real Estate
There is no direct
measurement of
citizenship & property
ownership in the
Province of BC.

16. How many units were Owner Occupied vs Non-Owner Occupied?
– BC Assessment Measures
Non-Owner Occupied
52-61%
Owner Occupied
39-48%
Data Differences between
BC Assessment and
Home Owners Grant
n=2,186
Data Source: 2008 BC Assessment and BC Home Owners Grant Database

17. How many Single Family Homes were Owner Occupied vs Investor
Owned? – BC Assessment Measures
Owner Occupied
85%
n=164,741
Data Source: 2008 BC Assessment
85% - Owner Occupied
15% -
Investor
Owned

21. 2009-2014 Single Family Homes Values in the City of Vancouver:
Leading from the Top
31.8%
30.4%
44.4%
48.7% 48.8% 48.7%
40.3%
35.9%
26.1%
Under $500K $500K-$1M $1M-$2M $2M-$3M $3M-$4M $4M-$5M $5M plus Total Average S&P 500 Index TSX Index
-16.4%
Average Single Family Dwelling Total Assessment Increase by Percentage in the
City of Vancouver By 2009 Total Assessment Value (Inflation Adjusted)
2009 Total Assessment
Source: 2009-2014 BC Assessment
City of Vancouver Open Data

22. 20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
Instruments of Mass Construction
Population Growth in the City of Vancouver and Average 5-Year Residential Mortgage
Rate, 1951 to 2013
700,000
600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
-
Population
Average 5-Year Residential Mortgage Rate
2 per. Mov. Avg. (Population)
1951
1953
1955
1957
1959
1961
1963
1965
1967
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
Source: Bank of Canada and Statistics Canada

23. A City of Renters
61%
Owner Renter
47% 45%
41% 44%
49%
39%
53% 55%
59% 56%
51%
1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011*
Source: Statistics Canada
1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, and 2001 Census
2011 National Household Survey

24. Affordability: One Aspect of Security of Tenure
% of tenant households spending 30% or more on rent
46%
44%
42%
40% 40%
39%
38%
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Vancouver Toronto Edmonton National
Average
Montreal Calgary Winnipeg
Source: Statistics Canada
2011 National Household Survey

25. Affordability: One Aspect of Security of Tenure
% of Homeowners Households spending 30% or more on Mortgage
29%
% of owner households spending 30% or more
28%
19% 19%
24%
20%
14%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Vancouver Toronto Edmonton National Average Montreal Calgary Winnipeg
Source: Statistics Canada
2011 National Household Survey

26. Median Household Incomes for Metro Vancouver and Selected
American and Canadian Cities, 2011
$90,000
$80,000
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$-
Median Household Incomes in CDN$
Metropolitan Area
Calgary
Edmonton
Vancouver
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 NHS
and US Census, 2011 American Community Survey (5 yr)

27. Average and Median Household Incomes in the City of Vancouver
Average Household Income Median Household Income
All incomes have been inflation indexed to the 2006 Census
Data Source: 1981, 1986,1991, 2001, and 2006 Canadian Censuses
$80,000
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$-
1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006

28. Education in Metro Vancouver, 2011
A Pretty Smart Region
8%
23%
9%
19%
7%
34%
13%
23%
12%
21%
5%
26%
No certificate; diploma or
degree
High school diploma or
equivalent
Apprenticeship or
trades certificate or
diploma
College; CEGEP or other
non-university certificate
or diploma
University certificate or
diploma below bachelor
level
University certificate;
diploma or degree at
bachelor level or above
Metro Vancouver Canada
Source: Statistics Canada,
2011 National Household Survey

29. Median Total Incomes for 25-55 Year Olds with Bachelor Degrees for
Canada’s 10 Largest Metropolitan Areas, 2011
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey
$62,202
$60,091
$54,391 $53,905
$52,229
$50,456
$49,308
$48,142 $47,276
$50,981
$41,981
$80,000
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$-
Ottawa Calgary Waterloo Hamilton Quebec Edmonton Toronto Winnipeg Montreal Canada Vancouver

30. Median Total Incomes for 25-55 year olds with University certificate, diploma or degree
above bachelor level Degrees for Canada’s 10 Largest Metropolitan Areas, 2011
$71,430
$62,870 $62,280 $61,253
$58,544
$56,964 $56,503
$52,607
$50,009
$57,516
$49,088
$80,000
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$-
Ottawa Calgary Hamilton Edmonton Quebec Winnipeg Waterloo Toronto Montreal Canada Vancouver
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey

31. Median Total Incomes for 25-55 Year Olds with Apprenticeship, Trades Certificate or
Diploma Degrees for Canada’s 10 Largest Metropolitan Areas, 2011
$49,888 $49,385
$41,963
$39,176 $38,900 $38,871 $38,022
$35,999
$34,432 $33,896
$37,403
$80,000
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$-
Edmonton Calgary Waterloo Hamilton Vancouver Ottawa Winnipeg Quebec Toronto Montreal Canada
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey

32. Top 5 Industries in the City of Vancouver
N = 342 095
Source: 2011 National Household Survey
Professional;
Scientific and
Technical
Services
13%
Health Care
and Social
Assistance
11%
Accommodatio
n and Food
Services
10%
Retail Trade
9%
Educational
Services
8%
All Other
49%

33. 1-4 Employees
5-9 60.8%
18.1%
Data Source: Canadian Business Patterns, 2011
10-19
10.6%
20-49
6.7%
50-99
2.1%
100-199
0.9%
200-499
0.4% 500 +
0.2%
Sizes of Firms in Metro Vancouver, 2011

34. Median Household Incomes and Median Housing Values in
Selected Canadian and US Metropolitan Areas, 2011
Washington, DC
Calgary
Edmonton
Ottawa
Anchorage Regina San Francisco Toronto
Boston Honolulu
Halifax Seattle New York, NY Vancouver
Denver San Diego
Los Angeles
Las Vegas Portland
Detroit
New Orleans
$90,000
$80,000
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$-
$- $100,000 $200,000 $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 $600,000 $700,000
Median Household
Incomes
(in 2011 CDN $)
Median Value of Dwellings (in 2011 CDN $)
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 NHS
and US Census, 2011 American Community Survey (5 yr)

35. Median Household Incomes and Median Housing Values in
Selected Canadian and US Metropolitan Areas, 1990
Ottawa
Washington, DC
Anchorage Calgary
Vancouver Toronto
Halifax Boston San Francisco Honolulu
Regina
Edmonton
Seattle
Detroit San Diego Los Angeles
Denver
Portland New York Las Vegas
New Orleans
$90,000
$80,000
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$-
$- $100,000 $200,000 $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 $600,000 $700,000
Median Household
Income
(in 2011 CDN $)
Median Value of Dwellings (in 2011 CDN $)
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 1991 Census
and US Census, 1990 Census

36. Median Household Incomes and Median Rents in the 12 Largest
Canadian Metropolitan Areas, 2011
Calgary
Edmonton
Regina Toronto
Halifax Vancouver
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 NHS
Waterloo
Ottawa
Hamilton
Montreal
Quebec City
Winnipeg
$90,000
$80,000
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$-
$600 $700 $800 $900 $1,000 $1,100 $1,200
Median Household
Incomes
Median Monthly Shelter Costs for Rented Dwellings

37. Building from the Grassroots – The Sunset Community Centre
Source: Vancouver Archives

38. 50 Years Later…

39. City of Vancouver (1886)
South Vancouver
(1891-1929)
Point Grey
(1908-1929)

40. Source: UBC
Archives

41. Source: Vancouver Archives
A Legacy of the Commons
Our $4.2 Billion (2014) Inheritance

43. Measuring Civic Participation in the City of Vancouver
Source: BTAworks/Vancouver Sun

44. Global Non-Response
Rate for the 2011 National
Household Survey in the
City of Vancouver
Legend
% of Global Non-Response Rate
14% - 20%
20% - 25%
25% - 28%
28% - 32%
32% - 42.5%
27.1% -
City Wide Average
Data Source: City of Vancouver
Map by Andy Yan, BTAworks

45. The Emerging Democracy

46. Voter Turnout for Municipal Election in the City of Vancouver and
Selected Cities
34.5%
25.0%
23.7%
21.0%
53.4% 53.2%
39.4%
33.4%
38.6%
60.0%
50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
0.0%
Vancouver
(2011)
Surrey (2011) Richmond (2011) City of North
Vancouver(2011)
Calgary (2010) Toronto (2010) Montreal (2009) Edmonton (2010) Seattle (2009)
Source: Vancouver Open Data Catalogue

47. Voter Turnout for Municipal
Elections in Vancouver by
Percentage Turnout by Poll
2011
35% -
City Wide Average
Legend
Voter Turnout by Percentage
24.9 - 35.0
35.1 - 40.0
40.1 - 45.0
45.1 - 50.0
50.1 - 57.5
Data Source: City of Vancouver
Map by Andy Yan, BTAworks

48. Voter Turnout for Municipal
Elections in Vancouver by
Percentage Turnout by Poll
1999
35% -
City Wide Average
Legend
Voter Turnout by Percentage
24.9 - 35.0
35.1 - 40.0
40.1 - 45.0
45.1 - 50.0
50.1 - 57.5
Data Source: City of Vancouver
Map by Andy Yan, BTAworks

49. Voter Turnout for Municipal
Elections in Vancouver by
Number of Voters by Poll
2011
Legend
2011
Distribution of Voters
< -1.5 Std. Dev.
-1.5 - -0.50 Std. Dev.
-0.50 - 0.50 Std. Dev.
0.50 - 1.5 Std. Dev.
1.5 - 2.1 Std. Dev.
Data Source: City of Vancouver
Map by Andy Yan, BTAworks

50. Voter Turnout for Municipal
Elections in Vancouver by
Number of Voters by Poll
1999
Legend
1999
Distribution of Voters
< -2.5 Std. Dev.
-2.5 - -1.5 Std. Dev.
-1.5 - -0.50 Std. Dev.
-0.50 - 0.50 Std. Dev.
0.50 - 1.5 Std. Dev.
1.5 - 2.4 Std. Dev.
Data Source: City of Vancouver
Map by Andy Yan, BTAworks

51. 5 Fastest Growing Age Cohorts in
the City of Vancouver by %
1. 60 to 64 years (31% or 10,800)
2. 85 years and older (13% or 1,540)
3. 25 to 29 years (12% or 6,975)
4. 45 to 49 years (7% or 3,545)
5. 50 to 54 years (6% or 2,595)
55 to 59 years (6% or 2,325)
Who’s Living in the City of Vancouver? – 2006 to 2011
-390 / -1%
-1,205 / -5%
-1,420 / -6%
- 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000
85 years and over
80 to 84 years
75 to 79 years
70 to 74 years
65 to 69 years
60 to 64 years
55 to 59 years
50 to 54 years
45 to 49 years
40 to 44 years
35 to 39 years
30 to 34 years
25 to 29 years
20 to 24 years
15 to 19 years
10 to 14 years
5 to 9 years
0 to 4 years
2011 2006
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 and 2011 Census of Population

52. Aging in the City of Vancouver will not be gender neutral
80,000
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
-
Males Over 75 Females Over 75
77% more women
than men
39% more women
than men
25% more women
than men
12% more women
than men
1986 2013 2020 2030
Data Source: BC Statistics

53. Poorest Postal Codes in Canada
City
Postal
Code
(FSA)
Population In low income in
2010 based on after-tax low-income
measure
% of Population In low income in
2010 based on after-tax low-income
measure
Winnipeg R3B 5,665 53%
Montreal H3H 9,085 52%
Winnipeg R3A 2,150 52%
Montreal H2X 8,335 45%
Montreal N9C 4,935 45%
Montreal H3N 12,725 44%
Montreal H3A 1,715 44%
Vancouver V6A 5,965 43%
Vancouver V6T 4,855 42%
Montreal H3J 4,155 42%
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 NHS

54. Poorest Postal Codes in Canada – Senior’s Poverty
City
Postal
Code
(FSA)
Population In low income in
2010 based on after-tax low-income
measure
% of Population In low income in
2010 based on after-tax low-income
measure
Terrace V0V 160 60%
Vancouver V6A 5,965 58%
Montreal H2X 8,335 47%
Winnipeg R3B 5,665 46%
Rural
Moncton E9A 430 46%
Montreal H3K 5,090 45%
Vancouver V6B 5,270 44%
Rural
Moncton E9C 670 43%
Rural
Bathhust E8B 445 43%
Montreal H4C 5,330 42%
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 NHS

55. Distribution of Household Incomes in the City of Vancouver (2006)
50,000
45,000
40,000
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
-
Under
$10,000
$10,000 to
$19,999
$20,000 to
$29,999
$30,000 to
$39,999
$40,000 to
$49,999
$50,000 to
$59,999
$60,000 to
$69,999
$70,000 to
$79,999
$80,000 to
$89,999
$90,000 to
$99,999
$100,000
and over
Median Income
$47,299
Average Income
$68,271
Low Income Cut-off
$18,178 for a Single
$31,000 for a Family of Four
Data Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census

56. Image Source: City of Vancouver.
Fa1ls8ej 1C8re9e6k circa 1898

57. Image Source: City of Vancouver.
Shorelines Change in Vancouver

58. High Tide 2011
Data Source: City of Vancouver Open Data Catalogue.

59. +1 Meter Affected Area
(Severe Storm 2011)
Data Source: City of Vancouver Open Data Catalogue.

60. +2 Meter Affected Area
Data Source: City of Vancouver Open Data Catalogue.

61. +3 Meter Affected Area
Data Source: City of Vancouver Open Data Catalogue.

62. Sea Level Rise and Affected Land Use Area by Percentage of Total
Land Use Area
High Tide 2011
+1 Meter Affected Area
+2 Meter Affected Area
+3 Meter Affected Area
Data Source: City of Vancouver Open Data Catalogue.
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Commercial Comprehensive
Development
Historical Area Industrial Limited Agriculture Multiple Dwelling One-Family Dwelling Two-Family Dwelling Grand Total