MYANMAR BANKS COLLECTION

10/16/2017 Asia Green Development Bank - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Green_Development_Bank 1/2
Asia Green Development
Bank (AGD)
Native name အာ စိမ်းလန်းမ
ဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေးဘဏ်
Industry Financial
services
Founded July 2, 2010
Headquarters Yangon, Burma
Services Banking
Total assets 366 billion kyat
(US$366 million)
Website www.agdbank
.com (http://ww
w.agdbank.com)
Asia Green Development Bank
Asia Green Development Bank (Burmese: အာ စိမ်းလန်းမဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေးဘဏ် ; abbreviated AGD Bank) is a private
commercial bank in Burma (Myanmar).[1] It was one of 4 private banks to commence operations in August 2010, the
first new financial institutions in the country since the establishment of Innwa Bank in 1997.[2] Its head office is
situated at Yangon, Burma. The bank announced it would become a public company when Yangon Stock Exchange is
formed in 2015.[3] The bank was founded by Tay Za and the Htoo Group of Companies, whose 15% stake was sold to
new shareholders, the most prominent of whom is Kyaw Ne Win, the grandson of Ne Win, the country's former
dictator.[4]
The AGD Bank’s Head Office and first branch was successfully opened on August 6, 2010 in Nay Pyi Taw under the
organization of Htoo Group of Companies. At first, AGD bank is 100% owned and operated by “Htoo Group of
Companies” which is engaged in trading, energy and mining, construction, agriculture, hotel, travel and tourism
business. In February 18, 2013 with a new slogan “We, all Myanmar will develop together”, AGD bank was converted
to Public Company, shares capital stands at 30.0873 billion kyats of 601746 shares in the fiscal year.
AGD Bank has been 70 branches across the country until September 2017. With establish an International Banking
Department, authorized as Dealer and Money Changer Licenses 65 foreign exchange counters services to the general
public.
List of banks
List of banks in Burma
1. The Banker Database (http://www.thebankerdatabase.com/index.cfm/banks/all/?letter=A)
2. Cheesman, Nick; Monique Skidmore; Trevor Wilson (2012). Myanmar's Transition: Openings, Obstacles, and Opportunities. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
p. 147.
Brief Info
See also
References

10/16/2017 Asia Green Development Bank - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Green_Development_Bank 2/2
3. Aye Thidar Kyaw (28 January 2013). "Asia Green Development Bank planning to go public" (http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/business/3937-asia-green-dev
elopment-bank-planning-to-go-public.html). Myanmar Times. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
4. Aung Shin; Aye Thida Kyaw (21 July 2014). "Change in owners as U Tay Za said to exit AGD Bank" (http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/business/11073-chang
e-in-owners-as-u-tay-za-said-to-exit-agd-bank.html). Myanmar Times. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asia_Green_Development_Bank&oldid=802638051"
This page was last edited on 27 September 2017, at 13:48.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and
Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

10/16/2017 Asia Yangon Bank's Branches List | Central Bank of Myanmar
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၁. ရံုးခ်ဳပ္ဘဏ္ ခြဲ
အမွတ္ (၃၁၉/၃၂၁)၊ မဟာဗႏၶဳလလမ္း၊ ဗိုလ္ တေထာင္ၿမိဳ႔နယ္ ၊ ရန္ကုန္ၿမိဳ႕
၂. လယ္ ေဝးဘဏ္ ခဲြႀကီး
အမွတ္ (၅/၂၇၂)၊ အမွတ္ (၅)ရပ္ကြက္ ၊
ရန္ကုန္-မႏၱေလးလမ္းမႀကီး၊ လယ္ ေဝးၿမိဳ႕
၃. မႏၱေလးဘဏ္ ခဲြႀကီး
အမွတ္ (၄၃၈)၊(၈၃)လမ္း(၃၄လမ္းx၃၅လမ္း)ၾကား
(ေအာင္နန္းရိပ္သာအေနာက္ )၊ ခ်မ္းေအးသာစံၿမိဳ႕နယ္
၄. ဘုရင့္ေနာင္ဘဏ္ ခဲြႀကီး
အမွတ္ (က-၁၂၉)၊ ကံ့ ေကာ္ လမ္းနွင့္ခတၱာလမ္းေထာင့္၊
အမွတ္ (၁)ရပ္ကြက္ ၊ မရမ္းကုန္းၿမိဳ႕နယ္ ၊ (ဘုရင့္ေနာင္ပဲြရံုဝန္း)
၅. ေတာင္ငူဘဏ္ ခဲြႀကီး
အမွတ္ (၂၂၄)၊ (၇)လမ္း၊ (၁၆)ရပ္ကြက္ ၊ ေတာင္ငူၿမိဳ႕
၆. မံုရြာဘဏ္ ခဲြႀကီး
အမွတ္ (၆/၂၅)၊ ဗိုလ္ ခ်ဳပ္လမ္း၊ နယ္ ေျမ(၆)၊
ေအးသာယာရပ္ကြက္ ၊ မံုရြာၿမိဳ႕
၇. မေကြးဘဏ္ ခဲြႀကီး
အမွတ္ (၄၁၂)၊ျပည္ ေတာ္ သာလမ္း နွင့္သုခိတာလမ္းေထာင့္၊
ရန္မ်ိဳးေအာင္ရပ္ကြက္ ၊ မေကြးၿမိဳ႕
၈. ပုသိမ္ဘဏ္ ခဲြႀကီး
အမွတ္ (၂၃)၊ ကုန္သည္ လမ္းနွင့္ဥမၼာဒႏၱီလမ္းေထာင့္၊
ရကအ(၄) နယ္ ေျမ၊ ပုသိမ္ၿမိဳ႕
Search
Capital Market
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SEACEN
Foreign Exchange Regulation Act
Issuing Foreign Exchange Dealer
Licenses
Non-Bank Money Changers
Criteria for Offshore Loan
Monetary and Financial Cooperation
with ASEAN and ASEAN+3 Countries
Quarterly Financial Statistics Bulletin
Date : 16th Oct 2017
1362.0 / USD
More
Source : forex.cbm.gov.mm
Deposit Auction
Interest Rate(%)
Central Bank Rate 10% pa
Minimum Bank Deposit Rate 8%pa
Maximum Bank Lending
Rate
13%pa
Economic Indicators (%)
GDP Growth 5.90 %
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10/16/2017 Asia Yangon Bank's Branches List | Central Bank of Myanmar
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၉. ျပည္ ဘဏ္ ခဲြႀကီး
အမွတ္ (၂၁၃)၊ လမ္းရွည္ လမ္း၊ ေရႊကူရပ္ကြက္ ၊ ျပည္ ၿမိဳ႕
၁၀. မင္းဘူးဘဏ္ ခဲြႀကီး
အမွတ္ (၁၄၄၅)၊ မင္းဘူး-စကုလမ္းမႀကီး၊ တမာတန္းရပ္ကြက္ ၊
မင္းဘူးၿမိဳ႕
Latest News
Activities of Interbank Foreign Exchange Market for 16.10.2017
Auction Result for 16.10.2017
Auction Result for 13.10.2017
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Annual Rate of Inflation 4.91 %
Year on Year Inflation 2.30 %
Source : Ministry of Planning and
Finance
Interbank Market Rates
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10/16/2017 Ayeyarwady Bank - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayeyarwady_Bank 1/2
AYA Bank
AYA Bank
Native name ဧရာဝတီဘဏ်
Type Private
Founded 2010
Founder Zaw Zaw
Headquarters Yangon, Myanmar
Number of
locations
225 branches (August
2017)
Key people Zaw Zaw
(Group Chairman)
Myint Zaw (Managing
Director)
Products Financial services
Number of
employees
8300[1] (2017)
Website www.ayabank.com (htt
p://www.ayabank.co
m)
Ayeyarwady Bank
Ayeyarwady Bank Ltd. (Burmese: ဧရာဝတီဘဏ် ; AYA Bank) is a private bank in Myanmar. AYA Bank
was established on 2 July 2010 with the permission of the Central Bank of Myanmar. The AYA Bank's head
office is located in the Rowe Building Kyauktada Township of Yangon.
AYA Bank had 225 branches as of August 2017. Ayeyarwady Bank offers retail and commercial banking
products and services.
Ayeyarwady Bank received its banking license from the Central Bank of Myanmar on 2 July 2010 and began
operations on 11 August 2010. The bank is authorized to operate as an investment or development bank for
the domestic market and the approved banking activities include:
Borrowing or raising of money
Lending or advancing of money either secured or unsecured
Receiving securities or valuables for safe custody
Collecting and transmitting money and securities
Cash management system
Internet banking
Provision of international banking services including international remittance, payment and trade
services
Mobile Banking
1. "The Myanmar Times Bank Survey 2014" (http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/special-features/194-y
our-money-2014/11033-bank-survey-2014.html?start=2). Myanmar Times. 15 July 2014. Retrieved
8 February 2015.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ayeyarwady_Bank&oldid=805370571"
History
References

10/16/2017 Ayeyarwady Bank - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayeyarwady_Bank 2/2
This page was last edited on 14 October 2017, at 22:50.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this
site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia
Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Ayeyarwady Bank

10/16/2017 Central Bank of Myanmar - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Myanmar 1/5
မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော် ဗဟိုဘဏ်
Seal
Headquarters
Headquarters Naypyidaw
Established 3 April 1948 (as
Union Bank of
Burma)
Governor Kyaw Kyaw
Maung[1]
Central bank of Myanmar
(Burma)
Currency Myanmar kyat
MMK (ISO
4217)
Preceded by Union Bank of
Burma
People’s Bank
The Central Bank of Myanmar (Burmese: ြမန်မာ ိင်ငံေတာ်ဗဟိဘဏ်; MLCTS: myan
ma naing ngam taw ba ho bhan IPA: [mjəmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ bəhòʊbàn]; abbreviated
CBM) is the central bank of Myanmar (formerly Burma).
Contents
1 Organisation
2 History
3 Role
4 Members
5 See also
6 References
6.1 Footnotes
Organisation
Its headquarter located in Naypyidaw, and it has branches in Yangon and
Mandalay. The Governor is Kyaw Kyaw Maung and three Vice Governors are Set
Aung, Khin Saw Oo and Soe Min. The Central Bank of Myanmar became an
Coordinates: 19.7915°N 96.1441°E

of Union Bank
of Burma
Website www.cbm.gov
.mm (http://ww
w.cbm.gov.mm)
autonomous and independent regulatory body by the Central Bank of Myanmar
Law which was enacted by the Myanmar Parliament in 2013.
History
The Central Bank of Myanmar was founded as "the Union Bank of Burma" on 3rd April 1948 by the Act of Union
Bank of Burma 1947 and took over the functions of the Rangoon branches of the Reserve Bank of India.[2]The
Union Bank of Burma was opened at the corner of Merchant Road and Sule Pagoda Road and had a sole right of
currency issue.
Role
CBM has liberalised the financial organisations for competition, efficiency and integration into the regional
financial system. As of the end of December 2007, there are 15 domestic private banks and 13 representative
offices of foreign banks and three representative offices of foreign insurance companies in Myanmar. According to
the changes in the economic requirements of the country, the Central Bank rate has been increased from 10
percent to 12 percent since 1 April 2006.
Agricultural liberalisation speeded up after the elimination of the government procurement system of the main
agricultural crops such as rice, pulses, sugarcane, cotton, etc., in 2003–04. The state also reduced the subsidised
agricultural inputs, especially fertiliser. With an intention to enhance private participation in trade of agricultural
products and inputs, the government is now encouraging export of crops which are in surplus in domestic
markets or grown on fallow or waste land, giving opportunities to farmer and private producers.
Upon the guidance of the Ministry of Finance & Revenue, the CBM is responsible for financial stability and
supervision of the financial sector in Myanmar. The institutional coverage of the financial supervisory authority
includes state-owned banks and private banks in Myanmar. Two main approaches (on-site examination and off-
site monitoring) are currently used for supervision, regulation and monitoring of financial stability.

On-site examination involves assessing banks’ financial activities and internal management, to identify areas
where corrective action is required and to analyse their banking transactions and financial conditions, ensuring
that they are in accordance with existing laws, rules and regulations and the instructions of the CBM by using
CAMEL. Off-site monitoring operations are normally based on the weekly, monthly, quarterly and annual reports
which are submitted by the banks to the CBM.
The Central Bank has also issued guidelines on the statutory reserve requirement, capital adequacy, liquidity,
classification of N.P.L. and provision for bad and doubtful debts, single lending limit, etc. The reserve
requirement, liquidity and capital adequacy required to be maintained by financial institutions have been
prescribed according to the standards of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). However, the
implementation of Basel II will still take a few more years.
Members
As of end of July 2016, its current members are as follows:
Governor
Kyaw Kyaw Maung[3]
Deputy Governors
Set Aung[4]
Khin Saw Oo
Soe Min
Director Generals
Myint Myint Kyi (Governor's Office)
Aung Aung (Administration and Human Resource Development Department)
May Malar Maung Gyi (Monetary Policy Affairs and Banking Regulation Department)
Thida Myo Aung (Financial Institutions Supervision Department)

Than Than Swe (Accounts Department)
Win Thaw (Foreign Exchange Management Department)
See also
Myanmar kyat
General:
List of banks in Burma
Economy of Burma
References
"The Union of Myanmar" (https://web.archive.org/web/20070929022831/http://www.seacen.org/bankwatch/
myanmar.pdf) (PDF). South East Asian Central Banks Research and Training Centre. 2005. pp. 45–49.
Archived from the original (http://www.seacen.org/bankwatch/myanmar.pdf) (PDF) on 29 September 2007.
Retrieved 2 July 2006.
Footnotes
1. Aye Thidar Kyaw (29 July 2013). "Old hand on new board" (http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/business/7
587-old-hand-on-new-board.html). The Myanmar Times. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
2. "Central Bank of Myanmar" (http://www.cbm.gov.mm/). www.cbm.gov.mm. Retrieved 2017-07-16.
3. "List of Governors of the Central Bank of Myanmar | Central Bank of Myanmar" (http://www.cbm.gov.mm/co
ntent/list-governors-central-bank-myanmar-0). www.cbm.gov.mm. Retrieved 2016-09-20.
4. "News from SEACEN Member Banks" (http://www.mongolbank.mn/documents/moneypolicy/seacen_newslett
er/2011-4.pdf) (PDF). National Bank of Mongolia. Retrieved 15 June 2012.

/ p ) ( ) g
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_Bank_of_Myanmar&oldid=790790132"
This page was last edited on 16 July 2017, at 02:33.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By
using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of
the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

10/16/2017 (20) Construction And Housing Development Bank - About
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Construction And
Housing
Development Bank
@CHDB.Bank
About Suggest Edits
HOURS
Closes in 60 minutes 9:30AM - 3:00PM
BUSINESS INFO
Opened on January 11, 2014
Mission
No.60, Shwedagon Pagoda Road,
Yaw Min Gyi Quarter, Dagon
Township, Yangon.
Yangon
@CHDB.Bank
Call +95 9 771 049627
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Construction And
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10/16/2017 Co-operative Bank Ltd - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-operative_Bank_Ltd 1/2
CB Bank
Type Public
Industry Banking
Founded August 21, 1992
Headquarters Yangon, Myanmar
Number of
locations
183 branches
(2016)[1]
Key people Khin Maung Aye
(Chairman)
Kyaw Lynn
(Executive Vice
Chairman & CEO)
Products Financial services
Number of
employees
7000 (2016)
Website www.cbbank.com
.mm (http://www.c
bbank.com.mm)
Co-operative Bank Ltd
Co-operative Bank Ltd. (CB Bank) (Burmese: သမဝါယမဘဏ် လီမိတက် ) is one of the largest private banks in
Myanmar. The CB Bank was established on 21 August 1992 with the permission of the Central Bank of
Myanmar. The CB Bank's head office is located in the Botahtaung township area of Yangon. CB Bank has 183
local branches which offers a range of banking services in consumer banking and business banking. CB Bank
launched the first ATM in Myanmar on 1 November 2011. The bank named the ATM service as EASI Banking.
The bank has the largest network of ATM (525) and Foreign Exchange Counters (73) in Myanmar.[2][3][4][5]
1. "CB Bank: Branches Location" (http://www.cbbank.com.mm/aboutus/aboutus_network_branches.aspx).
www.cbbank.com.mm. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
2. "C B Bank - About Us" (http://www.cbbank.com.mm/about.php?l=e). Cbbankmm.com. Retrieved
2012-01-28.
3. "GRG Helps Myanmar Public to Have ATM Again After 8 Year of Waiting" (http://www.grgbanking.com/en/
show_news.asp?id=1699&type_id=21). Grgbanking.com. 2011-11-01. Retrieved 2012-01-28.
4. 4-traders (2011-11-01). "GRG Banking Equipment Co., Ltd. : GRG Helps Myanmar Public to Have ATM
Again After 8 Year .." (http://www.4-traders.com/GRG-BANKING-EQUIPMENT-CO-6499814/news/GRG-BA
NKING-EQUIPMENT-CO-LTD-GRG-Helps-Myanmar-Public-to-Have-ATM-Again-After-8-Year-13884878/). 4-
Traders. Retrieved 2012-01-28.
5. "ATMs find favour with users" (http://www.mmtimes.com/2011/business/602/biz60202.html).
Mmtimes.com. Retrieved 2012-01-28.
Official website (http://www.cbbank.com.mm/)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Co-operative_Bank_Ltd&oldid=793968293"
This page was last edited on 5 August 2017, at 00:35.
References
External links

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10/16/2017 Economy of Myanmar - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Myanmar 1/21
Economy of Myanmar
Sakura Tower in Yangon
Currency kyat (MMK)
Fiscal year 1 April – 31 March
Trade
organisations
WTO, ASEAN, BIMSTEC
Statistics
GDP $66.324 billion (nominal) (2016)
$334.856 billion (PPP) (2017 est.)
GDP rank 75th (nominal)
GDP growth 8.5% (2014 est.)
GDP per capita $4,800 (PPP) (2014 est.)
GDP by sector agriculture: 37.1%, industry: 21.3%, services: 41.6% (2014 est.)
Inflation (CPI) 5.9% (2014 est.)
Population
below
26% (2012)
Economy of Myanmar

poverty line
Labour force 32.53 million (2011 est.)
Labour force
by occupation
agriculture: 70%, industry: 7%, services: 23% (2001)
Unemployment 37% (2012)
Main industries agricultural processing; wood and wood products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; cement,
construction materials; pharmaceuticals; fertiliser; petroleum and natural gas; garments, jade
and gems
Ease-of-doing-
business rank
170th (2017)[1]
External
Exports $10.49 billion (2016 est.)
note: official export figures are grossly underestimated due to the value of timber, gems,
narcotics, rice, and other products smuggled to Thailand, China, and Bangladesh
Export goods natural gas, wood products, pulses, beans, fish, rice, clothing, jade and gems
Main export
partners
China 37.7%
Thailand 25.6%
India 7.7%
Japan 6.2% (2015 est.)[2]
Imports $13.96 billion (2016 est.)
note: import figures are grossly underestimated due to the value of consumer goods, diesel
fuel, and other products smuggled in from Thailand, China, Malaysia, and India
Import goods fabric, petroleum products, plastics, fertiliser, machinery, transport equipment, cement,
construction materials, crude oil; food products, edible oil
Main import
partners
China 42.2%

Thailand 18.5%
Singapore 11%
Japan 4.8%
(2015 est.)[3]
Public finances
Public debt $11 billion (2012)[4]
Revenues $2.016 billion
Expenses $4.272 billion (2011 est.)
Economic aid recipient: $127 million (2001 est.)
Foreign
reserves
$8 billion (as of January 2013)[5]
Main data source:
CIA World Fact Book (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/bm.html)
All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.
Myanmar (also known as Burma) is an emerging economy with a nominal GDP of $66.324 billion dollars in 2016 and an estimated purchasing power adjusted
GDP of $334.85 billion dollars in 2016.
1 History
1.1 Classical era
1.2 British Burma (1885–1948)
1.3 Post-independence (1948-)
1.4 Military rule (1988–2011)
1.5 Economic liberalisation (2011–present)
2 Still unresolved internal problems
Contents

3 Industries
3.1 Garment production
3.2 Illegal drug trade
3.3 Oil and gas
3.4 Gemstones
3.5 Tourism
4 External trade
5 Macro-economic trends
5.1 Foreign investment
5.2 Foreign aid
6 Other statistics
7 External References
8 Footnotes
9 Further reading
10 External links
Historically, Burma was the main trade route between India and China since 100 BC. The Mon Kingdom of lower Burma served as important trading centre in the
Bay of Bengal.
According to Michael Adas, Ian Brown, and other economic historians of Burma, Burma's pre-colonial economy in Burma was essentially a subsistence economy,
with the majority of the population involved in rice production and other forms of agriculture.[6] Burma also lacked a formal monetary system until the reign of
King Mindon Min in the middle 19th century.[6]
History
Classical era

All land was technically owned by the Burmese monarch.[7] Exports, along with oil wells, gem mining and teak production were controlled by the monarch.[7]
Burma was vitally involved in the Indian Ocean trade.[6] Logged teak was a prized export that was used in European shipbuilding, because of its durability, and
became the focal point of the Burmese export trade from the 1700s to the 1800s.[8]
After Burma was conquered by the British, it became the wealthiest country in Southeast Asia, after the Philippines. It was also once the world's largest exporter of
rice. During British administration, Burma supplied oil through the Burmah Oil Company. This supplying market received a setback through the great depression
in the 1930s. Burma suffered, like other countries in this region, from the decline in the total level of global trade.[9] Burma also had a wealth of natural and labour
resources. It produced 75% of the world's teak and had a highly literate population.[7] The country was believed to be on the fast track to development.
After a parliamentary government was formed in 1948, Prime Minister U Nu embarked upon a policy of nationalisation. He attempted to make Burma a welfare
state by adopting central planning measures. The government also tried to implement a poorly thought out Eight-Year plan. By the 1950s, rice exports had fallen by
two thirds and mineral exports by over 96%. Plans were partly financed by printing money, which led to inflation.[10]The 1962 coup d'état, was followed by an
economic scheme called the Burmese Way to Socialism, a plan to nationalise all industries, with the exception of agriculture. The catastrophic program turned
Burma into one of the world's most impoverished countries.[11][12] Burma's admittance to least developed country status by the United Nations in 1987
highlighted its economic bankruptcy.[13]
After 1988, the regime retreated from totalitarian socialism. It permitted modest expansion of the private sector, allowed some foreign investment, and received
much needed foreign exchange.[14] The economy is rated in 2009 as the least free in Asia (tied with North Korea).[15] All fundamental market institutions are
suppressed.[15][16] Private enterprises are often co-owned or indirectly owned by state. The corruption watchdog organisation Transparency International in its
2007 Corruption Perceptions Index released on 26 September 2007 ranked Burma the most corrupt country in the world, tied with Somalia.[17]
The national currency is the kyat. Burma currently has a dual exchange rate system similar to Cuba.[18] The market rate was around two hundred times below the
government-set rate in 2006.[16] In 2011, the Burmese government enlisted the aid of International Monetary Fund to evaluate options to reform the current
exchange rate system, to stabilise the domestic foreign exchange trading market and creates economic distortions.[19] The dual exchange rate system allows for the
government and state-owned enterprises to divert funds and revenues, but also gives the government more control over the local economy and temporarily subdue
inflation.[20][21]
Inflation averaged 30.1% between 2005 and 2007.[15] Inflation is a serious problem for the economy. In April 2007, the National League for Democracy organised
a two-day workshop on the economy. The workshop concluded that skyrocketing inflation was impeding economic growth. "Basic commodity prices have increased
from 30% to 60% since the military regime promoted a salary increase for government workers in April 2006," said Soe Win, the moderator of the workshop.
British Burma (1885–1948)
Post-independence (1948-)
Military rule (1988–2011)

"Inflation is also correlated with corruption." Myint Thein, an NLD spokesperson, added: "Inflation is the critical source of the current economic crisis."[22]
In recent years, both China and India have attempted to strengthen ties with the government for economic benefit. Many nations, including the United States and
Canada, and the European Union, have imposed investment and trade sanctions on Burma. The United States banned all imports from Burma, though this
restriction was since lifted.[16] Foreign investment comes primarily from People's Republic of China, Singapore, South Korea, India, and Thailand.[23]
In 2011, when new President Thein Sein's government came to power, Burma embarked on a major policy of reforms including anti-corruption, currency exchange
rate, foreign investment laws and taxation. Foreign investments increased from US$300 million in 2009-10 to a US$20 billion in 2010-11 by about 6567%.[24]
Large inflow of capital results in stronger Burmese currency, kyat by about 25%. In response, the government relaxed import restrictions and abolished export
taxes. Despite current currency problems, Burmese economy is expected to grow by about 8.8% in 2011.[25] After the completion of 58-billion dollar Dawei deep
seaport, Burma is expected be at the hub of trade connecting Southeast Asia and the South China Sea, via the Andaman Sea, to the Indian Ocean receiving goods
from countries in the Middle East, Europe and Africa, and spurring growth in the ASEAN region.[26][27]
In 2012, the Asian Development Bank formally began re-engaging with the country, to finance infrastructure and development projects in the country.[28] The
$512 million loan is the first issued by the ADB to Myanmar in 30 years and will target banking services, ultimately leading to other major investments in road,
energy, irrigation and education projects.[29]
In March 2012, a draft foreign investment law emerged, the first in more than 2 decades. This law oversees unprecedented liberalisation of the economy. It for
example stipulates that foreigners no longer require a local partner to start a business in the country, and are able to legally lease land.[30] The draft law also
stipulates that Burmese citizens must constitute at least 25% of the firm's skilled workforce, and with subsequent training, up to 50-75%.[30]
On 28 January 2013, the government of Myanmar announced deals with international lenders to cancel or refinance nearly $6 billion of its debt, almost 60 per
cent of what it owes to foreign lenders. Japan wrote off US$3 Billion, nations in the group of Paris Club wrote off US$2.2 Billion and Norway wrote off US$534
Million. [31]
Myanmar's inward foreign direct investment has steadily increased since its reform. The country approved US$4.4 billion worth of investment projects between
January and November 2014. [32]
According to one report released on 30 May 2013, by the McKinsey Global Institute, Burma's future looks bright, with its economy expected to quadruple by 2030
if it invests in more high-tech industries.[33] This however does assume that other factors (such as drug trade, the continuing war of the government with specific
ethnic groups, ...) do not interfere.
As of October 2017, less than 10% of Myanmar‘s population has a bank account.[34]
Economic liberalisation (2011–present)
Still unresolved internal problems

In a first ever countrywide study the Myanmar government found that 37 per cent of the nation’s population are unemployed and an average of 26 per cent live in
poverty. [35]
The current state of the Burmese economy has also had a significant impact on the demographics of Burma, as economic hardship results in extreme delays of
marriage and family building. The average age of marriage in Burma is 27.5 for men, 26.4 for women, almost unparalleled in the region, with the exception of
developed countries like Singapore.[36][37]
Burma also has a low fertility rate, of 2.07 children per woman (2010), especially as compared to other Southeast Asian countries of similar economic standing, like
Cambodia (3.18) and Laos (4.41), representing a significant decline from 4.7 in 1983, despite the absence of a national population policy.[38] This is at least partly
attributed to the economic strain that additional children place on the family income, and has resulted in the prevalence of illegal abortions in the country, as well
as use of other forms of birth control.[39]
The 2012 foreign investment law draft, included a proposal to transform the Myanmar Investment Commission from a government-appointed body into an
independent board. This could bring greater transparency to the process of issuing investment licenses, according to the proposed reforms drafted by experts and
senior officials.[40] However, even with this draft, it will still remain a question on whether corruption in the government can be addressed (links have been shown
between certain key individuals inside the government and the drug trade, as well as many industries that use forced labour -for example the mining industry-).[41]
Many regions (such as the Golden Triangle) remain off-limits for foreigners, and in some of these regions, the government is still at war with certain ethnic
groups.[41][42]
The major agricultural produce is rice which covers about 60% of the country's total cultivated land area. Rice accounts for 97% of total food grain production by
weight. Through collaboration with the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 52 modern rice varieties were released in the country between 1966 and 1997,
helping increase national rice production to 14 million tons in 1987 and to 19 million tons in 1996. By 1988, modern varieties were planted on half of the country's
rice fields, including 98% of the irrigated areas.[43] In 2011, Myanmar's total milled rice production accounted for 10.26 million tons, an increase from the 1.8 per
cent back in 2010.[44]
In northern Burma opium, bans have ended a century old tradition of growing poppy. Between 20,000 and 30,000 ex-poppyfarmers left the Kokang region as a
result of the ban in 2002.[45] People from the Wa region, where the ban was implemented in 2005, fled to areas where growing opium is still possible. Other ex-
poppyfarmers are being relocated to areas near rubber plantations. These are often mono-plantations from Chinese investors.
Rubber plantations are being promoted in areas of high elevation like Mong Mao. Sugar plantations are grown in the lowlands such as Mong Pawk District.[45]
The lack of an educated workforce skilled in modern technology contributes to the growing problems of the economy.[46]
Industries

Today, the country lacks adequate infrastructure. Goods travel primarily across the Thai border (where most illegal drugs are exported) and along the Ayeyarwady
River. Railroads are old and rudimentary, with few repairs since their construction in the late nineteenth century.[47] Highways are normally unpaved, except in
the major cities.[47] Energy shortages are common throughout the country including in Yangon. More than 45 million of the country's population is without
electricity, with 70 per cent of people living in rural areas.[48]
Burma is also the world's second largest producer of opium, accounting for 8% of entire world production and is a major source of illegal drugs, including
amphetamines.[49] Other industries include agricultural goods, textiles, wood products, construction materials, gems, metals, oil and natural gas.
The private sector dominates in agriculture, light industry, and transport activities, while the military government controls energy, heavy industry, and rice trade.
The garment industry is a major job creator in the Yangon area, with around 200,000 workers employed in total in mid-2015.[50] The Myanmar Government has
introduced minimum wage of MMR 3,600 (US$2.80) per day for the garment workers from 1 September 2015.[51]
The Myanmar garments sector has seen significant influx of foreign direct investment, if measured by the number of entries rather than their value. In March 2012,
six of Thailand's largest garment manufacturers announced that they would move production to Burma, principally to the Yangon area, citing lower labour
costs.[52] In mid-2015, about 55% of officially registered garment firms in Myanmar were known to be fully or partly foreign-owned, with about 25% of the foreign
firms from China and 17% from Hong Kong.[53] Foreign-linked firms supply almost all garment exports, and these have risen rapidly in recent years, especially
since EU sanctions were lifted in 2012.[54]
Burma (Myanmar) is the largest producer of methamphetamines in the world, with the majority of ya ba found in Thailand produced in Burma, particularly in the
Golden Triangle and Northeastern Shan State, which borders Thailand, Laos and China.[55] Burmese-produced Ya ba is typically trafficked to Thailand via Laos,
before being transported through the northeastern Thai region of Isan.[56]
In 2010, Burma trafficked 1 billion tablets to neighbouring Thailand.[55] In 2009, Chinese authorities seized over 40 million tablets that had been illegally
trafficked from Burma.[57] Ethnic militias and rebel groups (in particular the United Wa State Army) are responsible for much of this production; however, the
Burmese military units are believed to be heavily involved in the trafficking of the drugs.[55]
Burma is also the 2nd largest supplier of opium (following Afghanistan) in the world, with 95% of opium grown in Shan State.[58][59] Illegal narcotics have
generated $1 to $2 billion USD in exports annually, with estimates of 40% of the country's foreign exchange coming from drugs.[55][60] Efforts to eradicate opium
cultivation have pushed many ethnic rebel groups, including the United Wa State Army and the Kokang to diversify into methamphetamine production.
Garment production
Illegal drug trade

Prior to the 1980s, heroin was typically transported from Burma to Thailand,
before being trafficked by sea to Hong Kong, which was and still remains the
major transit point at which heroin enters the international market. Now, drug
trafficking has circumvented to southern China (from Yunnan, Guizhou,
Guangxi, Guangdong) because of a growing market for drugs in China, before
reaching Hong Kong.[61]
The prominence of major drug traffickers have allowed them to penetrate other
sectors of the Burmese economy, including the banking, airline, hotel and
infrastructure industries.[62] Their investment in infrastructure have allowed
them to make more profits, facilitate drug trafficking and money
laundering.[63]
Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise (MOGE) is a national oil and gas company
of Burma. The company is a sole operator of oil and gas exploration and production, as well as domestic gas
transmission through a 1,900-kilometre (1,200 mi) onshore pipeline grid.[64][65]
The Yadana Project is a project to exploit the Yadana gas field in the Andaman Sea and to carry natural gas to
Thailand through Myanmar.
Sino-Burma pipelines refers to planned oil and natural gas pipelines linking the Burma's deep-water port of
Kyaukphyu (Sittwe) in the Bay of Bengal with Kunming in Yunnan province, China.
The Norwegian company Seadrill owned by John Fredriksen is involved in offshore oildrilling, expected to give
the Burmese Military Junta oil and oil export revenues.
Myanmar exported $3.5 billion worth of gas, mostly to Thailand in the fiscal year up to March 2012.[66]
Initiation to bid on oil exploration licenses for 18 of Myanmar’s onshore oil blocks has been released on 18
January 2013.[66]
The Union of Myanmar's rulers depend on sales of precious stones such as sapphires, pearls and jade to fund their regime. Rubies are the biggest earner; 90% of
the world's rubies come from the country, whose red stones are prized for their purity and hue. Thailand buys the majority of the country's gems. Burma's "Valley
of Rubies", the mountainous Mogok area, 200 km (120 mi) north of Mandalay, is noted for its rare pigeon's blood rubies and blue sapphires.[67]
A world map of the world's primary opium or heroin producers. The Golden
Triangle region, which Burma is part of, is pinpointed in this map.
Oil and gas
A private petrol station in the Inle
lake region, Myanmar
Gemstones

In 2007, following the crackdown on pro-democracy protests in Myanmar, human rights organisations, gem dealers, and US First Lady Laura Bush called for a
boycott of a Myanmar gem auction held twice yearly, arguing that the sale of the stones profits the dictatorial regime in that country.[68] Debbie Stothard of the
Alternative ASEAN Network on Burma stated that mining operators used drugs on employees to improve productivity, with needles shared, raising the risk of HIV
infection: "These rubies are red with the blood of young people." Brian Leber (41-year-old jeweller who founded The Jewellers' Burma Relief Project) stated that:
"For the time being, Burmese gems should not be something to be proud of. They should be an object of revulsion. It's the only country where one obtains really top
quality rubies, but I stopped dealing in them. I don't want to be part of a nation's misery. If someone asks for a ruby now I show them a nice pink sapphire."[69]
Richard W. Hughes, author of Ruby and Sapphire, a Bangkok-based gemologist who has made many trips to Burma makes the point that for every ruby sold
through the junta, another gem that supports subsistence mining is smuggled over the Thai border.[70] Burma's gemstone industry is a cornerstone of the Burmese
economy with exports topping $1 billion.[71]
The permits for new gem mines in Mogoke, Mineshu and Nanyar state will be issued by the ministry according to a statement issued by the ministry on 11
February. While many sanctions placed on the former regime were eased or lifted in 2012, the US has left restrictions on importing rubies and jade from Myanmar
intact. According to recent amendments to the new Myanmar foreign investment law, there is no longer a minimum capital requirement for investments, except in
mining ventures, which require substantial proof of capital and must be documented through a domestic bank. Another important clarification in the investment
law is the dropping of foreign ownership restrictions in joint ventures, except in restricted sectors, such as mining, where FDI will be capped at 80 per cent. [72]
Since 1992, the government has encouraged tourism. Until 2008, fewer than 750,000 tourists entered the country annually,[73] but there has been substantial
growth over the past years. In 2012, 1.06 million tourists visited the country,[74] and 1.8 million are expected to visit by the end of 2013.
Tourism is thus a growing sector of the economy of Burma. Burma has diverse and varied tourist attractions and is served internationally by numerous airlines via
direct flights. Domestic and foreign airlines also operate flights within the country. Cruise ships also dock at Yangon. Overland entry with a border pass is
permitted at several border checkpoints. The government requires a valid passport with an entry visa for all tourists and business people. As of May 2010, foreign
business visitors from any country can apply for a visa on arrival when passing through Yangon and Mandalay international airports without having to make any
prior arrangements with travel agencies.[75] Both the tourist visa and business visa are valid for 28 days, renewable for an additional 14 days for tourism and 3
months for business. Seeing Burma through a personal tour guide is popular. Travelers can hire guides through travel agencies.
[76] Aung San Suu Kyi has requested that international tourists not visit Burma. The junta's forced labour programmes were focused around tourist destinations
which have been heavily criticised for their human rights records. Even disregarding the obviously governmental fees, Burma’s Minister of Hotels and Tourism
Major-General Saw Lwin recently admitted that the government receives a significant percentage of the income of private sector tourism services. Not to mention
the fact that only a very small minority of impoverished ordinary people in Burma ever see any money with any relation to tourism.[77]
Before 2012, much of the country was completely off-limits to tourists, and the military very tightly controlled interactions between foreigners and the people of
Burma. Locals were not allowed to discuss politics with foreigners, under penalty of imprisonment, and in 2001, the Myanmar Tourism Promotion Board issued an
order for local officials to protect tourists and limit "unnecessary contact" between foreigners and ordinary Burmese people. Since 2012, Burma has opened up to
Tourism

more tourism and foreign capital, synonymous with the country's transition to democracy.[78]
2006-2007 Financial Year Trade volume (in US$000,000)
Sr. No. Description
2006–2007 Budget Trade Volume 2006–2007 Real Trade Volume
Export Import Trade Volume Export Import Trade Volume
1 Normal Trade 4233.60 2468.40 6702.00 4585.47 2491.33 7076.80
2 Border Trade 814.00 466.00 1280.00 647.21 445.40 1092.61
Total 5047.60 2934.40 7982.00 5232.68 2936.73 8169.41
External trade
Burmese exports in 2006

Total Trade Value for Financial year 2006-2007 to Financial year 2009-2010
No Financial Year Export Value Import Value Trade Value (US$, 000,000)
1 2006–2007 5222.92 2928.39 8151.31
2 2007–2008 6413.29 3346.64 9759.93
3 2008–2009 6792.85 4563.16 11356.01
4 2009–2010 7568.62 4186.28 11754.90
This is a chart of trend of gross domestic product of Burma at market prices estimated (http://www.econstats.com/IMF/IFS_Mya1_99B__.htm#Year) by the
International Monetary Fund and EconStats with figures in millions of Myanma kyats.
Year Gross Domestic Product US dollar exchange[79] Inflation index (2000=100)
1965 7,627
1970 10,437
1975 23,477
1980 38,608
1985 55,988
1990 151,941
1995 604,728
Though foreign investment has been encouraged, it has so far met with only moderate success. This is because foreign investors have been adversely affected by the
junta government policies and because of international pressure to boycott the junta government. The United States has placed trade sanctions on Burma. The
European Union has placed embargoes on arms, non-humanitarian aid, visa bans on military regime leaders, and limited investment bans. Both the European
Macro-economic trends
Foreign investment

Union and the US have placed sanctions on grounds of human rights violations in the country. Many nations in Asia, particularly India, Thailand and China have
actively traded with Burma. However, on 22 April the EU suspended economic and political sanctions against Burma.[80]
The public sector enterprises remain highly inefficient and also privatisation efforts have stalled. The estimates of Burmese foreign trade are highly ambiguous
because of the great volume of black market trading. A major ongoing problem is the failure to achieve monetary and fiscal stability. Due to this, Burma remains a
poor country with no improvement of living standards for the majority of the population over the past decade. The main causes for continued sluggish growth are
poor government planning, internal unrest, minimal foreign investment and the large trade deficit. One of the recent government initiatives is to utilise Burma's
large natural gas deposits. Currently, Burma has attracted investment from Thai, Malaysian, Filipino, Russian, Australian, Indian, and Singaporean companies.[81]
Trade with the US amounted to $243.56 million as of February 2013, accounting for 15 projects and just 0.58 per cent of the total, according to government
statistics.[82]
The Economist special report on Burma points to increased economic activity resulting from Burma's political transformation and influx of foreign direct
investment from Asian neighbours.[83] Near the Mingaladon Industrial Park, for example, Japanese-owned factories have risen from the "debris" caused by
"decades of sanctions and economic mismanagement."[83] Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has identified Burma as economically attractive market that will
help stimulate the Japanese economy.[83] Among its various enterprises, Japan is helping build the Thilawa Port, which is part of the Thilawa Special Economic
Zone, and helping fix the electricity supply in Yangon.[83]
Japan isn’t the largest investor in Myanmar. "Thailand, for instance, the second biggest investor in Myanmar after China, is forging ahead with a bigger version of
Thilawa at Dawei, on Myanmar’s Tenasserim Coast. . . Thai rulers have for centuries been toying with the idea of building a canal across the Kra Isthmus, linking
the Gulf of Thailand directly to the Andaman Sea and the Indian Ocean to avoid the journey round peninsular Malaysia through the Strait of Malacca."[83]
Dawei would give Thailand that connection. China, by far the biggest investor in Burma, has focused on constructing oil and gas pipelines that "crisscross the
country, starting from a new terminus at Kyaukphyu, just below Sittwe, up to Mandalay and on to the Chinese border town of Ruili and then Kunming, the capital
of Yunnan province."[83] This would prevent China from "having to funnel oil from Africa and the Middle East through the bottleneck around Singapore."[83]
According to the CIA World Factbook,[84]
Burma, a resource-rich country, suffers from pervasive government controls, inefficient economic policies, and rural poverty. The junta took steps in the
early 1990s to liberalize the economy after decades of failure under the "Burmese Way to Socialism," but those efforts stalled, and some of the
liberalization measures were rescinded. Burma does not have monetary or fiscal stability, so the economy suffers from serious macroeconomic
imbalances - including inflation, multiple official exchange rates that overvalue the Burmese kyat, and a distorted interest rate regime. Most overseas
development assistance ceased after the junta began to suppress the democracy movement in 1988 and subsequently refused to honor the results of the
1990 legislative elections. In response to the government of Burma's attack in May 2003 on Aung San Suu Kyi and her convoy, the US imposed new
economic sanctions against Burma - including a ban on imports of Burmese products and a ban on provision of financial services by US persons. A poor
investment climate further slowed the inflow of foreign exchange. The most productive sectors will continue to be in extractive industries, especially oil
and gas, mining, and timber. Other areas, such as manufacturing and services, are struggling with inadequate infrastructure, unpredictable

import/export policies, deteriorating health and education systems, and corruption. A major banking crisis in 2003 shuttered the country's 20 private
banks and disrupted the economy. As of December 2005, the largest private banks operate under tight restrictions limiting the private sector's access to
formal credit. Official statistics are inaccurate. Published statistics on foreign trade are greatly understated because of the size of the black market and
unofficial border trade - often estimated to be as large as the official economy. Burma's trade with Thailand, China, and India is rising. Though the
Burmese government has good economic relations with its neighbors, better investment and business climates and an improved political situation are
needed to promote foreign investment, exports, and tourism.
Financing Geothermal projects in Myanmar use an estimated break even power cost of 5.3-8.6 U.S cents/kWh or in Myanmar Kyat 53-86K per kWh. This pegs a
non-fluctuating $1=1000K, which is a main concern for power project funding. The main drawback with depreciation pressures, in the current FX market. Between
June 2012 and October 2015, the Myanmar Kyat depreciated by approximately 35%, from 850 down to 1300 against the US Dollar. Local businesses with foreign
denominated loans from abroad suddenly found themselves rushing for a strategy to mitigate currency risks. Myanmar’s current lack of available currency hedging
solutions presents a real challenge for Geothermal project financing.[85]
The level of international aid to Burma ranks amongst the lowest in the world (and the lowest in the Southeast Asian region)[86]—Burma receives the $4 per capita
in development assistance, as compared to the average of $42.30 per capita.[87][88]
In April 2007, the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) identified the financial and other restrictions that the military government places on international
humanitarian assistance in the Southeast Asian country. The GAO report, entitled "Assistance Programs Constrained in Burma," outlines the specific efforts of the
Burmese government to hinder the humanitarian work of international organisations, including by restricting the free movement of international staff within the
country. The report notes that the regime has tightened its control over assistance work since former Prime Minister Khin Nyunt was purged in October 2004.
Furthermore, the reports states that the military government passed guidelines in February 2006, which formalised Burma's restrictive policies. According to the
report, the guidelines require that programs run by humanitarian groups "enhance and safeguard the national interest" and that international organisations co-
ordinate with state agents and select their Burmese staff from government-prepared lists of individuals. United Nations officials have declared these restrictions
unacceptable.
The shameful behavior of Burma's military regime in tying the hand of humanitarian organizations is laid out in these pages for all to see, and it must
come to an end," said U.S. Representative Tom Lantos (D-CA). "In eastern Burma, where the military regime has burned or otherwise destroyed over
3,000 villages, humanitarian relief has been decimated. At least one million people have fled their homes and many are simply being left to die in the
jungle."
Foreign aid

US Representative Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R-FL) said that the report "underscores the need for democratic change in Burma, whose military regime arbitrarily
arrests, tortures, rapes and executes its own people, ruthlessly persecutes ethnic minorities, and bizarrely builds itself a new capital city while failing to address the
increasingly urgent challenges of refugee flows, illicit narcotics and human trafficking, and the spread of HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases." [89]
Electricity - production: 5.961 billion kWh (2006 est.)
Electricity - consumption: 4.298 billion kWh (2006 est.)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2007)
Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2007)
Agriculture - products: rice, pulses, beans, sesame, groundnuts, sugarcane; hardwood; fish and fish products
Currency: 1 kyat (K) = 100 pyas
Exchange rates: kyats per US dollar - 1,205 (2008 est.), 1,296 (2007), 1,280 (2006), 5.82 (2005), 5.7459 (2004), 6.0764 (2003) note: unofficial exchange rates
ranged in 2004 from 815 kyat/US dollar to nearly 970 kyat/US dollar, and by year end 2005, the unofficial exchange rate was 1,075 kyat/US dollar; data shown for
2003-05 are official exchange rates
Foreign Direct Investment In the first nine months of 2012-2013, Myanmar has received investment of USD 794 million. China has biggest of investment
commitments for this fiscal.[90]
Foreign Trade Total foreign trade for 2012 was recorded to USD 13.3 billion. It was 27% of Myanmar's GDP.[90]
Google Earth Map of oil and gas infrastructure in Myanmar (http://www.oilandgasinfrastructure.com/home/oilandgasasia/myanmar)
1. "Ease of Doing Business in Myanmar" (http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/myanmar). Doingbusiness.org. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
2. "Export Partners of Burma (Myanmar)" (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2050.html#bm). CIA World Factbook. 2012.
3. "Import Partners of Burma (Myanmar)" (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2061.html#bm). CIA World Factbook. 2012.
Other statistics
External References
Footnotes

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Retrieved 19 February 2012.
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conomy-assumes-price-stability-low-inflation). Eleven Myanmar. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
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007-10/2007-10-04-voa10.cfm?CFID=117290760&CFTOKEN=64840153&jsessionid=6630167e8fd1b43b9eef18506362225e1f2d). Archived from the original
(http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2007-10/2007-10-04-voa10.cfm?CFID=117290760&CFTOKEN=64840153&jsessionid=6630167e8fd1b43b9eef185
06362225e1f2d) on 2012-12-08.
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24. Joseph Allchin (20 September 2011). "Taste of democracy sends Burma's fragile economy into freefall" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/tas
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49. "Myanmar Country Profile" (http://www.unodc.org/pdf/myanmar/myanmar_country_profile_2005.pdf) (PDF). Office on Drugs and Crime. United Nations.
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50. Gelb, S., Calabrese, L. and Tang. X. (2017). Foreign direct investment and economic transformation in Myanmar (http://set.odi.org/foreign-direct-investment
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51. "Myanmar garment factories reduce more workers" (http://banglaapparel.com/en/news/2015-09-09_13:29:01:0.527359001441783741.en.html).
BanglaApparel.com. 9 September 2015. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
52. Pratruangkrai, Petchanet (17 March 2012). "Six top garment makers fleeing to low-wage Burma" (http://www.nationmultimedia.com/business/Six-top-garme
nt-makers-fleeing-to-low-wage-Burma-30178149.html). The Nation. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
55. Thornton, Phil (12 February 2012). "Myanmar's rising drug trade" (http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/investigation/279434/myanmar-reforms-mask-meteor
ic-rise-in-drug-trade). Bangkok Post. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
56. McCartan, Brian (13 July 2010). "Holes in Thailand's drug fences" (http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/LG13Ae01.html). Asia Times. Retrieved
19 February 2012.
57. Macan-Markar, Marwaan (4 January 2011). "Myanmar's drug 'exports' to China test ties" (http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/MA04Ae01.html).
Asia Times. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
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Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 25 June 2010. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
59. Kurlantzick, Joshua (16 February 2012). "Myanmar’s Drug Problem" (http://blogs.cfr.org/asia/2012/02/16/myanmars-drug-problem/). Asia Unbound. Council
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60. Sun Wyler, Liana (21 August 2008). "Burma and Transnational Crime" (https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34225.pdf) (PDF). CRS Report for Congress.
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dffiles1/nij/grants/218254.pdf) (PDF). U.S. Department of Justice: 98.
62. Chin, Ko-lin (2009). The Golden Triangle: inside Southeast Asia's drug trade. Cornell University Press. pp. 239–240. ISBN 978-0-8014-7521-4.
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Further reading

Myanmar Ministry of Commerce (MMC) News, information, journals, magazines related to Burmese business and commerce (http://www.commerce.gov.m
m/)
Myanmar-US Chamber of Commerce [2] (http://www.mmuscc.org/index.html)
Union of Myanmar Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry (UMFCCI) [3] (http://www.umfcci.com.mm/)
World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Myanmar (http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/MMR/Year/2010/Summary)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Myanmar&oldid=805139544"
This page was last edited on 13 October 2017, at 09:34.
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10/16/2017 Innwa Bank - Wikipedia
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Innwa Bank Limited
Native name အင် းဝဘဏ် လီမိတက်
Type Private
Industry Bank
Founded November 28, 1997
Founder Myanmar Economic
Corporation
Headquarters Kyauktada Township,
Yangon, Myanmar
(Burma)
Total assets 260 billion kyat[1]
(US$2.60 million) (2012-
13)
Website www.ablmm.com (htt
p://www.ablmm.com)
Innwa Bank
Innwa Bank Limited (Burmese: အင် းဝဘဏ် လီမိတက် ) is a private commercial bank in Burma (Myanmar).
Innwa Bank was founded by the Myanmar Economic Corporation (MEC) in 1997, a major conglomerate
owned by serving and retired military officers of the Tatmadaw, affiliated with the Myanmar Ministry of
Defence.[1][2] The bank serves as a financial vehicle for MEC's subsidiaries and affiliates.[2] Innwa Bank is
wholly owned by MEC, which is in turn, owned by the government.[3] Military authorities control the
bank's management.[3]
1. "The Myanmar Times Bank Survey 2014" (http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/special-features/194-
your-money-2014/11033-bank-survey-2014.html?start=2). Myanmar Times. 15 July 2014. Retrieved
8 February 2015.
2. Turnell, Sean (2009). Fiery Dragons: Banks, Moneylenders and Microfinance in Burma. NIAS Press.
p. 266. ISBN 9788776940409.
3. Fujita, Kōichi; Fumiharu Mieno; Ikuko Okamoto (2009). The Economic Transition in Myanmar After
1988: Market Economy Versus State Control. NUS Press. p. 136. ISBN 9789971694616.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Innwa_Bank&oldid=677336835"
This page was last edited on 22 August 2015, at 15:48.
References

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(index.html)
Branches
ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံအတြင္းတြင္ အင္းဝဘဏ္ မ် ားအား
ေအာက္ ေဖာ္ ျပပါေနရာမ် ားတြင္
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ႏိုင္ငံတဝန္းအားထားရန္ ျမန္မာ့ အင္းဝဘဏ္
DEMAND DEPOSITDEMAND DEPOSIT
SALARY FOR MILITARY OFFICERS
REMITTANCE ELECTRONIC BANKING
LOANS AND ADVANCES
INTERNATIONAL BANKING

ATM Service
ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံအတြင္းတြင္ အင္းဝဘဏ္ ATM
စက္ မ် ားအားေဖာ္ ျပပါေနရာမ် ားတြင္တပ္ဆင္ထား
ၿပီး ထုတ္ ယူသံုးဆြဲႏိုင္မည္ ျဖစ္ပါသည္ ။
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Mail Service
တပ္မေတာ္ အရာရွိလစာႏွင့္ ပတ္ သက္ ၍ သိလိုသည္ မ် ားအား ccf.complain@gmail.com သို႔ mail ပို႔၍ ေမးျမန္းႏိုင္ပါသည္ ။
Read More (Mail_service.Html)

Question & Answer (FAQ)
အင္းဝဘဏ္ ေငြစုစာအုပ္ အသစ္လုပ္လွ် င္
လိုအပ္မည့္ အရာမ် ား၊ အင္းဝဘဏ္ ဝန္ေဆာင္မႈ
မ် ား၊ လုပ္ထံုးလုပ္နည္ း စည္ းကမ္းမ် ား။
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

About Innwa Bank
Bank Establishing The Innwa Bank Limited is established as an Investment Bank (or) Developing Bank since from 28 November 1997 by the approval of
Myanmar Central Bank’s License No- MaBaPa/P – 20(5) (97) dated with 15.5.1997. Bank’s Company Registration The people republic of Myanmar’s National
Project & Ministry of Development allow to established as a limited non public company limited, Announcement No- (6/98) dated with 8 June 1998 by using legal
permission for the special company of 1950. As per Meeting Agreement of the people republic of Myanmar’s government on the (41/2008) times meeting held at
4.12.2008, National Project & Ministry of Business Development published Register No. 1221/2008-2009 (date - 22.12.2008).
Online Balance Checking အင္းဝဘဏ္ လီမီတက္ (ရန္ကုန္ဘဏ္ ခြဲ)တြင္ စာရင္းဖြင့္လွစ္ထားေသာ Customer မ် ားအေနျဖင့္ မိမိတို႕၏ စာရင္းလက္ က် န္မ် ားကို Online မွတဆင့္
လက္ ကိုင္တယ္ လီဖုန္း၊ ကြန္ပ် ဴတာမ် ားျဖင့္ ေနရာမေရြး၊ အခ်ိန္မေရြး စစ္ေဆးၾကည့္ ရႈႏိုင္ၿပီ ျဖစ္ပါသည္ ။ အျခားဘဏ္ ခြဲမ် ားအတြက္ လည္ း ဆက္ လက္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ သြားမည္ ျဖစ္ပါသ
ည္ ။

INNWA BANK
Company Inc.
ATM Machine
9 Miles Start Mart
BaHtoo, Southern Shan
BaYintNaung
ThanDaungGyi
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Naypyitaw
Chanayethasan
Kyauktada

10/16/2017 Kanbawza Bank - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanbawza_Bank 1/2
Kanbawza Bank
Type Private
Industry Banking
Founded 1994
Headquarters Yangon,
Myanmar
Key people Aung Ko Win
(Chairman)
Products Financial
Services
Number of Over 18,000
Kanbawza Bank
Kanbawza Bank (Burmese: ကမ္ဘောဇဘဏ် ; abbreviated as KBZ Bank) is a private commercial bank in Myanmar. The
bank was established on 1 July 1994 in Taunggyi, Shan State. KBZ bank is part of the KBZ Group conglomerate (founded by
Aung Ko Win aka Saya Kyaung).
In February 2010, the bank bought an 80% share in Myanmar Airways International, Myanmar's international airline.[1]
On 1 April 2011, the bank launched Air KBZ, one of four privately owned domestic airlines in Myanmar, with plans to
expand to international flights in the near future.[2]
1. Moe, Wai (2010-02-03). "Western-sanctioned Kanbawza Bank Buys Airline" (http://www.irrawaddy.org/article.php?art
_id=17734). The Irrawaddy. Retrieved 2010-09-14.
2. Zaw Win Than (28 March 2011). "Kanbawza to launch domestic airline on April 1" (http://www.mmtimes.com/2011/n
ews/568/news56805.html). Myanmar Times. Retrieved 25 March 2012.
Kanbawza Bank Limited (KBZ) (http://www.kbzbank.com) Official site
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanbawza_Bank&oldid=802615307"
This page was last edited on 27 September 2017, at 09:32.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this
site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation,
Inc., a non-profit organization.
References
External links

10/16/2017 Kanbawza Bank - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanbawza_Bank 2/2
employees
Website www
.kbzbank
.com (http://
www.kbzban
k.com)

10/16/2017 List of banks in Myanmar - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Myanmar 1/3
List of banks in Myanmar
This is a list of Burmese banks.
1 Central bank
2 State-run banks
3 Semi-government banks
4 Private banks
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
1. Myanma Economic Bank
2. Myanma Foreign Trade Bank
3. Myanma Investment and Commercial Bank
4. Myanma Agricultural Development Bank
Contents
Central bank
State-run banks

1. Myawaddy Bank Ltd
2. Small & Medium Industrial Development Bank Ltd
3. Myanmar Citizens Bank Ltd
4. Global Treasure Bank (former Myanmar Livestock and Fisheries Development Bank Ltd)[1]
5. Yangon City Bank Ltd
6. Innwa Bank Ltd
7. Yadanabon Bank Ltd
8. Rural Development Bank Ltd
9. Naypyitaw Sibin Bank
10. Construction and Housing Development Bank[2]
1. Kanbawza Banks Ltd
2. Co-operative Bank Ltd
3. First Private Bank Ltd
4. Yoma Bank Ltd
5. Asia Green Development Bank Ltd
6. Ayeyarwady Bank Ltd
7. United Amara Bank Ltd
8. Myanma Apex Bank Ltd
9. Myanmar Oriental Bank Ltd
10. Tun Foundation Bank Ltd
11. Asia-Yangon Bank Ltd
12. Shwe Rural and Urban Development Bank
13. Ayeyarwaddy Farmers Development Bank
14. Myanmar Microfinance Bank Limited
Semi-government banks
Private banks

1. "ဘဏ် သမိုင် းကြောင် း" (http://treasurebankmm.com/index.php/profile). Global Treasure Bank. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
2. Myanma Alin Daily. 53-281 (13 July 2014): Page 3 Column 1 http://issuu.com/myanmarnewspaper/docs/13.july_.14_mal/0. Retrieved 18 July 2014. Missing
or empty |title= (help)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_banks_in_Myanmar&oldid=787909592"
This page was last edited on 28 June 2017, at 09:08.
See also
References
External links

10/16/2017 MAB - Personal, Business, International & Mobile Banking Services in Myanmar
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and MAB MPU Card, Visa Prepaid Card, Master Prepaid
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IN-SEDONA/)
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FOREIGN EXCHANGE
Currency Buy Sell
USD 1351 1354
EUR 1588 1610
SGD 995 1003
THB 39.5 41
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 DETAIL (HTTPS://WWW.MABBANK.COM/MAB-BANK-OPENS-93RD-BRANCH-
THIRIMINGALARZAY/)
 DETAIL (HTTPS://WWW.MABBANK.COM/MAB-BANK-OPENS-94THBRANCH-TARMWE/)
MAB Bank opens 93rd Branch at Thirimingalarzay (https://www.mabbank.com/mab-
bank-opens-93rd-branch-thirimingalarzay/)
Myanma Apex Bank is opening 93rd bank branch at Thirimingalarzay.
The Thirimingalarzay Branch held a grand opening at 9 a. m. Friday July 18, 2017.
MAB Bank opens 94th Branch at Tarmwe (https://www.mabbank.com/mab-bank-opens-
94thbranch-tarmwe/)
Myanma Apex Bank is opening 94th bank branch at Tarmwe Township.
The Tarmwe-KyarKyakThit Branch held a grand opening at 10 a. m. Friday July 18, 2017.
(https://www.mabbank.com/mab-bank-opens-93rd-branch-thirimingalarzay/)
(https://www.mabbank.com/mab-bank-opens-94thbranch-tarmwe/)
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10/16/2017 MCB Bank – The Citizens' Choice
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အကောင်းဆုံး အတိး န်းဖြင့် Jubilee Fixed Deposit Account ကို မြန်မာနိုင်ငံသားများဘဏ် လီမိတတ် ၏ (၂၅) စ်ပြည့် အထိမ်းအမတ် အဖြစ် ဇူလိုင်လ (၁၀) ရက် (၂၀၁၇) ခ စ်မ
စက် တင်ဘာလ (၃၀) ရက် (၂၀၁၇) ခ စ်အထိ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ တဝမ်းလံး ိ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံသားများဘဏ် ခွဲများ အားလုံးတွင် ဖွင့်လစ်နိုင်ပါသည် ။
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New Customers
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9 months 10.00% 9.90%
6 months 9.75% 9.65%

3 months 9.35% 9.25%
1 month 9.10% 9.00%
Foreign Exchange
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SGD 1000 1017
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Last updated: 16- 10 - 2017
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Documents
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2017 AGM Report part (1)

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