3-D TV uses several technologies to create three-dimensional images by presenting slightly different images to each eye to mimic human binocular vision. The document discusses technologies like anaglyph, polarization, and shutter systems that are currently used in 3-D TVs produced by companies like Sony, LG, and Samsung. While 3-D TV provides an immersive experience, it also faces challenges like the need for glasses and lack of industry standards.

1. 3-D TV

2. CONTENTS
*INTRODUCTION
*BASICS OF 3D TV
*ARCHITECTURE OF 3D TV
*TECHNOLOGIES PRESENLTYUSED
*MULTIVIEWAUTO STEREOSCOPIC DISPLAY
*3D VIEWERS
*APPLICATION OF 3D TV
*DISADVANTAGES
*CONCLUSION
*REFERENCE

3. INTRODUCTION
*At First films were silent, then sound was added.
* Cinema and television were initially black and white,
then colour tv was introduced.
* Computer imaging and digital special effects have
been the latest major novelty.
* Nowadays markets are flooded with HDTV,LCD and
Plasma TV’s
* 3D TV is expected to be next revolution in the
TV industry

4. BASICS OF 3D TV
*BINOCULAR PARALLAX: Binocular parallax refers to the
ability of the eyes to see a solid object and a continuous surface
behind that object even though the eyes see two different views.
*MOTION PARALLAX: It means information at the retina
caused by relative movement of objects as the observer moves to
the side(or his head move sideways)
*DEPTH PERCEPTION: It allows the beholder to accurately
gauge the distance to an object. It is the visual ability to perceive
the world in three dimensions.

5. Stereoscope
It is an optical device for creating stereoscopic(or three
dimensional) effects from flat(two dimensional) images.
D. Brewster first constructed the stereoscope in 1844.

6. *Stereographic images:
It means two pictures taken with a time separation
that are then arranged to be viewed simultaneously.
*Holographic images:
Aluminous, 3D, transparent coloured and
nonmaterial image appearing out of a 2D medium,
called a hologram.

7. ARCHITECTURE OF 3D TVTECHNOLOGY
*Acquisition
*Transmission & display

8. *Acquisition
The acquisition stage consists of an array of the
hardware synchronizes cameras.
*CCD image sensors
*MPEG-2 encoding
*PCLcard

9. TRANSMISSION & DISPLAY
CAMERA1 3DPROCESSOR DIGITALHDENCODER
CAMERA2
HOME
3DHDTV

10. TECHNOLOGIES USED
*ANAGLYPHIC 3D
*IT PROVIDES A 3D EFFECT WHEN VIEWED WITH TWO
COLOUR GLASSES (USUALLY REDAND CYAN).
*IMAGESARE MADE UP OF TWO COLOUR LAYERS, BUT
THEY ARE OFFSET WITH RESPECT TO EACH OTHER TO
PRODUCE A DEPTH EFFECT.

11. POLARIZATION 3D
*Two images intended for each eye are displayed from two
separate projectors.
*Each image is projected with a polarization mutually
orthogonal to the other polarization.
*Polarized 3d glasses are then used with polarized filters to
ensure that each eye receives only the intended image.
*It works well, and the required glasses are cheap and light.

12. ALTERNATE FRAME SEQUENCING
*The movie is filmed with two cameras. Then the images are
placed into a single strip of film in alternating order.
*The film is then run at 48 frames per second.
*Each eye glasses contains a liquid crystal layer.

13. AUTO STEREOSCOPIC DISPLAYS
*Holographic displays: The holographic image is true three
dimensional. It can be viewed in different angles without glasses.
*Volumetric displays: It creates a 3d imagery via the
emission, scattering or relaying of illumination from well defined
regions in (x,y,z) space.
*Parallax displays: It emits spatially varying directional light.
The panorama gram, invented in 1824, is an instrument used to
obtain the illusion of depth on a flat source.

14. *Lenticular display: The lenticular sheet is a line of array of
narrow cylindrical lenses called lenticules.
The purpose of the lenses is to focus more of the light into a
horizontal beam and allow less of the light to escape above and
below the plane of the viewer.

15. 3D VIEWERS
activeviewer passiveviewer
shuttersystems polarizationsystems

16. SHUTTER SYSTEM
It generally uses liquid crystal shutter glassesAShutter
system works by openly presenting the image intended for the
left eye while blocking the right eye's view, then presenting
the right-eye image while blocking the left eye, and repeating
this so rapidly that the interruptions do not interfere with the
perceived fusion of the two images into a single 3D image

17. POLARIZATION SYSTEMS
To present stereoscopic pictures, two images are projected
superimposed onto the same screen through polarizing filters
or presented on a display with polarized filters. For projection,
a silver screen is used so that polarization is preserved.The
viewer wears low-cost eyeglasses which also contain a pair of
opposite polarizing filters.

18. Colour anaglyph systems
Anaglyph 3D is the name given to the stereoscopic 3D effect
achieved by means of encoding each eye's image using filters
of different (usually chromatically opposite) colours, typically
red and cyan.Anaglyph 3D images contain two differently
filtered coloured images, one for each eye.

19. Chromadepth system
The ChromaDepth procedure ofAmerican Paper Optics is
based on the fact that with a prism, colours are separated by
varying degrees. The ChromaDepth eyeglasses contain special
view foils, which consist of microscopically small prisms.

20. Pulfrich method
The Pulfrich effect is based on the phenomenon of the human
eye processing images more slowly when there is less light,
as when looking through a dark lens. Because the Pulfrich
effect depends on motion in a particular direction to instigate
the illusion of depth, it is not useful as a general stereoscopic
technique.

21. 3D TV MANUFACTURERS
Some of the major 3d TV manufacturers are:
*Toshiba
*LG
*Philips
*Sony
*Samsung

22. SONY
*launched in 2010
LG
*launched in 2010
PHILIPS
*launched in 2011

23. SAMSUNG
*launched in 2011
TOSHIBA
*launched in 2010

24. APPLICATION OF 3D TV TECHNOLOGY
*In the field of medicine, education.
*Entertainment and gaming.
*Military and communication field.
*Richer, lifelike and entertaining experience than 2d TV for
home users.
*In engineering field for simulation and visualization.

25. DISADVANTAGES
*Greater 3d experience requires glasses to be worn while
viewing.
*No defined industry standard for 3d hardware, software and
TV components.
*High production and transportation costs of 3d video
information.
*Health problems may occur.

26. CONCLUSION
*Thus we have seen various technologies used for 3d imaging
and viewing.
*We also explained technology of 3d TV, discussed various
aspects and features of 3d TV.
*Another area of future research is precise colour reproduction
of natural scene on multi view displays.
*In future we will be able to touch and smell the objects being
projected from a screen to the viewers.