Full Report on TV Remote Jammer

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A
Project
Report On
TV REMOTE JAMMER
SUBMITTED BY
Miss. ASHWINI BARHATE
Miss. AKSA SHAIKH
Miss. SWATI SANGALE
Miss. SONAL BHARAMBE
GUIDE
PROF. S.R.AGRAWAL

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1. INTRODUCTION
In consumer electronics, are mote control is a component of an electronic device
such as a television set, DVD player, or other home appliance, used to operate the
device wirelessly from a short distance. Remote control is a convenience feature for
the consumer, and can allow operation of devices that are out of convenient reach for
direct operation of controls.TV remote jammer is basically a IR jammer. The fundamental
technology used in TV Remotes is Infrared light. By using this circuit you can prevent
anyone by changing the channel and can watch favorite channels without any
interruption The idea behind TV remote control jammer is sending a constant IR pulse
with the carrier frequency of the transmitter. Hence the result will be non-accepted
signal from the receiver and therefore no action will be taken. Generally Philips TV
remotes follows RC5 (Remote Control) protocol. This protocol was developed by
Philips in the late 1980s. According to this protocol, for each button, Remote transmits
14 bits .
Commonly, remote controls are Consumer IR devices which send digitally-coded
pulses of IR radiation to control functions such as power, volume, tuning, temperature set
point, fan speed, or other features. Remote controls for these devices are usually small
wireless handheld objects with an array of buttons for adjusting various settings such as
television channel, track number, and volume. For many devices, the remote control
contains all the function controls while the controlled device itself has only a handful of
essential primary controls.
1.1 Basic Principle
Basically the TV remote emits a sequence of pulses when you press a button. IR
transmitter is fixed to the surface of the TV remote. This IR transmitter emits the pulses
in unique configuration for each button.IR receiver which is arranged to TV will receive
these sequence of pulses that are transmitted by TV Remote and identifies which button
is pressed in TV remote.. Most of the TV remotes have 38KHz operating frequency. A
flood of IR beams in the same frequency can easily confuse the TV receiver and this is

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the operating principle of our jammer. The circuit is nothing but an astable multivibrator
based on NE555 IC. The output of NE55 is amplified using a PNP transistor SK100 to
drive the IR LEDs. Not only TV remotes, but any IR remotes operating in the 38KHz
frequency region can be also jammed by using this circuit. Not only TV remotes, but any
IR remotes operating in the 38 KHz frequency region can be also jammed by using this
circuit.
1.2 Purpose
The main purpose of this circuit is to jam the sensor of the TV receiver at a particular
frequency on a desired channel. As it jams the TV receiver, it prevents the IR receiver
from sensing any other signal from the TV remote. It will also allow the user to jam the
volume at a fixed range, to avoid irritation by loud noise and also prevents from turning
TV, ON or OFF by remote.
1.3 Scope
This project is about the design and application of TV remote jammer. The main
concept of this project is to develop a circuit to block the emerging signals from the TV
remote by producing pulses from the IR sensor connected to this circuit. By using the
same jamming concept other electronics appliances such as A.C, automatic door, remote
controlled fan can also be jammed. The future scope of this project can be implemented
by using a powerful IR diode such that it can be operated from a long distance.

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2. LITERATURE SURVEY
In 2013….A. R. Yrfanean
Modelling and Simulation of the Active Jammer
In this paper, it analyzes the jamming effect of the IR jammer signal to oppose the
crossed array detectors reticule seeker though the simulation. The simulation results show
that the jamming effect is greatly influenced by frequency, phase and intensity of the
jammer signal. Specially, the jammer frequency has the largest influence on the jamming
effect. The jammer frequency has to be more than a certain value to be able to affect the
seeking process. In addition to that, the jammer intensity has to be more than a certain
value related to the pulse position technique to be able to produce effective influence on
the seeker signals.
As a result the jammer has to be with appropriate parameters for influence the
guidance signals in a manner that the target will be pushed out of the field of view and be
missed, or causes an unstable situation in the seeking making the miss distance is so
large.
In 2010….Johan F. Blokker
Method and apparatus for jamming IR remote control
Infrared remote controls are commonly used in many electronic devices such as
televisions, video cassette recorders and audio stereo components and compact disc
players. At times two persons may have different opinions about what television channel
or entertainment unit is to be received. An example of this situations when one person
uses the remote control to change the TV channel continuously making it
uncomfortableto watch TV with them. These peoples are commonly called “channel
checkers”.

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Infrared remote controls use pulses of infrared light to transmit information
between electronic devices. Most such remote controls send the infrared pulse pattern
that represents the transmitted information twice. The receiving devices compare the two
pulse patterns to conform that the information was received correctly. If a difference is
detected, an error in the transmission is assumed and the transmitted information is
ignored.
In 2014(Nov-Dec)….Chirag Gupta, Nitin Gar
Analysis of Jammer Circuit…
The idea behind TV remote control jammer is sending a constant IR pulse with
the carrier frequency of the transmitter. Hence the result will be non-accepted signal
from the receiver and therefore no action will be taken. Basically the TV remote emits a
sequence of pulses when you press a button. IR transmitter is fixed to the surface of the
TV remote. This IR transmitter emits the pulses in unique configuration for each
button.IR receiver which is arranged to TV will receive these sequence of pulses that
are transmitted by TV Remote and identifies which button is pressed in TV remote.
In 2009….Eric B. Randall
Basics of jamming technology…
The disclosed device uses two timer circuits to create a train of digital pulses
similar to the pulses of a remote control. The first timer is designed to produce a pulsed
wave at the same frequency used in a modulated infrared transmission method. The
second timer reduces power consumption, which is particularly important fore hand-
held, battery powered device. Since the information transmitted by the remote control is
a long train of pulses only periodic interference is needed to cause sufficient errors to
disable the device.

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3. SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
3.1 Descriptionof Block in Project:
3.1.1 PowerSupply
Fig. 1 Power Supply
The first section is the TRANSFORMER. The transformer steps up or steps down
the input line voltage and isolates the power supply from the power line.
The RECTIFIER section converts the alternating current input signal to a pulsating direct
current. However, as you proceed in this chapter you will learn that pulsating dc is not
desirable. For this reason a FILTER section is used to convert pulsating dc to a purer,
more desirable form of dc voltage.
Block diagram of a basic power supply. the first section is transformer steps up or steps
down the input line voltage and isolates the power supply from the power line. The
RECTIFIER section converts the alternating current input signal to a pulsating direct
current. However, as you proceed in this chapter you will learn that pulsating dc is not
desirable. For this reason a FILTER section is used to convert pulsating dc to a purer,
more desirable form of dc voltage. Block diagram of a basic power supply. The final
section, the REGULATOR, does just what the name implies. It maintains the output of
the power supply at a constant level in spite of large changes in load current or input line

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voltages. Now that you know what each section does, let's trace an ac signal through the
power supply. At this point you need to see how this signal is altered within each section
of the power supply. Later on in the chapter you will see how these changes take place. In
view B of, an input signal of 115 volts ac is applied to the primary of the transformer.
The transformer is a step-up transformer with a turns ratio of 1:3. You can calculate the
output for this transformer by multiplying the input voltage by the ratio of turns in the
primary to the ratio of turns in the secondary; therefore, 115 volts ac 3 = 345 volts ac
(peak-to- peak) at the output. Because each diode in the rectifier section conducts for 180
degrees of the 360-degree input, the output of the rectifier will be one-half, or
approximately 173 volts of pulsating dc. The filter section, a network of resistors,
capacitors, or inductors, controls the rise and fall time of the varying signal;
consequently, the signal remains at a more constant dc level. You will see the filter
process more clearly in the discussion of the actual filter circuits. The output of the filter
is a signal of 110 volts dc, with ac ripple riding on the dc. The reason for the lower
voltage (average voltage) will be explained later in this chapter. The regulator maintains
its output.

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3.1.2 Circuit Diagram of Astable Multivibrator
Fig. 2 Circuit of Astable Multivibrator
Above figure shows the circuit diagram of a 555 Timer wired in Astable Mode. 8th pin
and 1st pin of the IC are used to give power, Vcc and GND respectively. The 4th pin is
RESET pin which is active low and is connected to Vcc to avoid accidental resets. 5th
pin is the Control Voltage pin which is not used. So to avoid high frequency noises it is
connected to a capacitor C’ whose other end is connected to ground. Usually C’ =
0.01μF. The Trigger (pin 2) and Threshold (pin 6) inputs are connected to the capacitor
which determines the output of the timer. Discharge pin (pin 7) is connected to the
resistor Rb such that the capacitor can discharge through Rb. Diode D connected in
parallel to Rb is only used when an output of duty cycle less than or equal.
An Astable Multivibrator is an oscillator circuit that continuously produces rectangular
wave without the aid of external triggering. So Astable Multivibrator is also known as
Free Running Multivibrator. I have already posted about Astable Multivibrator using

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Transistors. Astable Multivibrator using 555 Timer is very simple, easy to design, very
stable and low cost. It can be used for timing from microseconds to hours. Due to these
reasons 555 has a large number of applications and it is a popular IC among
electronics hobbyists. To 50% is required. For the sake of explain the working
Output Waveform
Fig. 3 Output Waveform
Design of Astable Multivibrator
Capacitor charges up to 2/3Vcc (the upper comparator limit) which is determined by
the 0.693(R1+R2)C combination and discharges itself down to 1/3Vcc (the lower
comparator limit) determined by the 0.693(R2.C) combination. This results in an output
waveform whose voltage level is approximately equal to Vcc – 1.5V and whose output
“ON” and “OFF” time periods are determined by the capacitor and resistors
combinations. The individual times required to complete one charge and discharge cycle
of the output is therefore given as:

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Astable 555 Oscillator Charge and Discharge Times
Where, R is in Ω’s and C in Farads.
When connected as an astable multivibrator, the output from the 555 Oscillator will
continue indefinitely charging and discharging between 2/3Vcc and 1/3Vcc until the
power supply is removed. As with the monostable multivibrator these charge and
discharge times and therefore the frequency are independent on the supply voltage. The
duration of one full timing cycle is therefore equal to the sum of the two individual times
that the capacitor charges and discharges added together and is given as:
1. 555 Oscillator Cycle Time
The output frequency of oscillations can be found by inverting the equation above
for the total cycle time giving a final equation for the output frequency of an Astable 555
Oscillator as:
2. 555 Oscillator Frequency Equation
By altering the time constant of just one of the RC combinations, the Duty Cycle
better known as the “Mark-to-Space” ratio of the output waveform can be accurately set
and is given as the ratio of resistor R2 to resistor R1. The Duty Cycle for the 555
Oscillator, which is the ratio of the “ON” time divided by the “OFF” time is given by:

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3. 555 Oscillator Duty Cycle
The duty cycle has no units as it is a ratio but can be expressed as a percentage ( % ).
If both timing resistors, R1 and R2 are equal in value, then the output duty cycle will be
2:1 that is, 66% ON time and 33% OFF time with respect to the period.
Working Principle Diagram
Fig. 4 Principle Diagram of IC555
Figure above shows an astable multivibrator implemented using the 555 IC together with
an external resistor RA , RB and an external capacitor C.

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 When the circuit is switched ON, the capacitor (C) voltage will be less than 1/3
Vcc. So the output of the lower comparator will be HIGH and of the higher
comparator will be LOW. This SETs the output of the SR Flip-flop.
 Thus the discharging transistor will be OFF and the capacitor C starts charging
from Vcc through resistor Ra & Rb.
 When the capacitor voltage will become greater than 1/3 Vcc ( less than 2/3 Vcc
), the output of both comparators will be LOW and the output of SR Flip-flop will
be same as the previous condition. Thus the capacitor continuous to charge.
 When the capacitor voltage will becomes slightly greater than 2/3 Vcc the output
of the higher comparator will be HIGH and of lower comparator will be LOW.
This resets the SR Flip-flop.
 Thus the discharging transistor turns ON and the capacitor starts discharging
through resistor Rb.
 Soon the capacitor voltage will be less than 2/3 Vcc and output of both
comparators will be LOW. So the output of the SR Flip-flop will be the previous
state
 So the discharging of capacitor continuous.
 When the capacitor voltage will become less than 1/3 Vcc, the output SETs since
the output of lower comparator is HIGH and of higher comparator is LOW and
the capacitor starts charging again
 This process continuous and a rectangular wave will be obtained at the output.
 But we can also connect the 555 timer IC in an Astable mode to produce a very
stable 555 Oscillator circuit for generating highly accurate free running
waveforms whose output frequency can be adjusted by means of an externally
connected RC tank circuit consisting of just two resistors and a capacitor.
 The 555 Oscillator is another type of relaxation oscillator for generating stabilized
square wave output waveforms of either a fixed frequency of up to 500 kHz or of
varying duty cycles from 50 to 100%. In the previous 555 Timer tutorial we saw
that the Monostable circuit produces a single output one-shot pulse when
triggered on its pin 2 trigger input.

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 Whereas the 555 monostable circuit stopped after a preset time waiting for the
next trigger pulse to start over again, in order to get the 555 Oscillator to operate
as an astable multivibrator it is necessary to continuously re-trigger the 555 IC
after each and every timing cycle.
 This re-triggering is basically achieved by connecting the trigger input (pin 2) and
the threshold input (pin 6) together, thereby allowing the device to act as an
astable oscillator.. Also the single timing resistor of the previous monostable
multivibrator circuit has been split into two separate resistors, R1 and R2 with
their junction connected to the discharge input (pin 7) as shown below.
3.2 Circuit Diagram of TV Remote Jammer Using IC 555
Fig.5 Circuit Diagram of TV Remote Jammer Using IC 555
3.2.1 TV Remote Control Jammer Circuit Principle:
The idea behind TV remote control jammer is sending a constant IR pulse with the carrier
frequency of the transmitter. Hence the result will be non-accepted signal from the
receiver and therefore no action will be taken.

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Basically the TV remote emits a sequence of pulses when you press a button. IR
transmitter is fixed to the surface of the TV remote. This IR transmitter emits the pulses
in unique configuration for each button.
IR receiver which is arranged to TV will receive these sequences of pulses that are
transmitted by TV Remote and identify which button is pressed in TV remote.
Generally Philips TV remotes follows RC5 (Remote Control) protocol. This protocol was
developed by Philips in the late 1980s. According to this protocol, for each button,
Remote transmits 14 bits. The below figure shows the frame format of RC5 protocol.
RC-5 Frame Format
The first two pulses are start bits, and both are logic 1.
The 3rd bit is toggle bit. This bit toggled every time when a button is pressed or released.
Using this bit, we can identify weather the button is pressed or not.
The next 5 bits represent the device address. Bit 4 is the MSB of the device address and
bit 8 is the LSB of the device.
Last six bits in the frame format are command bits. These command bits varies for each
button in the remote. Using these command bits, we can identify which button is pressed
in IR remote.

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4. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
4.1 Power Supply Design
Power is the first and the most important part of our Project.For
our project we require +9 V power supply with current rating 1mA.
Fig.6 Power Supply Design
This is a circuit of a 9V power supply using LM7809 IC. LM7809 is a famous IC
with many features like, output current 1mA, fixed output voltage 5 volt to 9 volt,
thermal shutdown, current limiting etc. The circuit uses a 16V output transformer from
230V mains.

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4.2 Component List
Part Value
Resistor’s 1/4 Watt 5%
R1 1K -Brown, Black, Red, Gold
R2 470 – yellow, violet, brown, gold
R3 1.5K – Brown, Green, Red, Gold
R4 220 – Red, Red, brown, gold
Capacitor’s
C1, C2 10nF – Polyester or Ceramic Capacitor
C3* Add a 100nF bypass capacitor in parallel with the 9-volt battery
Semiconductors
IC1
555 – Integrated circuit timer, can be NE555, LM555 or other
prefix
2N3906 Q1
LED1, LED2 Infrared LEDs used in remote controls
Several
P1 pot of 4.7K
Printed circuit board, 9v battery, battery clip, wires, soldering, box, etc.

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4.3 Photo of Project
Fig. 7 Photo of Project

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5. SYSTEM TESTING
Install the circuit...
I hot glued the circuit inside the remote control. I also had to remove 2 posts to make
room for the 9 volt battery. Tape down the LED's near the existing LED. I used the
existing switch on the remote and wired my 9 volt battery to it.
1. I tapped into this switch for my power
2. The 2 new IR LED's taped down
3. Jammer circuit with 9 volt battery
Test it out
You may have to tinker with the 10k pot to get the frequency right for the device you are
targeting. Adjust the pot while the remote is 'on' and test it with the original
remote until the jammer confuses the device. Now, just pull out the remote whenever you
need to take control of your device and no one will have any idea what's going
on. You can bring this to a friends house and drive them nuts! Have fun, be safe!
1. 10k variable resistor needs to be adjusted to obtain the correct frequency.
2. Power switch wiring that goes to the remote switch
How Does it Work?
This is a pretty simple concept. When you press a button on a remote control for a TV,
stereo or other IR device, it creates a series of pulses which the receiver in the
target device; in this example, a TV, decodes into the corresponding function. This
frequency is around 35-40 kHz. To confuse the receiver, this jammer sends out a steady
stream of binary code (1's an 0's) at the same frequency, but contains no information to
decode. The receiver basically sits there and does not respond at all and the real
information cannot get through to it as long as the jammer is on. Voila! You've 'jammed'
your TV remote.

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6. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
TV Remote Control Jammer Circuit Advantages:
1. We can use this circuit to jam the remote signals so that the other people cannot
change the channel while watching our favorite program on TV.
2. It will not affect the signal receiving capacity of the TV.
Limitations of the Circuit:
 The circuit should be tuned correctly to 38 KHz frequency to get accurate result.

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7. CONCLUSION
7.1 Conclusion
TV remote jammer circuits have both advantages and disadvantages, these can be
considered as good and bad both depending on the signal intended to be jammed. Simple
jammer circuits can be pretty easily constructed; however subtle circuit can be made for
higher requirements
7.2 Future Scope
Sling Media struck it big by simplifying a process that has been around for a
while, but mostly in high-tech circles. There are free downloads available, like Video
LAN, that let you stream any video signal (as well as pictures and music) from your
home PC over the Internet, but these applications typically require a host PC along with a
deeper level of technological expertise than the general public is comfortable with. The
Sling box offers place shifting functionality in a device that's about as complicated to set
up as a cable box and doesn't require a host computer. Sling box is flying off the shelves
because it makes remote viewing accessible to the masses.
Sony's Location Free TV is a comparable product it's $200 and it has very similar
functionality. In addition to computers, Location Free TV also directs a video signal to a
PSP. TiVo Desktop lets you watch your pre-recorded TiVo programs on your PC,
Internet-connected laptop or a wide selection of handheld media players. If you have a
TiVo Series 2 box or a TiVo HD DVR and you don't need to watch a show in real-time,
this could be a good way to go -- there's no additional hardware or service fees involved.
There are also some free downloads out there, such as Orb and Video LAN, that
let you watch your TV programming from a computer. Video LAN is combination media
player/server that supports both Linux and Mac OS in addition to Windows machines,
and Orb can stream content to Web-enabled smart phones and PDAs in addition to
computers.

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To stay ahead of the competition, Sling Media is in constant upgrade mode. Sling
Media offers an HD version of Sling box. The Solo and PRO models can accept HD
content, but they both down-convert the signal into a standard definition format before
streaming it to your device. Only the Sling box PRO-HD can stream HD content to other
devices.
The big issue right now surrounding "place shifting" TV is about copyright and
digital rights issues. Like the music and motion-picture industries, the TV industry is
concerned that people are going to be able to access their product for free. In the case of
Sling box, it's not just a concern about one person subscribing to HBO and giving their
friends their Sling box access codes so they can watch "Rome" without paying for it. The
spatial nature of TV licensing adds another dimension to the risk. TV stations typically
purchase program rights for a specific region, so "place shifting" the TV signal infringes
on regional access rights for certain shows. Sling Media says it's observing copyright and
digital media laws because the Sling box is a one-to-one transmission device. Sling box
owners can't broadcast a show to everyone they know. Only one person can access a
Sling box at a time, and if the device is used properly, only the person who pays for the
programming can watch it. Only time will tell whether the TV industry will accept place
shifting technology like it ultimately accepted the "time shifting" capabilities of TiVo and
other DVRs. For more information on Sling box and related topics, check out the links on
the next page. Sling Catching Sling boxes aren't the only products in Sling Media's
arsenal. They also offer the Sling Catcher, a device that can send content from the
Internet (or a Sling box) to a television connected to the device. Think of it as a Sling box
in reverse.

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REFERENCES
[1] Ahmad Hijazi, GSM-900 Mobile Jammer
[2] Vijay S Kamble,Mrs, Archna Wasule,Dilip S Kale, Mrs.Neema Shikha, Antenna for
mobile phone jammer, First international on Emerging Trends in Engineering &
Technology, ICETET‟ 08, 16-18 July 2008 Pp 856-859.
[3] Daniel S. V. Araujo, Jose C.A. Santos, Mauricio H.C. Cias, A dual band steerable
Cell Phone jammer, Microwave and Optoelectronic conference 2007 IMOC -
2007,SBMO/IEEE MTT-S, Oct29-Nov 2007 pp 611-615.
[4] Mobile & Personal Communications Committee of the Radio Advisor Board of
Canada, Use of jammer and disabler Devices for blocking PCS, www.rabc. Ottawa. on.ca
[5] Braun,T.;carle,G.; Koucheryavy,Y.; Tsaoussids, V.; Wired/Wireless Internet
Communication, Third International Conference, WWIC 2005,Xanthi, Greece
[6] http://tcil-india.com/new/White%20 Papers.htm
[7] Theodore S Rapport, Wireless Communication, Second edition, Pearson Education
[8] http://pt.com/page/tutorials/gsm-tutorial
[9] http://datasheets.maxim-ic.com/en/ds/ MAX2361-2365.pdf
[10] http://www.antennafactor.com/documents/ ANT-916-PW- t.pdf
[11] K.D. Prasad, Antenna & Wave Propagation, Satya Prakashan,
[12] http://www.electronics-manufacturers.com/products/rfmicrowaveomponents/antenna