How to convert waste water into drinking water. There are some technology are given and the time line of projects. If any one wants it's synopsis report contact me on 9628656548 whatsapp

1. Recycling Wastewater into Drinking water

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. STUDY AREA
3. RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS
4. CHARACTERISTIC OF WASTE WATER
5. TREATMENT PROCESS
6. STATUS OF PROJECT
7. TIMELINE OF PROJECT
8. REFERENCE
1. Introduction
2. Objectives of the study
3. Research methodology
4. Literature Review

3. INTRODUCTION
 Sewage Treatment Plant is a facility designed to receive the waste from domestic,
commercial and industrial sources and to remove materials that damage water quality and
compromise public health and safety when discharged into water receiving systems. It
includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove various contaminants
depending on its constituents. Using advanced technology it is now possible to re-use
sewage effluent for drinking water.
 This study comprises on quality of waste water that is discharged from the peoples of
Lucknow, through the Industries, kitchen outlets and bathroom effluents. The study
includes characterization tests for waste water during converting in drinking water.

4. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
 The principal objective of project is convert the waste water into drinking water
without using the rivers.

5. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
 Sewage first goes through advanced primary treatment in which water is separated from
large particles, then enters sedimentation tanks where chemicals are used to make primary
sludge settle to the bottom and scum rise to the top. Once the water is separated out, 80%
of the solids have been removed, and the wastewater is clean enough to be discharged to
the ocean.
 In secondary treatment, bacteria are added to the wastewater to ingest organic solids,
producing secondary sludge that settles to the bottom.
 Tertiary treatment filters the water to remove whatever solids remain, disinfects it with
chlorine, and removes the salt. This is called ‘recycle water’ and can be used for irrigation
or industry.

6. TO BE CONTINUE.
 For Indirect portable reuse Recycled water that eventually becomes drinking water-
tertiary treated water undergoes advanced water technology, then spends time in groundwater or
surface water, such as a reservoir, before being sent to drinking water supplies. Advanced water
technology first involves “Microfiltaration” that strains out any remaining solids.
 Next, “Reverse Osmosis”which applies pressure to water on one side of a membrane allowing
pure water to pass through, eliminates viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and pharmaceuticals. The
water is then disinfected by ultra violet light or ozone and hydrogen peroxide.
 Finally it is added to groundwater or surface water reservoirs where it stays for an average of 6
months to be further purified by natural processes. ( this is done mainly to assuage public
anxiety about drinking recycled water.) once drawn from the groundwater or reservoir, the
recycled goes through the standard water purification process all drinking water.

7. STUDY AREA
 Achievement of a safe and healthful workplace is the responsibility of an organization, the
people residing in the place and the workers who are given the charge to protect the environment.
Waste disposal and minimization and pollution prevention should be the preferred approach.
Stringent penalties for the improper disposal of wastes should be adopted.
 Lucknow is one of the most significant industrial hubs in the state of Uttar Pradesh.it has got an
PTC industries,united steel industries and Prag group of industries
 SRM University Lucknow is one of the most important educational institutes in the state of
Uttar Pradesh which has a large number of people residing in its campus, a number of laboratories
of various departments, residential units, academic blocks and number of hostels for the students
studying here.

8. THE MAIN REASON BEHIND THE PROJECT
 Out of the total geographical area of India , almost one sixth area with 12% of the population is
facing the problem of disease due to water contain impurities.
 In the past, droughts have periodically led to major Indian famines, including the Bengal famine
of 1770, in which up to one third of the population in affected areas died, the 1876-1877 famine,
in which over 5 million people died; and the 1899 famine, in which over 4.5 million died.
 INDIA DROUGHT REGION-
 Maharashtra, Odisha, Telangana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, uttar pradesh, jharkhand,
karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh.

9. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF WASTE WATER
• Odour: waste water which contains toxic substances has pungent smell which makes it easy to
distinguish..
• The odour intensity is done by threshold odour test.
• Taste: The sense of taste result mainly from chemical stimulation of sensory nerve endings in
tongue.
• Color: Present due to dissolved organic matter from decaying vegetation inorganic material
• The color is greyish and brown shows fresh sewage.
• The color of stale and septic sewage is black.

10. CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF WASTE WATER
 Total solids : Solid contain 99.9% water and 0.01% solid in waste.
 PH- It measure a hydrogen ion concentration.
pH=-log[H+]
• PH range 0 to 7 for acidic.
• 7 for natural water.
• Greater than 7 to 14 for alkaline.
• For drinking water =6.5 to7.5.
 Conductivity: Due to presence of dissolved salts such as sodium,potassium,calcium.pure water
itself does not conduct electricity.
 Fluoride-It is dissolved form of rocks.it is necessary for teeth and bones.
 Nitrogen: Presence of nitrogen in water indicate pollution due to organic matter.

11.  Alkalinity- Measure of capacity of water to neutralize acids.
• Major contributor to alkalinity-
• Hydroxide
• Carbonates
• Bicarbonates.
 Hardness-It is less amount of lather form.calcium and magnesium are major contribution of
hardness.
 Chloride-The presence of high quantity of chloride indicate fical pollution.
 Dissolved oxygen: Two sources of DO in water are-
• Defusion of oxygen from atmosphere.
• Oxygen produce due to photosynthesis by aquatic plant such as algae.

12.  Floatables- Amount of floatable material in the waste.
• Two general types of floating matters are found-
• Particulate matters like 'grease balls'
• Liquid component capable of spreading as thin visible film over large areas.
• It is important because it accumulates on the surface and may contain pathogenic bacteria and viruses.
 Turbidity: Clarity of water is important in producing products destined for human consumption and
in many manufacturing uses. It is caused by
• Suspended matter such as clay, silt, finely divided organic and inorganic matter, soluble colored
organic compounds.
• The standard method for determination of turbidity has been based on the Jackson candle turbidimeter
and Nephlometer.

13. BOD AND COD OF WASTE WATER
 Biochemical oxygen demand(BOD)
• The amount of oxygen required to carry out the decomposition of biodegradable oganic matter
present in water is refered as BOD.
• The BOD of drinking waecalter should be zero.
 Chemical oxygen demand (COD)
• The total amount of oxygen required to dicompose biodegradable and non biodegradable organic
matter is termed as COD.
• The ratio of COD to BOD always greater than 1.

14. TREATMENT PROCESS

15. PRIMARY TREATMENT
• The primary treatment removes 60-70% of suspended solids present in sewage and 30-40%
of BOD.
• Operation common to primary system of waste water treatment plants are describes below
• Screening
• Grit chamber
• Sedimentation

16. SCREENING
• It is done for the removal of inorganic matter present in waste water.
• Mainly larger size inorganic substance is remove.
• Suspended inorganic matter like sand,silt,debis and glass.

17. SCREENING PROCESS

18. GRIT CHAMBER
• Suspended inorganic matter like sand,silt,debis and glass.
• It consist type 1 setteling.
• It is design in the form of long narrow channel which may either have rectangular cross
section or parabolic cross section.

20. SEDIMENTATION TANK
 Raw sewage contains a lot of insoluble suspended Sedimentation Tanks matter which can
be settled in properly designed sedimentation tanks of which there are two types upward
flow and horizontal flow.

21. SECONDARY TREATMENT
• The biological decomposition is complised either by the either by ATTACHED GROWTH
SYSTEM or by SUSPENDED GROWTH SYSTEM.
• The effluent from the primary sedimentation tank contain about 60-80% of the unstable
organic matter originally present in sewage.
• Trickling filters
• Rotatory Biological contactor.
• Activated sludge process
• Oxidation Ditch / Aeration lagoon
• UASBR-UPFLOW ANEAROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET REACTORE

22. UASBR
• This process is suitable for all kinds of wastewater including domestic. The UASB
maintains a cushion of active sludge suspended on the lower part of the digestor and uses
this sludge blanket directly as filter medium. The sludge blanket is kept in place
by the equilibrium formed between the upstream velocity and settling speed of the
sludge.
• Both greywater and blackwater can be flushed through the system
• Low land requirement
• Moderate operation and maintenance required.

23. ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS
• The preliminary treatment removes coarse solids and grease and primary settling allows
further removal of solids. It is in the Aeration tank that micro - organisms use
oxygen to breakdown organic pollutants. Flocs are formed which settle in clarifier
forming a sludge layer that is then disposed in drying beds etc. at a sludge disposal site.
• Treatment efficiency 95% BOD removed
• 90% Suspended Solids removed

24. POND
• In aerobic stabilization ponds the organic matter causing pollution is consumed by
biologicalorganisms that need oxygen in proportion to the amount of organic matter
removed. Oxygen is supplied in these ponds by a growth of algae, which is dependent on
photosynthesis.
• 82% BOD removal rates
• Upto 97% BOD removal rates in multiple pond systems
• 78% COD removal rates
• pathogen removal 95%

25. TERTIARY TREATMENT
Tertiary treatment is the final cleaning process that improves wastewater quality before it is
reduce , recycled or discharged to environment. The treatment removes remaining inorganic
compounds ,and substances , such as the nitrogen and phosphorus.

26. DATA OF BHARWARA SWEAGE TREATMENT PLANT

27. Present status of the development of the project
DECIDING THE STUDY
AREA
STUDY OF BEST
METHODOLY USED FOR
SEWAGE TREATMENT
COLLECTION OF
SEWAGE
SAMPLE
COMPARION
OF STUDY WITH
STANDARD
DATA
TERTIARY
TREATMENT
STUDY IS IN
PROCESS……..

28. TIMELINE OF THE PROJECT
AUGEST
• TOPIC DECIDE
AND
UNDERSTANDING
THE PROJECT
SEPTEMBER
• COLLECTION
DATA FOR
LITERATURE
STUDY
OCTOBER
• MAKING
SYNOPSIS AND
PRESENTATION
APRIL
• SUBMISSSION OF THE
PROJECT
FEBRUARY TO MARCH
• COVERTING AND
TESTING OF DRINKING
WATER CHARACTERISTIC
NOVEMBER TO JANUARY
• COMPARISONOF WASTE
WATER SAMPLEWITH
STANDARD DATA

29. REFERENCES
• ORHON.D. ATES. E., SOZEN. S. , 1997 : CHARACTERIZATION AND COD FRACTIONATION
OF DOMESTIC WASTE WATER, ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 95(2), 191 - 204
• GERARD KIELY, 2007 , ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
• Thesis of IIT RURKEE HOSTEL sweage treatment plant.
• KHANNA PUBLISHER, GARG S.K. , 1976 : ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING - (2010
edition)
• IS: 3025 (PART 10) – 1984 METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TEST (PHYSICAL AND
CHEMICAL) FOR WATER AND WASTE WATER PART 10 - TURBIDITY.