Dissertation report

1. LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE IN INDIAN VINEYARD
: SCOPE FOR HERITAGE
Dissertation submitted to
Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur
in fulfillment of requirement for the award of
degree of
B. ARCH
by
Arunima KT
Guide
Dr. Amit Wahurwagh
Department of Architecture & Planning
Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology
Nagpur 440 010 (India)
May 2017

2. ARCHITECTURE DISSERTATION 2016-17
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE IN INDIAN VINEYARD
: SCOPE FOR HERITAGE
by
Arunima KT
Guide
Dr. Amit Wahurwagh

3. Declaration
I, hereby declare that the dissertation titled “ landscape architecture in Indian vineyard :
Scope for heritage” submitted herein has been carried out by me in the Department of
Architecture & Planning of Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur. The work
is original and has not been submitted earlier as a whole or in part for the award of any degree
/ diploma at this or any other Institution / University.
Arunima KT
Date:

4. Certificate
The Dissertation titled “landscape architecture in Indian vineyard : Scope for
heritage” submitted by Arunima KT for the award of degree of B. Arch, has been carried
out under my supervision at the Department of Architecture & Planning of Visvesvaraya
National Institute of Technology, Nagpur. The work is comprehensive, complete and fit for
evaluation.
Dr. Amit Wahurwagh
Professor,
Department of Architecture & Planning,
VNIT, Nagpur
Forwarded by –
Head, Department of Architecture & Planning
VNIT, Nagpur
Date:

5. Acknowledgement
This research is a culmination of the help,guidance and above all love of many people with
whom I have been associated over this period.
I extent my gratitude towards Head of the department ,Dr. Vinayak S Adane and dissertation
coordinator prof. Amit Deshmukh.
I would like to Thank Dr. Amit Wahurwagh for being my guide.knowing him and working
under his guidance has been enriching experience .His patience ,constructive criticism and
excellent eye for details have provided a strong base to this study
I take this opportunity to convey my heartiest thanks to my family and friends .they have
provided immense mental support and strength through out this research
At last, I thank all those who have helped me directly and indirectly in completion of this
dissertation successfully .

6. T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
Title Page
Declaration
Certificate of Approval
Acknowledgement
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Need of the thesis topic/ research
1.3 Thesis Outline
1.4.1 Aim
1.4.2 Objectives
1.4.3 Methodology of the study/research ( In text/flow chart)
1.4.4 Scopeand of the study/ research
1.4.5 Limitations of the study/research
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction to the Chapter
2.2 History of Indian Vineyards
2.3 Major wine regions of India
CHAPTER 3: DESIGNING THE FRAMEWORK
3.1 World heritage site: The criteria for selection
3.2 Cultural heritage landscape in India : The rock shelters of Bhimbetka
3.3 Criteria for the identification of cultural heritage landscapes
CHAPTER 4 : INDIAN VINEYARDS AND WINERIES
4.1 Indage wines (chateau indage)
4.2 Grover vineyards
4.3 Sula vineyards
CHAPTER 5 : CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 6 : REFERENCES

7. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION:
Landscapes are defined and manipulated in response to human desires. Humankind has
cultivated landscapes to work for them, to become productive machines. Vineyards are
perhaps one of the most attractive and recognizable productive landscapes.Landscape
architecture has a long history of engagement with heritage. Design practice frequently hones
in on the expression of narrative associated with the site to reflect, or promote, a sense of
place. However, heritage is a cultural construct, a version of the past created by people to serve
their needs in the present. Because it is invented by people it is always contestable; what is
significant and valued by one group of people will not be so by others. Additionally, in relation
to landscape there is a tendency to think only of built forms, material objects, historical
narratives associated with place and scenic qualities as heritage concerns. Intangible heritage
such as traditional practices, activities, art and story may be more important than material
heritage. At present 28 sites of India are inscribed under world heritage list. This dissertation
is a analytic survey to find the scope for heritage declaration in culture vineyards landscapes
of India .
1.2 NEED OF THE PROJECT
▪ To protect the eye candy rural setup from human encroachment .
▪ To protect the flora and fauna of the ecological landscape.
▪ To conserve the tradition viticulture and landscape techniques for the coming generation.
1.3 THESIS OUTLINE
1.3.1 AIM:
To closely examine the landscape architecture of Indian vineyards and compare them
according to the criteria of heritage to find the scope of heritage declaration.
1.3.2 OBJECTIVES:
▪ To understand the criteria for the evaluation of landscape as heritage through examples of
existing world heritage landscapes.
▪ To study the unique combination of topographic, environmental and climatic conditions
which lead to the landscape development of Indian vineyards
▪ Identifying Existing Site Conditions by conducting site inventory.
▪ To analyze the scope of heritage in the cultural landscape of Indian vineyards
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8. 1.3.3 METHODOLOGY:
Stage 1 : Designing the Framework(through literature review, UNESCO criteria and
guideline
formulated by Indian heritage agencies such as ASI, INTACH)
Stage 2 : Developing Written Criteria for the Identification of Cultural Heritage Landscapes
Stage 3 : Current State Analysis: (site inventory)
Stage 4 : summering the scope of heritage declaration .
1.3.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
▪ To learn landscape architecture of vineyards in tropical climate
▪ To trace the history of grape cultivation in India
▪ To understand the topography ,climate ,culture and other feature that plays an important
role in this picturesque vineyards
1.3.5 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT:
▪ UNESCO criteria are biased towards European and north American countries.
▪ Lack of proper criteria for declaration of heritage under ASI , archaeological survey of
India
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9. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Cultural Landscapes can be defined as a setting which has enhanced a community's vibrancy,
aesthetic quality, distinctiveness, sense of history or sense of place. According to United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage
Committee There exist a great variety of Landscapes that are representative of the different
regions of the world. Combined works of nature and humankind, they express a long and
intimate relationship between peoples and their natural environment.
According to department of landscape architecture , Illinois
Cultural Landscapes in India embody heritage - natural and cultural - and are both subject and
setting of intangible heritage. The projects are grounded in field studies of historic sites and
vernacular landscapes around them. They are speculative exercises in reading the past in the
present and envisioning a sustainable future.
It has been noticed that in many countries wine is simultaneously an expression of the culture
of a territory and a reservoir of traditions rooted in antiquity. It identifies a local community
and its identity. Wine is also a part of the heritage of a place. It is especially closer to it when it
is identified by quality labels and brands that protect its identity and depend on the territory in
which it is produced
While it may seem that Wine making in India is only just picking up, some say that Wine has
been made in India for many thousands of years, in fact believe it or not close to 5,000 years
according to some Vedic scriptures .Unlike other wine regions in world ,Vineyards of India are
growth in tropical climate and exhibits quiet different viticulture. lots of landscape architecture
lessons can be learned from the these vineyards.They are also rich in culture and showcase
traditional wine making techniques .One can also witness influence of french and European
domain of viticulture and taste the perfectly blend wines of India.
The vineyard is an instantly eye catching sight, impressive even from a distance. It is also a
complex space that is important for the sharing of information on the product itself as well as
encouraging a broader interaction between people, simply on account of the setting. This
makes designing a vineyard-defined space different from designing any other space, in a way
that it maintains its connection with nature, culture and taste, making it a space that must be
designed in a way that it stimulates one’s senses.
These unique and beautiful landscapes are characterized by their distinctive site planning,
unique micro-climates and an understanding of the terroir of the land. However,The aesthetic
values that link site and terroir to create an overall vineyard experience are now-ever days
promoted through tourism.this eventually lead to human hampering and encroachment in these
picturesque rural setup .Recognition at least at regional or state level will spread awareness
to protect and conserve the beautiful landscape and the culture and tradition of wine making
.The intention of this dissertation is to analysis Indian vineyards for scope of such recognition
.Research for this dissertation extends across a variety of disciplines including tourism,
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10. architecture ,history, heritage, culture and tradition viticulture and agriculture to bring relevant
knowledge into the realm of landscape architecture.
2.2 HISTORY OF INDIAN VINEYARD
The grape vine was probably introduced into north west India from Persia as early as 2500 BC
- in the Vedic texts two drinks are mentioned: Soma and Sura; later historical works (notably
Kautilya's Arthashastra - c. 300 BC) mentions Madhu (wine) of various kinds and qualities -
some home brewed.
Down the centuries wine has been the drink of the Kshatriyas (warrior castes) - along with
beer and spirits prepared from wheat/maize/barley in the north and rice/paddy in the northeast
and south, and many of the royal Rajput Maharajas had their own, closely-guarded recipes for
alcoholic drinks - for example Asha from Udaipur, Kasturi from Jodhpur, and Jagmohan &
Manmohan from Kishengarh.
The Mughal emperors maintained extensive vineyards in the Deccan (Hyderabad); with the
advent of the British in the 19th century local industry may have been revived (Indian wines
were exhibited at the Great Calcutta Exhibition of 1884) but most vineyards were practically
wiped out by the devastation of phylloxera in the 1890s.
Medieval painting giving a schematic context of
Mughal landscape architecture and Vineyards
(Source: Of mughals and othe tipplers, by Abhay
Khewadkar)
Local and table grapes continued to be produced,
notably for conversion into raisins - but cultivation
of grape wines and wine production never got going
- in part due to the strongly puritanical Gandhian
philosophy of abstinence prevalent in the first half of
the 20th century.
In post-Independence India (1947) the 'directive
principles' of the Indian Constitution continued to
discourage the consumption of alcoholic beverages
and imports were severely discouraged; the mid-
1970s saw all licensing (including that of alcoholic Mughal pricecess with companions and wine
( source : TheWineStalker.net) 4

11. beverages) being brought under control of the Central Government and prohibition being
imposed throughout the country.
Despite these constraints, wine-making continued in Goa using the 'Bangalore Blue' grape to
make cheap 'port-style' wines; in the early 1970s Shaw Wallace set up a winery at Hyderabad
for its 'Golconda' range (using locally-grown indigenous grapes), while the UB Group started a
winery at Baramati in collaboration with Bosca of Italy .
It was only from the 1980s when the government started giving support to the development of
vineyards (principally that of table grapes for export) that Indage (Champagne India) came up
with the first winery at Narayangaon (on the Pune - Nashik road) ; subsequently Grover
Vineyards were established near Bangalore in early 1990s, and Sula Vineyards started by 1999
near Nashik.
However, it is really only in the last two years that wine consumption has taken off: in 2001
the government liberalised the import of all alcohol beverages - despite steep (200%+ )
customs duties, this has nevertheless catalysed the import of wines, and in Mumbai today over
100 labels are now available on retail shelves.
Local wine production is also set to grow rapidly: a number of initiatives in Maharshtra have
given birth to several wineries (some set up by grape farmers themselves); Karnataka has a
new Wine Policy on the anvil; and a National Wine Board and a Wine Institute are in the
offing to give further impetus to the industry.
2.3 MAJOR WINE REGIONS OF INDIA
There are six main wine regions in India of which only four are actively producing wine at the
present time.
Deccan Plateau
This is the powerhouse for the current production
of Indian wines, and can be conveniently divided
into three sub-regions.
The northern part is centred on the town of Nashik
(or Nasik), and is where most of the new wineries
have established themselves. This trend has been
fostered by the creation of the Nashik Wine Park
which offers small producers the ability to share
facilities as well as receive a number of tax and
duty reliefs. The major producer in the north is
Sula Wines.
The central sub-region extends from Narayangaon
through Pune to Baramati and is home to two
important wine producers – Chateau
Indage and Four Seasons Wines.
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12. The southern sub-region spans parts of Maharashtra and Karnataka with wine production being
centred around Sangli and Bijapur. The Krishna Valley Wine Park has been established near
Sangli, along similar lines to the Nashik Wine Park, in an effort to assist and encourage
smaller producers.
Error!
Nandi Hills
just 45 km north of Bangalore, lies the Nandi Hills,
which in the 18th century hosted the summer palace
of Tipu Sultan and during the 19th century became
a summer retreat for officials of the British
Raj. The latest wave of visitors seeking to benefit
from a cooler climate in southern India are
viticulturalists. They are keen to find sites where
wine grape varieties can ripen slowly and fully
develop their constituent fruit flavours without
becoming baked.
Leading the search has been Kanwal Grover who founded Grover Vineyards in 1988. They
have some 160ha of French varietals and have produced some of India’s best wines to
date. Other growers have started to exploit the region’s natural attributes and we can expect to
see expect to see more growers and winemakers moving into this region in the future.

13. Nandi Hills Climate
The temperature of the Nandi Hills wine region is warm enough for grape vines to be able to
grow all year round, and farmers have previously experimented with taking two harvests of
table grapes in a single year. This may not be desirable for wine grapes and the rainy season
from May to September makes this impractical.
Pruning takes place either side of the rainy season in May and early November. Vines are VSP
trained with a series of supporting wires. The main growing season lasts from November until
harvest which could be as late as April but which in 2009 took place in February. The
temperature profile during this growing period is quite different to that which occurs in a
vineyard during the growing period in the more traditional and cooler wine growing regions of
the world. Whether this contributes to differences in the overall grape quality or in ratios of
major grape constituents is unclear.
All indian wine regions are located on the western Ghats ,sharing a common volcanic
bedrock.Soil diversity is ,therefore,subject to the vineyards's location in relation to
rivers,valleys,hilly outcrops or fault lines ,giving rise to fertile black soils ,tuff granite or
limestone.
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14. CHAPTER 3 : DESIGNING THE FRAMEWORK
3.1 WORLD HERITAGE SITE: THE CRITERIA FOR SELECTION
▪ To be included on the World Heritage List, sites must be of outstanding universal value
and meet at least one out of ten selection criteria.
▪ To represent a masterpiece of human creative genius;
▪ To exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a
cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental
arts, town-planning or landscape design;
▪ To bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization
which is living or which has disappeared;
▪ To be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological
ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history;
▪ To be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use
which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the
environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible
change;
▪ To be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with
beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance. (The
Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in conjunction with
other criteria);
▪ To contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and
aesthetic importance;
▪ To be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history, including the
record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms,
or significant geomorphic or physiographic features;
▪ To be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological
processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine
ecosystems and communities of plants and animals;
▪ To contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of
biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal
value from the point of view of science or conservation.

15. 3.2 CULTURAL HERITAGE
LANDSCAPE IN INDIA : THE ROCK
SHELTERS OF BHIMBETKA
The Rock shelters of Bhimbetka are in the
foothills of the Vindhyan Mountains on the
southern edge of the central Indian
plateau.within massive sandstone
outcrops,above comparatively danse forest
,are five clusters of natural rock shelters ,
displaying paintings that appear to date
8
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16. from the Mesolithic period right through to the historical period .the cultural traditions of the
inhabitants of the twenty-one villages adjacent to the site bear a strong resemblance to those
represented in the rock paintings.
Justification for Inscription
Criterion (iii): Bhimbetka reflects a long interaction between people and the landscape, as
demonstrated in the quantity and quality of its rock art. Criterion (v): Bhimbetka is closely
associated with a hunting and gathering economy as demonstrated in the rock art and in the
relicts of this tradition in the local adivasi villages on the periphery of this site.
3.3 CRITERIA FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
LANDSCAPES
Two primary categories of cultural resources were identified. These included Cultural
Landscapes and Cultural Features. For the purpose of this dissertation, the UNESCO definition
of Cultural Landscape has been modified to permit the study to be more inclusive of the full
range of community landscapes. Whereas, the UNESCO notion of Cultural Landscape is of a
combination of the works of man and of nature, in India there are many areas where the natural
landscape has been totally subsumed by man-made features. It was therefore felt reasonable
that the UNESCO definition of Cultural Landscapes and Cultural Features be subtly modified
and expanded to permit the database to be more inclusive of the wide range of conditions
found in India. Therefore, Cultural Landscapes can be defined as a setting which has enhanced
a community's vibrancy, aesthetic quality, distinctiveness, sense of history or sense of place.
Cultural Features can be defined as visually distinctive objects and unique places within a
cultural landscape. They are not necessarily consistent with their immediate natural
surroundings, adjacent landscape, adjacent buildings or structures.
Although the following criteria describes those used to compare the selected sites, the
dynamic nature of the database is intended to allow for additions and alterations to these
criteria. They are therefore points of departure and a useful tool in establishing the recording
process.
3.3.1 Landscape Environment
3.3.1.1 scenic and visual quality : This quality may be both positive ( resulting from such
factors as a healthy environment or having recognized scenic value) or negative (having
been degraded through some former use, or an abandoned, polluted or ruinous
manufacturing plant). The identification is based on the consistent character of positive or
negative aesthetic and visual quality. Landscapes can be visually attractive because of a
special spatial organization, spatial definition, scale or visual integrity.
3.3.1.2 Utilization of natural terrain : Natural terrain can include such features as the
remnants of glacial moraines, shoreline features of former water courses and lakes, and
concentrations of distinct features such as specific forest or vegetation types or geological
features.
3.3.1.3 horticultural interest :Landscapes with horticultural interest include all features of
landscapes which may be unique or distinct to a specific location. It can include isolated
specimen trees, hedge rows, wind rows or other compositions of trees, and specialized
landscaped features. Tree plantations would also fall into this category.
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17. 3.3.1.4 landscape design, type and technological interest : This includes complete
landscapes that were designed for a specific use or single purpose. These landscapes are
characterized by their design intent or urban function i.e. stormwater management. These
landscapes are valued in the community by association of use and/or contribution to the
visual quality of the community.
3.3.2 Built Environment
This category includes landscapes where groups of buildings or structures (which individually
may not be exceptional or worthy of heritage designation) are of such a homogeneous or
complementary design that they contribute significantly to the quality and character of the
landscape as a whole.
3.3.2.1 aesthetic/visual quality :This quality may be both positive (as resulting from such
factors as a good design or integration with site and setting) or negative (being visually
jarring or out of context with the surrounding buildings or landscape or of utilitarian nature
on such a scale that it defines its own local character i.e. an industrial complex). The
identification is based on the consistent level of the aesthetic and visual quality of both
architecture and landscape architecture and may include noted award winning sites and more
modest structures of unique quality or those sites having association with similar structures
in other cities and regions.
3.3.2.2 consistent scale of built features :Pleasing design usually is associated with a
consistent scale of buildings and landscapes which complement each other visually. Other
zones, although not visually pleasing, may have a consistent size and shape of structures due
to use or planning constraints.
3.3.2.3 unique architectural features/buildings : Specific sites or portions of specific
buildings may have features which are unusual, distinctive or of landmark significance.
These may be quite modest in the overall context of the community but of local interest.
3.3.2.4 illustrates a style, trend or pattern : The degree to which a specific site is a
representative example of a specific style, trend or pattern will require careful consideration
in determining its relevance to the inventory.
3.3.3 Historical Associations
This category focuses on the historical importance and significance of the built or natural
landscape
3.3.3.1 direct association with important person or event : Some sites are rather simple or
prosaic in nature. However, great events can happen in a field or in a hut. Famous persons
may inhabit or major events may happen in unexpected locations. Preservation of such sites
is important to the public's understanding of history and of itself.
3.3.3.2 illustrates an important phase of social or physical development : A site may be
evocative or representative of a phase or epoch in the development of the City. Such
remnants provide context for an on-going understanding of the development of the
community.
3.3.3.4 illustrates the work of an important designer : Designers may be landscape
architects, engineers, planners, architects, or from other allied arts. Several sites in
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18. Mississauga are relevant to this category and include residential plans, transportation
systems and other building designs.
3.3.4 Other
These criteria establish special significance.
3.3.4.1 historical or archaeological interest - cultural heritage resources associated with
pre-historical and historical events.
3.3.4.2 significant ecological interest - having value for its natural purpose, diversity and
educational interest.
3.3.4.3 landmark value - visually prominent, revered and recognized as a public visual
asset and important to the community.
3.3.5 ISSUES
This study acknowledges a number of important issues related to the City's heritage resources.
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19. CHAPTER 4 : THE TOP VINEYARDS AND INDIAN
WINERIES
Wine today is the most sought after lavish and most luxurious dynamic product creating a
socio economic bondage among the locals and also spreading the aura of happiness and
celebration in the society. The heritage of a particular destination is also leveraged by
significance of wine and winery visitation and vineyards. The richness of the particular place
is also enhanced by the strength of the wine and its reputation; even the cultural and heritage
experience of the tourist is again envisaged by the perfect mix of wine and winery visitation
culminating the local tradition and practices.
4.1 . INDAGE WINES (CHATEAU INDAGE)
Chateau Indage vineyards in Narayangaon near Pune is a famous Indian winery. It is one of
the oldest & largest vineyards in India.Narayangaon is situated on the bank of river, Meena.
This is on the western Ghats - the Sahyadri mountain range. Narayangaon has emerged as a
major export place of table grapes. Grapes from here are exported mainly to the Middle East
and Europe.The winery was started by Mr. Shyamrao Chowgule in 1979,he gifted us first
Champagne in India.Their Vineyards spread across 2500 hectors of land cultivate over 20
varieties of grapes.
4.1.1 LANDSCAPE ENVIRONMENT
Scenic and visual quality : Beautiful scenery
of vineyards in the valley of the western ghats,
and the Sahyadri mountain range create a
positive visual quality and treat to the eyes.The
elegantly ordered rows of grapevines,
demonstrats how the utilitarian organization of
the land can also be aesthetically pleasing.
Utilization of natural terrain in landscaping
of vineyard : Narayangaon is close to the five
major dams 1. Yedgaon Dam
2.Wadaj Dam 3.Pimpalgaon Joge Dam 4.
Manikdoh Dam 5. Chilewadi Dam
Horticultural interest : Pendal system of
training is used since the vine growth is
extensive, fast and continuous. The cordon
system is a method that trains the cordons, or
arms of the vine trunk, to grow horizontally
along the trellis wire. A single arm in an inverted
L shape, as is common in the Champagne region
Landscape design, type and technological interest : Windbreaks and shelterbelts screen
unwanted views, filter dust and noise, and create microclimates that benefit plant health. Rows
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20. are in North-South direction so that the growing bunches get protection from South-West
scorching sunlight in the afternoon hours.
4.1.2 BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Aesthetic/visual quality : Beautiful
castle in the fantastic backdrop of
western ghat creates positive vusual
effect , where as Neglected vegetation
ruining the façade creates negative
visual effect.
Unique architectural
features/buildings : facade inspired
from castle.The main gate or door to
the winery is iron-studded wooden door, that is hard to break through. other features are
Round Towers ,The top of the facade walls is the battlements, a protective, tooth shaped
parapet and Symbiotic relationship with nature.
Illustrates a style, trend or pattern : it illustrates Chateauesque (Chateau Style)
4.1.3 HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS
Direct association with important person or event : The birthplace of Chhatrapati Shri
Shivaji Maharaj, who founded and ruled the
Maratha empire during the 17th century, is
16 km away from Narayangaon.
Illustrates an important phase of social /
physical development : Chateau Indage is
india’s oldest winery and the first one to make
champaign in india
4.1.4 OTHERS
Historical or archaeological interest :
Lenyadri, Manmodi, Tulja, Shivneri are the
caves in nearby areas which have existed
since the Buddhist era
Landmark value : The Giant Meterwave
Radio Telescope GMRT project
4.1.5 ISSUES
The international financial crisis of 2008
played a role in the company’s financial
difficulties and in 2010 the Mumbai High
Court issued an order for the winding up of
Indage Vintners. Their shares were delisted
from the Mumbai stock exchange in March 2011.
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21. 4.2. GROVER VINEYARDS
Three generations of the Grover family grew this Bangalore-based winery,Grover Vineyards
since the year 1989 upto the premier wine brand it is today. Grover’s Vineyards are situated 40
kilometers towards north of Bangalore in the state of Karnataka called Nandi Hills. In this
picturesque location spread over 410 acres are the vineyards, covered with lush grapes, strung
from trellises, covering every available space on the
soil in the valley.
4.2 1 LANDSCAPE ENVIRONMENT
Scenic and visual quality : Rows appear to go on
forever, touching the horizon, or maybe it is the
elegant straight procession of grapevines running
over an undulating landscape.
Utilization of natural terrain in landscaping of
vineyards : Nandi Hills is a picturesque region dotted
with sloping green hillsides and miles of forestland,
inhabited with incredibly beautiful wildlife. Nandi
hills’ limestone abundant soil gives the wines their
distinctive, terroir-driven earthiness with depth,
richness and aromatic complexity.
Horticultural interest : Vineyards here are mixture of the traditional pergola and the more
modern cordon vine training systems . cordon system would provide better aeration and more
even exposure to sunlight.This would also reduce the risk of fungal disease and rot associated
with a higher humidity under the pergola canopy as well as allowing more even ripening of the
grapes within each bunch. vineyard uses typical
Vertical Shooting trellis System
Landscape design, type and technological interest :
Horizontal line create a movement of vision along the
ground plan,it can make aplace feel larger and can
create a feeling of rest. Large fields are divided up and
separated with large avenues to allow for air
movement.
4.2.2 BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Unique architectural features/buildings :
underground maturation hall,beautiful lawn for visitors
and symbiotic relation between buildup and landscape.
Illustrates a style, trend or pattern : An array of
elegant Jaipur tents set into the hill – conceptualized
by Karan Grover, architect and Director, Grover
Zampa Vineyards
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22. 4.2.3 OTHERS
Historical or archaeological interest : Lenyadri,
Manmodi, Tulja, Shivneri are the caves in nearby areas
which have existed since the Buddhist era
Significant ecological interest : The climate at the top of
the hill made it particularly of interest to horticulturists.
Several species of plant were introduced into an
experimental garden. The hills are very rich in bird life
making it a very popular location for birdwatchers and
bird photographers.
4.2.4 ISSUES
Human modifications of land and waterscapes are
changing the hydrologic system and causing Arkavathy
River drying
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23. 4.3. SULA VINEYARDS
Launched in the year 2000 Sula Vineyards has quickly gained a reputation as one of India’s
premium wine company’s. Situated 180 km northeast of Mumbai in Nashik, India’s largest
grape-growing region which had till then never been used to grow wine grapes, The winery
and vineyards are open to the public for educational tours, and the beautiful Tasting Room
invites visitors to enjoy their favourite Sula wines amidst spectacular views of the vineyards
and surrounding lakes and hills.
4.3.1 LANDSCAPE ENVIRONMENT
Scenic and visual quality : The entire area looks
like landscape painting with a riot of colours. The
light green hill descends to meet the dark green
vineyard, the red, yellow, violet flowers adds
colour to the palette and the silver water gives a
tranquil effect.
Utilization of natural terrain in landscaping of
vineyards : Sula Vineyards is located amidst the
rolling hills of Nashik overlooking the Gangapur
Dam.
Horticultural interest : Use Y trellis system
helps the Leaves to spread systematically and
hence all the leaves get enough sun light.H system of training with 4 arms is better in Y trellis
system. Cost of erection of this is less compared
to pendal system. This system of training provides
enough scope for mechanization in vine yards.
Landscape design, type and technological
interest : Natural cover crop is grown between
rows of vines in this vineyard for soil
management. Optimized Drip Irrigation saves
approximately 40% of water usage
4.3.2 BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Aesthetic/visual quality : positive visual
qualities .view point oriented towards vineyards
and gangapur dam.
Unique architectural features/buildings : Greek
style amphitheater , underground maturation hall
which uses geo-thermal energy to keep it cool
and Maharashtrian styled build up.
Illustrates a style, trend or pattern : The
buildings, though typical of Western Maharashtra,
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24. are also similar to Spanish architecture — whitewashed and with sloping tiled roofs. Greek-
style amphitheater
4.3.3 HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS
Illustrates the work of an important designer :
The Tasting Room: This is a 2000sq.ft place with a
beautiful ambiance which was designed by
Californian architects Laurel Roth and Andy Hope.
4.3.4 OTHERS
Landmark value : Home to India's famous
gourmet music festival, Sula Fest
4.3.5 ISSUES
Human encroachment in these vineyards are effecting the natural habitat
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25. T
Table 2 : comparision of india vineyard with the criteria formulated
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26. Table 3 : indian vineyards as cultural landscape : an analysis
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27. CHAPTER 5 :CONCLUSIONS
1. At UNESCO level no vineyards from India are recognized as heritage site but they do
have potential. vineyards of India are grown in tropical climate unlike other heritage
declared vineyards which are in non-tropical climate .
2. Vineyard landscape gives us a lots of scope to study how defined landscape differ from
natural landscape.vineyards are defined in specific dimensions and direction,in particular
geometry and pattern this contrasts with the natural landscape that is a result of random
events.
3. Decline of biodiversity in different regions around the world due to changes in natural
habitats, the result of urban and in particular industrial development, which produce
polluting gases and substances. conservation of vineyards are hence essential because of
their recognized natural, ecological or cultural values.Efforts should be taken to protect
the country’s flora and fauna which is rich in these landscapes.
4. The study also shows that human encroachment in these vineyards are effecting the
natural habitat. Hence these area must be protected ,so that measures are taken to ensure
that all practical alternative to avoid this encroachment or if not to ensure to minimize
the environmental harm.
5. Seasonal changes have great effect of changing the vineyard landscape.The architecture
should be introduced to the site in a way that allows for these seasonal changes to continue
to occur.It should also offer a way to observe and make reference to these seasonal
changes.
6. further research is required to identify heritage at national level contributing to further
identification of heritage vineyards to be designated as world heritage site
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28. CHAPTER 6 : REFERENCES
▪ http://unesco .org
▪ Natural and cultural heriatge : International journal for heriatge studies,vol 11
▪ the scope and definition of heriatge: International jornal for heritage study
▪ identifying heritage values in local community: International journal for heritage study
▪ http://www5.mississauga.ca/pdfs/Cultural_Landscape_Inventory
▪ http://www.ndu.edu.lb/IDB13/files/Pierre-Marie%20Tricaud_WH_and_CLs_NDU_2013-
05-21.pdf
▪ World Heritage Papers 7 ; Cultural Landscapes: the Challenges of Conservation 2002
▪ a wider view of cultural landscape in world heritage list
▪ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_wine
▪ www.sulawines.com
▪ www.indianwines.info/
▪ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chateau_Indage
▪ indiatoday.intoday.in › Magazine
▪ www.groverzampa.in/
▪ www.indianwines.info/india-basics/indias-wine-heritage
▪ www.walkthroughindia.com/walkthroughs/top-10-indian-vineyards-wineries
▪ https://wineeconomist.com/2011/01/17/the-brics-suprising-wines-of-india/
▪ whc.unesco.org/documents/publi_wh_papers_26_en.pdf
▪ https://landarch.illinois.edu/portfolio/cultural-landscapes-india
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