Which of the following is (are) a primary focus of public health inf.pdf

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Which of the following is (are) a primary focus of public health information systems? Solution Answer :- Primary Focus of Public Health Information Systems :- 1) The primary focus of public health information is on application of information science and technology. 2) the issues is public health look very different today. Although the primary focus of public health has shifted from infectious to chronic diseases. 3) Monitor health status to identify community health problems. 4) Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community. 5) Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues. 6) Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems. 7) Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts. 8) Assure a competent public health and personal health care workforce. 9) Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and populationbased health services. 10) Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems..

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July 2002, Vol 92, No. 7 | American Journal of Public Health Editorial | 1057 ⏐ EDITORIAL A Code of Ethics for Public Health The mandate to ensure and protect the health of the public is an inherently moral one. It carries with it an obligation to care for the well-being of communities, and it implies the possession of an element of power to carry out that mandate. The need to exercise power to ensure the health of populations and, at the same time, to avoid abuses of such power are at the crux of public health ethics. Until recently, the ethical nature of public health has been im- plicitly assumed rather than ex- plicitly stated. Increasingly, however, society is demanding explicit attention to ethics. This de- mand arises from technological advances that create new possibil- ities and, with them, new ethical dilemmas; new challenges to health, such as the advent of HIV; and abuses of power, such as the Tuskegee study of syphilis. Medical institutions have been more explicit about the ethical elements of their practice than have public health institutions. However, the concerns of public health are not fully consonant with those of medicine. Thus, we cannot simply translate the principles of medical ethics to public health. In contrast to medicine, public health is concerned more with populations than with individuals, and more with prevention than with cure. The need to artic- ulate a distinct ethic for public health has been noted by a num- ber of public health professionals and ethicists.1–5 A code of ethics for public health can clarify the distinctive elements of public health and the ethical principles that follow from or respond to those elements. It can make clear to populations and communities the ideals of the public health institutions that serve them, ideals for which the institutions can be held accountable. THE PROCESS OF WRITING THE CODE The backgrounds and perspectives of people who identify themselves as public health professionals are as diverse as the multitude of factors affecting the health of populations. Articulating a common ethic for this diverse group is a formidable challenge. In the spring of 2000, the gradu- ating class of the Public Health Leadership Institute chose writing a code of ethics for public health as a group project. The institute provides advanced leadership training to people who are already in leadership roles in public health. Because the fellows bring a wealth of experience from a wide variety of public health institutions, they are uniquely able to represent diverse perspectives and identify ethical issues common in public health. At the 2000 meeting of the Na- tional Association of City and County Health Officers, the group added a non-institute member ( J. C. Thomas) and charted a plan for working toward a code. The plan included receiving a formal charge as the code of ethics working group at the annual meeting of the American Public Health Asso- c ...

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If the proportion of an African population that are susceptible to Malaria is 0.37, what proportion of the population are affected with Sickle Cell Anemia? A. 0.18 B. 0.63 C. 0.11 D. 0.154 E. 0.255 Solution Proportion of population susceptible to malaria= p2= .37 so p= 0.608 since p+q=1, so q=1-0.608=0.392 proportion of the population affected with Sickle Cell Anemia= q2+2pq=0.3922+(2*0.608*0.392) =0.154+0.477 =0.631 So the answer is option B.

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How have a rock that was formed at the same time as the Earth was formed. How old is the rock? How much of the original uranium-238is likely to be left today in that rock? Solution It has been theorized that the actual age of the earth is about 4.6 billion years old.According to some geologists,one of the remarkable features of the old rocks is that they are not formed from the primordial crust of the Earth.Rather, they are formed from lava and sediments that deposited in shallow water which indicates that Earth was already formed before rocks began to deposit.Still there are some geologists who suggest that the oldest rocks were formed as remnants of the primordial crust of Earth.These rocks are known as faux-amphibolites.The oldest rock were formed 3.9 billion years old.The half life of uranium-238 is 4.5 billion years and half of the uranium-238 present now has been decayed to lead 206.So half of the , original uranium- 238 is likely to be left today in that rock..

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help me to find a research article on a topic related to plant bodies or sensory or neurons. make sure your article is a report. A 1 page paper with the following information authors, a title of the paper, name of the journal, volume, pages, date and describe whether this research was discovery-based science or hypothesis-driven research Solution Authors: Sheshukova EV, Komarova TV, Dorokhov YL. Title: Plant Factories for the Production of Monoclonal Antibodies Name of the Journal: Biochemistry (Mosc) Volume: 81(10) Pages: 1118-1135 Date: October - 2016 Type: discovery-based science.

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Google the four Characteristics of the Climate at Whirlpool, and post your answer the following questions: Could the innovation success of the Gladiator line have been achieved without the four characteristics being present in the organization? Why or why not? Comment on the overall commitment of Whirlpool leadership to the process of creativity and innovation. Were there any leadership actions that stood out as being critical to unleashing the creativity and entrepreneurship of the Gladiator team? Solution Organizational culture is with the nature of belief and expectations about organizational life, while climate is an indicator of whether those beliefs and expectations are being fulfilled”. Richard M. Hodgetts has classified organizational climate into two factors. 1) overt factors which can be analyzed they are Hierarchy , Goals of the organization , Financial resources , Skills and abilities of employees , Technological state of the organization , Performance standards adopted , Efficiency measurement. 2) covert factors that can not be analyzed being subjective in nature they are Values , Attitude , Norms, Feelings, Interaction, Sportiveness, Satisfaction. Likert has carried out studies on organizational climate by isolating six different variables namely decision making, leadership style, motivation, goal setting communication and control. Each variable was then evaluated on four dimensions. Each of the dimensions can then be studied on the five-point scale Strongly agree , Moderately disagree,Neutral , Moderately disagree, Strongly disagree. These characteristics plays an important role for success of organization.Achieving required quality of product and managing customer satisfaction are important factors in running a growth oriented organization. While all the resources can be managed, it is difficult to manage human resource especially when globalization is the order of the day in all facet of our life. Therefore culture plays a decisive role in running of an organization smoothly. Culture is an invisible power of any organization.When the thinking and actions of employees are institutionalized, an organizational culture is deemed to have been formed. Leadership is one of the most important aspects of studies of human behaviors in organization. It is the leader who creates working environment. The success of an organization depends upon the efficiency of the leader. It is the attributes, positive approach and the ability to solve problems that make a person leader.Leadership is about influencing subordinates to act willingly towards achievement of organizational goals. To achieve innovation and creativity among employees, it is necessary to introduce the concept of work design and promote intrinsic value of the job so that personal growth,recognition and sense of achievement is experienced by the employees. This can be achieved by giving employees enhanced responsibilities, greater autonomy, higher control over the resources, assur.

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How are spores produced by seed plants different than those of Bryophytes? Solution In case of ferns which are designated as seedless plants the gametophytic generation starts from spore. Spores are uaually prodcuced from sporangium of sporophyte (2n) but spores are haploid in nature as they produced through meiosis. In seed plants i.e. in gymnosperms two kind of spores are developed - megaspores (female spore) and microspores (male spore). Microgametophytes are produced from mcrspores and which further develop into male gametophyte. From male gametophyte pollens grains develop. Megaspores also produce megagametophyte or female gametophyte, which on development produce eggs..

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Reference Health Law and Ethics Analyze the impact the affordable care act has on health care resource allocation. Solution Most definitions share the premise that the subject of public health is the health of populations The ethics of public health are concerned with the ethical dimensions of professionalism and the moral trust that society bestows on public health professionals to act for the common welfare A key aspect of preparedness is knowing the population and preparing for its specific needs during an emergency Increased out-of-hospital infrastructure and distributed networks of care can reduce the burden on emergency departments and on safety net hospitals and can enhance surge capacity. increasing access to needed services every day and in a disaster. health infrastructure is shifting its focus to population health management, and care systems are becoming accountable for health prior to and following health care visits. Broader insurance coverage leading to quicker reimbursement of hospitals could help impacted hospitals recover more quickly in a disaster. National Hospital Preparedness Program has been focusing on the development of health care coalitions, including all entities in a community that are involved in disaster planning. building a system that is not so geographically and financially centralized and that would be much more resilient, not only for a disaster. many individuals with low incomes will be eligible for tax credits to help with affordability of premiums and additional subsidies to help with cost- sharing responsibilities. to expand and accelerate basic science, translational, and service delivery research on emergency medical care systems and emergency medicine, including pediatric emergency medical care.

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Record the results for the hematocrits. Identify the hematocrit that is considered within normal range. For the other two hematocrit tubes, comment on the possible conditions that would cause the value to be different from normal. Explain what causes the average value of the hematocrit to be higher in males than in females. A person had severe pain episodes, several bouts of infections, signs of damage to vital organs, low RBC count and hemoglobin, and fatigue. A smear preparation of the blood showed deformed RBC. Give a brief account of the disorder, cause, and how it is inherited. Solution 1.causes for hematocrit average value higher in males than in females : due to the release of the testosterone harmone which is also\" responsible for the stimulation of erythropoitein\" secreted by kidneys.so males have more hematocrit than females. 2.according to the information it is a disorder named \"sickle cell anemia\" the normal rbcs are disc shaped where as these are sickle shaped due to low oxgen levels in rbcs leading to defective rbcs which form as long rods and into abnormal sickle shapes.these cannot be easily passed through the vessels as these are sickle shaped and block the flow and cuttoff the oxygen supply to tissues.so the lack of oxygen leads to organ damage and severe pain. the normal life span of rbcs is 120 days where as these sickle rbcs live only upto 10-20 days so causes chronic anemia INHERITANCE : the two genes from one parent must be inherited from one parent inorder to have disease.if only one gene of sickle cell and another normal gene then there is no or less probability of having disease.if two genes from both parents are sickle genes then the person is affected with disease..

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