Please answer this question.How are phylogenetic trees read or int.pdf

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Please answer this question. How are phylogenetic trees read or interpreted? What do nodes and branching patterns represent? Does tip proximity indicate relatendness of organisms? Solution Answer: Phylogenetic tree gives idea about close relatioship between two organisms. The evolutionary relationship between organisms is represented in the phylgenetic tree. Species are present at the tip of the tree and species are closely related. Nodes represent common ancestors between organisms. Branching pattern split two nodes, which are called as sister groups..

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A plant has a unique photosynthetic plagment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow, What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment? Red and yellow blue and violet green and yellow blue, green, and red green, blue, and yellow What is the source of the oxygen produced during photosynthesis? ambient air CO_2 chlorophyll oxidation H_2_O carbohydrate Solution 21. E. 1000 pH=-log[H+], change in 3 units corresponds to 1000 times higher H+ 22.A. an amphipathic pigment molecule Chlorophyll pigment has a tetrapyrrole ring system (hydrophilic portion) and a hydrophobic (fat soluble) phytol chain 23.C inner mitochondrial membrane 24.B. Blue and violet Chlorophyll is green is because it absorbs other colors of light such as red and blue, so in a way the green light is reflected out since the pigment does not absorb it. 25. D. H2O Splitting of H2O is the source of oxygen.

A plant has a unique photosynthetic plagment. The leaves of this pl.pdf

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____ 1. Lymph nodules found in the ileum ____ 2. Responsible for bicarbonate (HCO3-) production in pancreas _____3. Exchanged for H+ ions during the formation of hydrochloric acid (HCl) ____ 4. Contains a third, oblique layer of smooth muscle _____5. hepatic portal system _____6. Initiates the cephalic phase of stomach secretions ___ 7. Moving food from mouth – pharynx- esophagus ___ 8. Stimulates release of bile and pancreatic enzymes. _____9. Hormone that initiates the release of pepsinogen and the formation of HCl _____10. Reduces HCl production, stimulates HCO3- production A.Deglutition B. Gastrin C. oxygen poor, nutrient rich blood D. Cholesystokinin E. stomach F. intercalated duct cells G. Peyer’s patches H. Secretin I. centers in the medulla oblongata J. K+ (potassium) ions K. Hepato-pancreatic ampulla L. Na+ (sodium Ions) ____ 1. Lymph nodules found in the ileum ____ 2. Responsible for bicarbonate (HCO3-) production in pancreas _____3. Exchanged for H+ ions during the formation of hydrochloric acid (HCl) ____ 4. Contains a third, oblique layer of smooth muscle _____5. hepatic portal system _____6. Initiates the cephalic phase of stomach secretions ___ 7. Moving food from mouth – pharynx- esophagus ___ 8. Stimulates release of bile and pancreatic enzymes. _____9. Hormone that initiates the release of pepsinogen and the formation of HCl _____10. Reduces HCl production, stimulates HCO3- production A.Deglutition B. Gastrin C. oxygen poor, nutrient rich blood D. Cholesystokinin E. stomach F. intercalated duct cells G. Peyer’s patches H. Secretin I. centers in the medulla oblongata J. K+ (potassium) ions K. Hepato-pancreatic ampulla L. Na+ (sodium Ions) Solution 1. Payers Patches are small masses of lymphatic tissue found throuhout the ileum regionof small intestine calles as lymphoid nodules. 2. Responsible for bicarbonate (HCO3-) production in pancreas : Secretin 3. Exchanged for H+ ions during the formation of Hydrochloric acid : K+ (potassium) ions 4. Contains a third, oblique layer of smooth muscle : stomach 5. hepatic portal system : Hepato - pancreatic ampulla 6. Initiates the cephalic phase of stomach secretions : Gastrin 7. Moving food from mouth – pharynx-esophagus : Deglutition 8. Stimulates release of bile and pancreatic enzyme : cholecystokinin 9. Hormone that initiates the release of pepsinogen and the formation of HCl: Gastrin 10. Reduces HCl production, stimulates HCO3- production: Secretin.

____ 1. Lymph nodules found in the ileum____ 2. Responsible for bi.pdf

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Write the correct master horizon designation (e.g. A, E, etc.) for the following description: 1) Horizon made up mostly of organic material 2) Subsurface horizon with illuvial accumulation of clay minerals 3) Surface mainly mineral horizon 4) Bedrock 5) Highly leached horizon Solution 1.Organic material O 2.Illuvial accumulation Clay mineralsl B 3.mainly mineral horizon A 4.Bed Rock R 5.highly leached A2.

Write the correct master horizon designation (e.g. A, E, etc.) for t.pdf

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SQL FILE FROM MOODLEUSE [master]GO Object Databa.pdf

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Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the effect of information technology (IT) on risk to the business enterprise? (Choose two.) A. Information technology is a serious risk to the mission of the organization. B. Information technology is used to protect the organization’s information. C. Information technology is used to eliminate risk to the mission of the organization. D. Information technology is used to generate the organization’s information. Solution B, D. Information technology is used to generate the business’s information, as well as protect it..

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the effec.pdf

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Which of the following is (are) a primary focus of public health information systems? Solution Answer :- Primary Focus of Public Health Information Systems :- 1) The primary focus of public health information is on application of information science and technology. 2) the issues is public health look very different today. Although the primary focus of public health has shifted from infectious to chronic diseases. 3) Monitor health status to identify community health problems. 4) Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community. 5) Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues. 6) Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems. 7) Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts. 8) Assure a competent public health and personal health care workforce. 9) Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and populationbased health services. 10) Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems..

Which of the following is (are) a primary focus of public health inf.pdf

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Which of the following is NOT an activity of descriptive epidemiology? Monitoring health- related states or events over time Monitoring potential exposures over time Evaluating the effects of an assigned intervention on an outcome of interest Understanding where and when the health problem is greatest All of these are activities of descriptive epidemiology. Solution 5.E.all of these activities are descriptive epidemiology 6.A. use of appropriate study designs and Statistical Techniques for investigating an observable occurrence and acquiring New knowledge 7.E. individual who harbour a pathogen and although in the recovery phase of the course of the disease is still infectious. 8.A. an organism usually an animal or human that harbours a disease. 9.E. All of the above are possible reservoirs. 10. C. Endemic 11.E. all of the above have been linked to cancer 12.B. Zoonosis..

Which of the following is NOT an activity of descriptive epidemiology.pdf

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What is the view of General Billy Mitchell about ‘air power’? Solution General Billy Mitchell was popular by the name of Colonel Mitchell. He was also known as father of United States Air force. He believed that bombers should take place in battleground and separate command for the Air Command also exists. He said that Nothing can stop the attack of air force except the air force of other country. He was grow up in Wisconsin and served in Cuba and joined the army in 1898. In 1913 Mitchell became the Captain and become the youngest officer to do so. He supposed that Air force is a strong face of army which is required to win the battle and also serve as a medicine in the battleground when the land army requires the extra help and support from the country. General Billy aslo thinks that air power also helps the nation to represent the nation as a strong united body in front of world. The air power also help the nation to stop the anti national activities all across the world because air power can hit enemy at any corner of the world..

What is the view of General Billy Mitchell about ‘air power’Sol.pdf

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what additional component associated with outer skin epithelium is not seen in oral epithelium Solution the missing components in oral epithelium are adnexal skin structures such as hair follicles, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. other differences include: color, moist surface, presence of minor salivary glands in oral mucosa, smooth texture of oral mucosa (with some exceptions), varying firmness of oral mucosa..

what additional component associated with outer skin epithelium is n.pdf

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What is the effect of this function below, assuming that \"a\" is an array containing \"n\" values? int f (int a [], int n) {int temp, i, z = 0; for (i = 0; i Solution //This function takes the array as input, and will count all the elements //that are less than the last element in the array, and returns the count. int f(int a[], int n) { int temp, i, z = 0; for(i = 0; i < n-1; i++) //For each element from first element till penultimate element. { if(a[i] < a[n-1]) //If the element is less than the last element. z++; //Increment the counter. } return z; //Returns the count. }.

What is the effect of this function below, assuming that a is an .pdf

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unix classes Task 3 (20 points) Write a bash program sort.sh to sort a list by frequency in descending order. Your script should take in a filename as an argument. Here is an example:>hb117@uxb4:~$ cat names.txt Hoang Leo Thuy Henry Hoang Leo Henry Hoang Leo Henry Hoang Leo Leo hb117@uxb4:~$ ./sort.sh names.txt Leo Hoang Henry Thuy Solution To sort the content in ascending order. Sort | uniq names.txt To sort the content in descending order. Sort - r | uniq names.txt.

unix classesTask 3 (20 points)Write a bash program sort.sh to so.pdf

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Reference Health Law and Ethics Analyze the impact the affordable care act has on health care resource allocation. Solution Most definitions share the premise that the subject of public health is the health of populations The ethics of public health are concerned with the ethical dimensions of professionalism and the moral trust that society bestows on public health professionals to act for the common welfare A key aspect of preparedness is knowing the population and preparing for its specific needs during an emergency Increased out-of-hospital infrastructure and distributed networks of care can reduce the burden on emergency departments and on safety net hospitals and can enhance surge capacity. increasing access to needed services every day and in a disaster. health infrastructure is shifting its focus to population health management, and care systems are becoming accountable for health prior to and following health care visits. Broader insurance coverage leading to quicker reimbursement of hospitals could help impacted hospitals recover more quickly in a disaster. National Hospital Preparedness Program has been focusing on the development of health care coalitions, including all entities in a community that are involved in disaster planning. building a system that is not so geographically and financially centralized and that would be much more resilient, not only for a disaster. many individuals with low incomes will be eligible for tax credits to help with affordability of premiums and additional subsidies to help with cost- sharing responsibilities. to expand and accelerate basic science, translational, and service delivery research on emergency medical care systems and emergency medicine, including pediatric emergency medical care.

Reference Health Law and EthicsAnalyze the impact the affordable c.pdf

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Record the results for the hematocrits. Identify the hematocrit that is considered within normal range. For the other two hematocrit tubes, comment on the possible conditions that would cause the value to be different from normal. Explain what causes the average value of the hematocrit to be higher in males than in females. A person had severe pain episodes, several bouts of infections, signs of damage to vital organs, low RBC count and hemoglobin, and fatigue. A smear preparation of the blood showed deformed RBC. Give a brief account of the disorder, cause, and how it is inherited. Solution 1.causes for hematocrit average value higher in males than in females : due to the release of the testosterone harmone which is also\" responsible for the stimulation of erythropoitein\" secreted by kidneys.so males have more hematocrit than females. 2.according to the information it is a disorder named \"sickle cell anemia\" the normal rbcs are disc shaped where as these are sickle shaped due to low oxgen levels in rbcs leading to defective rbcs which form as long rods and into abnormal sickle shapes.these cannot be easily passed through the vessels as these are sickle shaped and block the flow and cuttoff the oxygen supply to tissues.so the lack of oxygen leads to organ damage and severe pain. the normal life span of rbcs is 120 days where as these sickle rbcs live only upto 10-20 days so causes chronic anemia INHERITANCE : the two genes from one parent must be inherited from one parent inorder to have disease.if only one gene of sickle cell and another normal gene then there is no or less probability of having disease.if two genes from both parents are sickle genes then the person is affected with disease..

Record the results for the hematocrits. Identify the hematocrit that .pdf

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Prepare a witten financial analysis. .This should include calculations and discussion related to the Chapter 5 appendix (Appendix 5A). See illustration 5A-1 for a summary of financial ratios. Be sure to include (1) these ratios, (2) what they mean and (3) how you interpret them: o Current ratio o Accounts receivable turnover o Inventory turnover o Profit margin on sales o Return on assets o Return on stockholders\' equity o Debt to assets ratio Submit a WORD document via D2L- Assessments - Assignments Solution Ans ) The ratios are not meant for a particular person or firm.People in various fields of life are interested in ratio analysis from their own angles.The parties attached with business or firm are creditors i.e. mony lenders, shareholders.Management uses the toolof Ratio analysisto interpretate the information from their own angles.For example creditors are interested in liquidity and solvency for which they will make use of current ratio , liquidity ratio, proprietaryRatio, debt equity Ratio,capital gearing Ratio.Shareholders are interested in profitability and long term solvency.They want to know the rate of return on their capital employed for which they willmake use of Gross Profit Ratio, Operating Ratio, Dividend ratio and Price Earning Ratio.Management is interested in overall efficiency of business which can be better jud ged through Ratios like turnover to fixed assets, turnover to capital employed, stock turnover ratio etc.So, from the above discussion it is clear that different prties uses the tool of Ratio analysis for taking their own decisions The particular purpose of a user is determining the particular Ratios that might be used ofr financial analysis.Here we will discuss and calculate various ratios to do fianacial analysis. Current Ratio = Current Assests/Current Liabilities Current Assests= Cash + Bank+ Prepaid Insurance+Inventory+ Accounts Recievables Current Assests=44746.5 +510+500+5000+29000=79756.5 Current Laibilites =Accounts payable Current Laibilites= 30064.83 Current Ratio = 79756.5/30064.83= 2.7 Interpretation : Generally a current ratio of 2 times or 2:1 is cosidered to be satisfactory.Here the current ratio of greater than 2 denotes the good liquidity position but it also indicates assest liabilty mis match.But current ratio greater than 2 is generally preferred as compared to less than 2. 2.Account receivables turnover :It represents the number of times the cash is collected from debtors.Lower turnover denotes poor collection and means that funds are blocked ofr longer period of tiem and vice-versa.It also measure the liquidity of the firm.It shows how quickly debtors (receivables) are converted into sales.The Account receivables turnover shows the relationship between sales and debtors of the firm. Account receivables turnover= Net Credit Annual Sales/Average trade debtors 3. Inventory turnover :This ratio indicates the number of times inventory or stock is replaced during the year.The turnover of invent.

Prepare a witten financial analysis. .This should include calculation.pdf

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6. The larger the difference in the electronegativities of two atoms: a) the more likely that the two atoms will share electrons equally should they come in contact with one another. b) the less likely that the two atoms will share electrons equally should they come in contact with one another. c) The less polar the bond formed between them would be. d) The more amphipathic the bond formed between them would be. e) The less likely that one atom will transfer an electron to the other atom. Solution b) the less likely that the two atoms will share electrons equally should they come in contact with one another. Explanation: The electropositive elements transfer electrons to electronegative elements and form compounds. Example NaCl, HF, HCl..

6. The larger the difference in the electronegativities of two atoms.pdf

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Contrast constructive dividends and stock dividends. Explain the taxation of each. Give some examples. Also respond to another student\'s post. Write two to three large paragraphs Solution Most businesses are taxpayers, too. And just like any other taxpayer, they want to pay as little taxes as possible. Sometimes, however, companies take deductions or other tax benefits when they\'re not supposed to. For example, a company may pay some personal expenses for a shareholder and take a business expense deduction. The IRS can call the payment a constructive dividend. If it does, the company may lose the tax benefit, and both the company and shareholder may face penalties. Constructive Dividends A dividend is any distribution of money or property made by a corporation to its shareholders. Typically, dividends are declared or announced by the company in advance and are paid out to all shareholders in proportion to the amount of stock each of them owns. A constructive dividend is an undeclared dividend by the corporation, usually paid to one or only a few shareholders. It can be a direct payment of money, like a salary, or some other indirect economic benefit to the shareholder, like paying a shareholder\'s rent. If a corporation makes a distribution or payment from profits to a shareholder and doesn\'t report the payment as a taxable dividend, the IRS may - and often does - reclassify the distribution as a constructive dividend. Generally, problems with constructive dividends pop up with small, closely-held corporations. Shareholders of these companies often treat the corporation and its cash as personal property and use both as they see fit. However, big, publicly traded companies can run into the problem, too. Tax Problems with Constructive Dividends As a practical matter, constructive dividends and ordinary dividends get about the same tax treatment. Both dividends are taxable income to the shareholder and can\'t be deducted by the corporation. This is where the trick lies. If a corporation can pass off payments to a shareholder as compensation, wages or some work-related expense, the corporation can take a tax deduction for the payment. Impact on the Company When the IRS treats a payment as a constructive dividend, the deduction taken by the company is denied or disallowed. The payment is then taxed as a regular dividend, up to the earnings and profits of the corporation. As a result, the company\'s taxable income goes up, and so does its tax bill..

Contrast constructive dividends and stock dividends. Explain the tax.pdf

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10. Give an explanation of the pedigree below Solution Ans: The pedigree chart is showing a 50/50 affected ratio between men and women so it is an autosomal disorder not the X-linked disorder. Since the affected traits are dominant (atleast one of the parents is affected), it can be an Autosomal dominant disorder. Explanantion for the given pedigree: 1. Trait appeared in both the sexes with equal frequency. 2. Both sexes are transmitting the trait to their offspring. 3. Every affected offspring has an affected parent. 4. Here, if one parent is affected and the other parent is unaffected, then approximately half of the offsprings are affected. 5. Unaffected parents are not transmitting the trait. 6. The trait is not skipping the generations..

10. Give an explanation of the pedigree below SolutionAns The .pdf

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4. (TCO 9) Provide a detailed description of the techniques used to make a DNA fingerprint. What are some of the uses and applications of DNA fingerprinting? Solution DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to determine the nucleotides sequences of DNA which are unique to each individual. Technique 1. Extraction of the DNA from the source the DNA is extracted from blood sample, hair follicles etc.available sample. 2.DNA is cut into fragments the DNA molecules broken with the help of restriction endonuclease. Here the cleaning is double strand cut producing DNA fragments of different lengths this fragment are also called restricted fragment length polymorphism Manyi of this fragment contain vntr 3. Separation of the fragments using gel electrophoresis. As the DNA molecule is negatively charged hence it will move towards positive or not in the setup the gel based matrix provides tiny pores through which DNA molecules travel the larger molecules travel slowly where is the smallest mens travel quickly from the loading point at the end of the experiment DNA pieces of equal length obtained. 4. The DNA fragments or now treated with alkaline chemicals to facilitate denaturation into single stranded DNA this is very important step. 5. Southern blotting technique in this technique nitrocellulose membrane is used the DNA is bloated on suitable membrane like nitrocellulose or nylon membranes as they have good binding capacity the membrane is subjected to gentle pressure due to this single stranded DNA fragments are pulled and transfer onto the membrane . the membrane contains replica of the DNA. Hybridisation with suitable DNA probe which is single stranded DNA having complementary sequence to the desired DNA. Before using the probe the DNA of tagged with fluorescent dyes to help in detection of the desired DNA excess probea are washed away. 5. the DNA sample is visualised using autoradiography the hybridisation pattern is called DNA fingerprint having a sequence complementary to the probe. 6. PCR technique is a technique is useful to synthesise millions of copies of the DNA sequence when low amount of DNA is available for the study this technique is used modifications of PCR technique like r a p d PCR rflp PCR helps in giving accurate results. Applications of DNA fingerprinting : 1.This test is used in the case of disputes regarding paternity testing . 2 it is useful tool in forensic applications 3.It is used to assess migration pattern of ancient population 4.it is used to determine Genetic diversity is in the evolutionary biology. 4. It is used to diagnose inherited disorders in both prenatal and newborn babies examples huntington\'s disease Alzheimer\'s Sickle Cell anaemia Thalassemia haemophilia. 5. DNA fingerprinting is used to come from confirm cell line identity in a cell line collection. 6. It also helps in developing cures for inherited disorders..

4. (TCO 9) Provide a detailed description of the techniques used to .pdf

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11. Which of the following statements is true? a) Hydrophobic bonds are strong over large distances. b) Water molecules can act as bases. c) In pure water (at 25 ) the concentration of H3O+ is slightly more than the concentration of OH-. d) In acidic solutions, the concentration of OH-exceeds the concentration of H3O+. e) In solutions with pH greater than 7, the concentration of H3O+ exceeds the concentration of OH-. Solution B) Water molecules can act as bases. Infact water molecules are neutral in nature at pure state. their have equal positive and negative charge because to oh- and h30+. Due this it can accept both charges and can become acidic and basic, depending on the solution has been added..

11. Which of the following statements is true a) Hydrophobic bonds .pdf

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Correctly match the name with the contribution. James Lind G a John Snow Edgar Sydenstricker Wynder and Graham Doll and Hill A. Performed a case control study in the United States B. Performed a cross sectional study C. Performed an experimental study D. Performed a descriptive comelation study and an analytic case control study E. Performed a prospective cohort study and a case controlled study Solution Answer: 1). James Lind---B. Performed a cross sectional study John Snow---D. Performed a descriptive correlation study and an analytical case control study Edgar sydenstricker--- C. Performed an experimental study Wynder amd Graham---A. Performed a case control studey in the United States Doll and Hill---E. Performed a prospective cohort study and a case controlled study 2)..

Correctly match the name with the contribution. James Lind G a John S.pdf

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