1. MSIA711.05 1
Internet Introduction
• Key Definitions:
– Internet: The internet is a global network of interconnected
networks, connecting private, public and university networks in
one cohesive unit.
– Intranet: An intranet is a private enterprise network that uses
internet and web technologies for information gathering and
distribution within an organization.
– Extranet: An extranet is a community of interest created by
extending an intranet to selected entities external to an
organization.

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Global Internet Network Hierarchy
• The Internet:
– Exists due to the interconnection of private, public and university
networks.
• Networks connect to each other at various public or private
connection points, called peering points.
• Public peering points are called Network Access Points (NAPs)
• Private peering points follow Acceptable Use Practices (AUP)
– Internet Services Providers
• Classified into three tiers, based on size and capacity:
– Tier 1: Big, national backbones
– Tier 2: Large, metropolitan backbones.
– Tier 3: Local ISPs.

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The Internet v. Internet-Related Technology
• Internet: relates to the global network
• Internet Technologies:
– Collection of internet protocols and applications
– Based upon Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) for
network transport
– Based upon many protocols for applications:
• Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP) and Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) for
e-mail
• Telnet for remote logon
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP) for exchanging data files.
– Web Technology- refers to the use of:
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for transport of web data
• Hypertext Markup Language/Extended Markup Language (HTML/XML) for
data presentation.

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Intranet
• Intranet reaching the “Main Stream Market”
– Provides easy access to internal data by publishing the information
on departmental intranets.
– Sets up employee self-service web sites for human resources,
payroll, sales, marketing and training.
– More complex applications on the horizon:
• Collaborative workflow managers, including scheduling, messaging,
and discussion groups
• Inventory and logistic management systems
• Consumer help desk and knowledge management systems.

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The Intranet
• Prerequisites for the Successful Deployment of the
Intranet:
– Unified intranet strategy and architecture
– Secure and ubiquitous intra-enterprise connectivity
– Integration with legacy networks and applications
– Use of standards-based technology for network, security, and web-
authoring.
– Common user interface based on a universal web client
– Implementation of enterprise-side policies on network access,
security, content authoring, and management
– Management and user buy-in.

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Intranet Components
• The Local Area Network (LAN) Component consists of:
– The LAN Technology (e.g., Ethernet)
– The LAN Topology (e.g., star, bus)
– The LAN router and network addressing scheme
– The LAN network routing protocol
– The LAN firewall and load-sharing components
– Any questions regarding these terms and concepts?

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Intranet Components
• The Security Component:
– Air gap and firewall security techniques:
• Air gap- security by isolation; internal network is not connected to
the external network
• Firewall: Filter that screens and accepts or rejects connection requests
– The corporate security framework and the security policies for
internal and external connectivity
– The LAN and WAN firewalls and VPN setup
– The secure configuration of the intranet application and the server
operating system
– The encryption, authentication and data integrity check
methodologies.

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Extranet
• Extranet: Community of Interest created by extending the
extranet to selected entities external to an organization
– Deployed as private networks to develop business-to-business
relationships between vendors, partners, and customers.
– Extranet applications:
• Online ordering *News and content
• Marketing and product information * Legacy database access
• Inventory management * ERP; supply chain managemt.
• Collaborative research and development * Collaborative scheduling
• Training, policy and standards * Customer service/self service
• E-mail and chat *Bulletin boards and groups
• Billing and account history *On-line financial transactions

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Extranet Advantages
• Advantages
– Collaborative research and development (R&D) fosters better ties
between partners and shorter time-to-market, thus reducing the
product life cycle and increasing product competitiveness
– ERP and supply chain management streamline business processes
– Better customer support increases customer loyalty and weans
customers from live representatives to cheaper “self-help.”
– Collaborative extranets foster team spirit among partners and
customers, reduce cost of production, travel costs, and customer
service, and improve the speed of communications speed.
– Customer/partner access to backend data improves efficiency
– Brings access to new markets through IP-based EDI participation

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Extranet Development Considerations
• Keep in mind, when developing extranets:
– Security exposure to internal and partner networks and systems
– Ease of use
– Interoperable technology
– Ability to leverage legacy applications
– High availability (as the extranet applications become mission critical, it
is important to maintain the constant availability of these applications).
– Network and extranet application performance as it scales upward
– Set correct expectations of network performance
– Legal considerations of connecting multiple systems and the potential
impact on the current operation due to new setup.

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Extranet Security
• When two or more entities collaborate on the intranet:
– Security has to cover all paths between parties
– Access to the extranet application server can be restricted to the
partners and suppliers by
• Using access control lists (ACLs) on the router, which is a part of the
directory application.

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Extranet Examples
• Extranet Communities of Interests (COIs):
– Vendors
– Partners
– Company
• Customers drive relationships that the company establishes with
vendors and partners
• Customer service/product quality first; cost-cutting second.

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Extranet Examples
• Supply Chain Process (SCP)
– Since the SCP is almost completely automated. . .
• Several departments get automatic notifications as a user request is
processed through the chain
• For example, when the item is shipped from the supplier the
production manager is notified of the arriving items, while the
purchasing manager gets the shipping details and the invoice.
• When the item is received, the inventory is updated automatically.
– SCP allows manufacturers to control inventory costs, while the
procurement guys tighten forecasting and ordering
– SCP equally applicable to small or big purchases.

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Extranet Examples
• Extranet Success Stories:
– McDonnell Douglas’s inventory management extranet provides
access to 500 suppliers and tracks 80,000 parts and assemblies.
– Shell’s extranet manages inventories for its customers
– Cisco Systems allows customers to track and order equipment on-
line based on a pre-negotiated relationship
– DaimlerChrysler in Japan allow its dealers to process orders over
the extranet (very little traffic on this extranet)
– Courtyard Marriott provides marketing reports and operating
manuals to all of its operators in the U.S.
– Pharmaceutical manufacturers allow hospitals, retail stores, and
clinics access to order processing and inventory tracking systems.