2. CONTENTS
1. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY: CONCEPT
2. INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN PwID
Assessment of the motor-perceptive development.
Requirements in the practice of physical activity.
1. ADAPTATIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES IN PADP
(Physical Activity with Disabled Persons)
Methodology guidelines in PADP
Safety measures in PADP
1. ADAPTED SPORT / SPECIFIC SPORT
Federated sports movement
Special Olympics movement
3. 1. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY: CONCEPT
ID formerly know as Mental Retardation.
Characteristics:
Significant limitations in intellectual functioning
Significant limitations in adaptive behaviour.
It originates before age 18.
Schalock et al. (2007)
4. 2. INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN PwID
2.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF MOTOR
DEVELOPMENT:
General problems with physical growth.
Slower motor growth with disorders in motor
control.
It may lead to disorders in body mechanics,
muscle tone control and physiological
alterations.
5. 2.2 REQUIREMENTS IN PA
• Supervision and support required.
• Difficulty to keep attention and anticipate.
• Difficulty to engage in abstractions and concepts beyond immediate
context.
• Limitations in the use of language.
• Difficulty in perception of body map, organisation of feelings and
perceptions, time and space adjustment.
• Possible physiological alterations and in body mechanics.
• Low efficiency in basic motor skills.
• Difficulty in developing social skills. Possible conduct problems.
• Limitations in the acquisition of hygiene habits.
6. 3. ADAPTATIONS AND SAFETY
MEASURES IN PADP (Physical Activity
with Disabled Persons)
3.1 MATHODOLOGICAL GUIDELINES
Communication and social interactions
Organized and simplified simplified procedures
Use several transmission paths of information
Alternative communication systems
Terminology-associated activities
Pupils with behavioural problems...
- Eye contact.
- Instructions: one at a time, in a specific and reasoned
manner, and using positive language.
- Once the task is accomplished, positive reinforcement is
needed
7. Methodology
Simple tasks as opposed to complex tasks.
Ease environmental understanding
Reinforcement methodology
Await response and assess it
Ritual or type of session
Material
Use content in material.
In the event of perceptive or motor difficulties, the
shape, colour, texture and cadence of material is
to be considered.
8. Facilities
In the event of difficulties in spacial orientation, clear benchmarks are to
be used.
In the event of difficulties in perception and general coordination…
smooth non-slip flooring is required.
Contents:
Avoid childishness.
Develop space-time and body-map organisation.
Emphasize the development of basic motor skills.
Maximize body language and creativity.
Maximize activities favoring personal autonomy and hygienic habits.
9. Facilities
In the event of difficulties in spacial orientation, clear benchmarks are to
be used.
In the event of difficulties in perception and general coordination…
smooth non-slip flooring is required.
Contents:
Avoid childishness.
Develop space-time and body-map organisation.
Emphasize the development of basic motor skills.
Maximize body language and creativity.
Maximize activities favoring personal autonomy and hygienic habits.
10. 3.2 SAFETY MEASURES
Problems arise when:
Tasks are difficult and boring.
A long period of time is required for this work.
There is little teacher’s control or perception thereof.
Uncontrolled changes in activities.
Pupils don’t know what is to be expected from them.
Pupils are not respected and punished excessively.
Behavior improves when:
Supervision is comprehensive.
Individualized tutoring every 10 min.
Behavior management using basic tools.