A Simple Microprocessor (SMP-_class F13). The MP has a limited set of instructions, however provides enough capabilities to control a microwave oven or some other consumer appliances. MP can access 64Kx8 memory. Inputting/outputting data from the microwave keypad and displaying them at the oven’s display are considered memory accesses. So, memory mapped input/output is not supported by input/output instructions, rather memory access instructions are used (similar to SRC). The MP has only one 8-bit general purpose register, R, and Accumulator Register, AC. There is 1-bit zero flag, Z . It is set to 1, if the result of any arithmetic or logic instruction is 0. This is done automatically by hardware. Otherwise, it is set to 0. There are some registers which are not a part of the instruction set, but architected to support temporal storage and buffers for data and address storage (see, later in this description). Table below has a complete description of the instruction set. It can be seen that instruction code (opcode) is 8-bit long although there are only 16 instructions in the set. This is done for future extension of the set and for the ease of control and decoding. As the upper 4-bits are zeros for all opcodes, instructions are decoded only for low order 4 bits. Here Γ indicates a 16-bit memory address. This means that memory access instructions are 3- byte long, where Byte #1 is an opcode, Byte #2 is the low order byte of Γ and byte #3 is the high order byte of Γ. Other instructions are 1- byte instructions. Additional registers are: A 16-bit Address register, AR (similar to MA of SRC) which supplies address to the memory A[15..0]. A 16-bit program counter, PC contains the address of the instruction to be fetched, or the address of the next required operand of the instruction. An 8-bit Instruction register, IR is dedicated to instruction opcodes only. An 8-bit data register, DR (similar to MD of SRC) receives instructions and data from the memory and transfers data to the memory via D[7..0] which are 8 bi-directional pins. An 8-bit temporary register TR is a buffer for temporarily storing data, addresses during the execution. The figure below (left) shows the architecture. Although some registers are 8-bit registers, and data are 8-bit, the bus is made for 16 bits to accommodate 16-bit addresses in PC and AR. Figure: Datapath All arithmetic operations are implemented on R and AC registers. The ALU architecture is provided below with a parallel adder (CLA, one level is affordable) and a simple logic for logic operations. Figure: ALU The Control Unit (see, below) has a decoder which takes opcodes and outputs instruction types (left) and the Control step decoder(right) similar to SRC’s control. From the figure, it follows that the maximum number of cycles is 8. Assignment 1) Write concrete RTN and control signals for all instructions in the instruction set 2) Design Logic for the control unit 3) Implement, simulate and te.

1. A Simple Microprocessor (SMP-_class F13).
The MP has a limited set of instructions, however provides
enough capabilities to control a microwave oven or some other
consumer appliances. MP can access 64Kx8 memory.
Inputting/outputting data from the microwave keypad and
displaying them at the oven’s display are considered memory
accesses. So, memory mapped input/output is not supported by
input/output instructions, rather memory access instructions are
used (similar to SRC).
The MP has only one 8-bit general purpose register, R, and
Accumulator Register, AC. There is 1-bit zero flag, Z . It is set
to 1, if the result of any arithmetic or logic instruction is 0. This
is done automatically by hardware. Otherwise, it is set to 0.
There are some registers which are not a part of the instruction
set, but architected to support temporal storage and buffers for
data and address storage (see, later in this description).
Table below has a complete description of the instruction set.
It can be seen that instruction code (opcode) is 8-bit long
although there are only 16 instructions in the set. This is done
for future extension of the set and for the ease of control and
decoding. As the upper 4-bits are zeros for all opcodes,
instructions are decoded only for low order 4 bits. Here Γ
indicates a 16-bit memory address. This means that memory
access instructions are 3- byte long, where Byte #1 is an
opcode, Byte #2 is the low order byte of Γ and byte #3 is the
high order byte of Γ. Other instructions are 1- byte instructions.
Additional registers are:
A 16-bit Address register, AR (similar to MA of SRC) which
supplies address to the memory A[15..0].
A 16-bit program counter, PC contains the address of the
instruction to be fetched, or the address of the next required
operand of the instruction.
An 8-bit Instruction register, IR is dedicated to instruction

2. opcodes only.
An 8-bit data register, DR (similar to MD of SRC) receives
instructions and data from the memory and transfers data to the
memory via D[7..0] which are 8 bi-directional pins.
An 8-bit temporary register TR is a buffer for temporarily
storing data, addresses during the execution.
The figure below (left) shows the architecture. Although some
registers are 8-bit registers, and data are 8-bit, the bus is made
for 16 bits to accommodate 16-bit addresses in PC and AR.
Figure: Datapath
All arithmetic operations are implemented on R and AC
registers. The ALU architecture is provided below with a
parallel adder (CLA, one level is affordable) and a simple logic
for logic operations.
Figure: ALU
The Control Unit (see, below) has a decoder which takes
opcodes and outputs instruction types (left) and the Control
step decoder(right) similar to SRC’s control. From the figure,
it follows that the maximum number of cycles is 8.
Assignment
1) Write concrete RTN and control signals for all instructions in
the instruction set
2) Design Logic for the control unit
3) Implement, simulate and test on actual instructions
Extra credit:
Several modifications can be made for optimizing the design
(reducing number of cycles and cost). Among these
modifications the following is to be considered:
4) Direct paths between certain pairs of registers
5) Use of two buses for different paths and connect buses
6) Special way of connecting registers to a single bus.

3. Abdulkhaliq Alshaikhmubarak (AK)
“Three decades of life in the Mafia”
Director of Cinematography: Michael Ballhaus.
Film Editor: Thelma Schoonmaker.
“As far back as I can remember, I have always wanted to be a
gangster” this what Henry Hill “Ray Liotta”, who was the main
character in Goodfellas, said after his partners killed someone
in their car trunk with no merci. The Goodfellas’ storyline was
based on a true story about Henry Hill from his early life when
he was part of one of the Mafia gangs with two partners James
Conway- Jimmy “Robert Di Nero” and Tommy DeVitoo “Joe
Pesci”, until he became FBI informant. The movie was directed
by Martin Scorsese the one who made a lot of great movies
about Mafia and Italian-American in general. There are three
main reasons made this movie special: The characters, the
Cinematography, and finally the Mis En Scen. Every aspect of
those was telling me that I’m front of a masterpiece.
“Actually I don’t know why they put Robert Di Niro in the
middle of the poster! He wasn’t the main character. The whole
story was telling by Henry Hill “Ray Liotta”. So, I believe that
Ray Liotta should be in the middle of the poster!” this is what
my friend was complaining about it at the end of the movie. For
me, I found that very smart! Even if Henry Hill “Ray Liotta”
was the narrative of the whole story. Even if everything was
from his point of view, the audience can easily see Jimmy
“Robert Di Niro” as the main character from the beginning
when the movie introduced him as an important and likeable
person when he walked into the gambling room and everyone
gave him a warm greeting. Also, the whole movie was like a
line for his character. For example at the beginning he was one
of three partners. Then, when they became the number one in
the drug business he started making noise as a leader and that
grabbed our attention as audience. After that, at the end he
became the leader when he shoveled his partners and became
the only one in his passion! So, for me, this kind of movies

4. make Robert Di Niro a Method actor.
In another hand, I believe that the scene which started by
Tommy DiVito “Joe Pesc” telling jokes until he turned that
around to “What do you mean I’m funny?” and the whole crazy
things that happened after that, can show Joe Pesci’s career as a
Character actor. It was, funny, crazy and tart scene. However,
this scene would take me to the next great thing in this movie
which is the Cinematography.
In the “what do you mean I’m funny?” scene wasn’t there
much space between the main subject Henry Hill “Ray Liotta”
and his people. Also, the same when the camera turned to
Tommy DiVito “Joe Pesc” it was tight framing. However, that
let us feel the jokes when see the people are laughing around
them and feel how everyone is a leader who has men under his
power. Also, make the audience feel how their prestige is very
important to them. Another example about the great tight
framing image, after Henry Hill “Ray Liotta” went out of the
court when he as a teenager, the image included him with the
gang members and there was little space around them which
make the audience feel the love that they gave him. In general,
Goodfellas has great images in many technique: high angle,
close up, long duration, tight, framing, and etc. However, there
was unique technique in the movie. When the wife of the
commercial guy went to Henry Hill “Ray Liotta” home to ask
about her husband. In that scene the camera man was like
filming by shaking hands and that was fibulas way to transfer to
the audience the confusing of the situation because it was
midnight and Henry Hill “Ray Liotta” wasn’t know that his
partners killed the commercial guy. You can spend all night to
talk about how this movie has been filming and how every
single scene was a masterpiece.
Finally, the Mis En Scen was another reason that improved that
we are front of a masterpiece. For example, when the Henry
Hill’s “Ray Liotta” wife was in girls’ party, everything in the
scene was colorful. The girls were dressed colorful and bright
dresses. Everything was perfect to help the audience to feel the

5. same feeling that the wife had explained it in the scene when
she was complaining how this life is unreal. Another example,
when Henry Hill “Ray Liotta” went with his girlfriend, who
became his wife later, to the make-up date and they walked into
the restaurant from the kitchen, there was a red color
everywhere to make you feel the love. Even when they were
walking in the kitchen, there was in the background some
workers handle red baskets. Also, another detail that explained
Henry Hill “Ray Liotta” situation. When he got out from the
jail, in the next time, wearing the same clothes that he was
wearing when he went to the jail. I believe that detail could
explaine how he became a fearful guy and how he couldn’t
enjoy the small things anymore. The last thing about how this
movie was great on the details. There is a scene for Jimmy
“Rober Di Niro” after he became the number one in his position.
He was setting in the bar and smoking slowly. This part of the
scene was in slow motion effect. Every single part of the scene
was full of the pleasure of being powerful.
Goodfellas is a movie that has been made for every taste. If you
are a fan of crime, thriller, and action movies, so this is your
movie. If you like drama or even romantic movies, this is your
movie! It’s a great movie in term of how he had filmed, how he
built the characters and finally how he putt all those things
together. If you haven’t yet seen this Goodfellas, go now and
watch it!