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Bleaching of oil
This document discusses the process of bleaching crude oil. It contains diagrams showing both batch and continuous bleaching processes. Bleaching is done using adsorbents like Fuller's earth or activated carbon to remove impurities and unwanted compounds. It adsorbs color bodies and oxidation products from the oil. An economic model is presented showing that using a combination of TriSyl and bleaching earth provides significant cost savings over just using bleaching earth alone by reducing adsorbent usage and oil losses.
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Bleaching of oil
- 1. Submitted by:- Anay NKacharia T.Y. Btech. – Oils
- 3. ..We need totake a look at a Bottle of Crude Oil WHAT‘S IN THE OIL? METALS WAXES GUMS ANTI-OXIDANTS ... And There are FATTY ACIDSS UNWANTED NUTRIENTS.. OIL PRODUCTS! COLOUR STABILISERS VITAMINS PEROXIDES LIPIDS TOCOPHEROLS SOAPS ODOUR SJL Confidential
- 4. Crude Oil Physical Refining Chemical Refining Degumming Degumming Gums Alkali Bleaching Soap neutralization Stock Bleaching Deodourization Deodourization Refined Neutralised , Fatty acid Bleached Bleached , distillates deodourized Deodourized oil oil
- 5. • What isbleaching ? • Why is bleaching really done ?
- 6. • It isbased on ADSORBTION • it is Represented by an equation developed by a great scientist Freundlich log(x/m) = logK + nlogc • Process will continue till Thermodynamic equilibrium is reached
- 7. • Temperature shouldbe maintained between 90-110 degree Celsius. • Contact Period of 20 – 30 min. • Bleaching is performed under reduced pressure • Type and amount of bleaching Agent highly influence the process parameters .
- 8. 2 major processesinclude – • Batch process
- 9. A : BleacherA1 : Oil inlet B : Barometric condenser B1 : Oil adsorbent outlet C : Vacuum pump C1 : Steam inlet D1: Condensate outlet E1 : Bleaching Material inlet F1: Water Inlet
- 10. • Continuous process : Crude Oil Inlet 1: Continuous bleacher B: Oil-Earth suspension to be filtered 2: Earth tank C: Bleached oil inlet 3: Earth dosing unit D: Bleached oil outlet 4: Mixer E: Water Inlet 5: Earth-oil pump F: Steam Inlet 6: Heat Exchanger 7;Cooling unit 8;Condenser; 9;pump
- 11. • Fuller’s Earth- • It is a natural clay which is very adsorbtive • Mainly consists of minerals that belong to the aluminium silicate family • Main component is bentonite
- 12. • For mostbentonites necessary surface area and pores need to be created • Activation is done with acid • Main component of bentonite is montmorillonite
- 13. • Acid activatedBleaching Earth- • Its Catalytic property is self explained by the acid status. • Its maximum importance comes with its property of degradation of peroxide • Results in the formation of trans fatty acids
- 14. • Activated Carbon- •Can be derived from a variety of coal • Contain micropores, mesopores & macropores • It has a large adsorbent surface in a relatively small volume.
- 16. A closer lookat Bleaching VACUUM VACUUM BE 1,4% TRISYL 0,1% BE 0,8% Bleaching Vessel full SO (eg: Palm Oil) WHAT? 100°C 100°C THATS WHAT! FROM REFINERY To DEO FROM REFINERY To DEO FILTER FILTER BLEACHER BLEACHER 40% Oil/60%BE For a 200Kmt refinery, this Using TriSyl with BE will save $330K . . Just by tweaking . . will result in ~$840K oil loss! BASED ON Adsorbent SJL Confidential ACTUAL CASE Combinations!
- 17. Schematic TriSyl Schematic ABE Massive Internal Low External Surface Area Surface Area SJL Confidential
- 19. Economic Model: TriSyl/BECombination Actual Case: TriSyl®/Spent/fresh BE/ Three Filters/92m2 Unigra Italy THEORETICAL ECONOMIC MODEL: Actual Case TriSyl® - Physical Refining of Palm Oil/600 tons per day ABE TriSyl® +ABE TONS OIL PRODUCTION ANNUALLY 200000 200000 200000 DOSAGE ABE% 1,40 0,10 0,80 TONS ADSORBENT CONSUMED ANNUALLY 2800 200 1600 PRICE ABE KG/$ 0,36 1,00 0,36 % OIL LOSS ON FILTER CAKE 40 40 40 H2O CONTENT ON ADSORBENT % 10 60 10 TONS DRY ADSORBENT ANNUALLY 2520 80 1440 TONS OIL LOSS ON FILTER CAKE ANNUALLY 1680 53 960 PRICE CRUDE OIL $/KG 0,500 0,500 0,500 TONS FILTER CAKE DISPOSAL ANNUALLY 4200 133 2400 DISPOSAL COSTS $/KG 0,015 0,015 0,015 $ TOTAL ADSORBENT COST 1008000 200000 576000 $ OIL LOSS ON FILTER CAKE $ TOTAL DISPOSAL COST 840000 63000 $600K! 26667 2000 480000 36000 TOTAL COSTS/SAVINGS 1911000 In total by 228667 tweaking 1092000 TOTAL $ SAVINGS ANNUALLY WITH TriSyl® 590333 Adsorbents! SJL Confidential