for the following variables identify at least two levels of measurement individual age annual income religiosity student performance social class attitude towards affirmative action Solution Affirmative Action and Financial Aid Affirmative action is often defined as the effort to improve access to higher education for minority and female students. It is typically implemented through special recruitment efforts and by giving special preferences to minorities. For example, given two comparable candidates, affirmative action chooses the minority candidate over the non-minority candidate. Some of the key goals of affirmative action are to correct past discrimination at the college or university, to provide access to education to qualified and talented students of every race (especially underrepresented minority students), to level the playing field by compensating for or eliminating current cultural biases against minority students (such as those inherent in standardized academic tests), and to create diversity in the academic environment. Diversity, in particular, can improve the educational experience of all students by promoting a variety of perspectives and a robust and enlightening exchange of ideas and viewpoints. This document presents a lay interpretation of the laws and court cases affecting affirmative action, and does not provide legal advice nor is it intended to provide legal advice. All colleges, universities and race-based scholarship sponsors should have their admissions and financial aid policies reviewed by a qualified attorney..