Bovine mastitis is a bacterial infection of dairy cow udders that is caused by various bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus uberis. It occurs when bacteria invade the teat canal and cause inflammation and damage to the mammary gland. Mastitis can be identified by abnormalities in milk like clots or a watery appearance, or signs of swelling, heat, redness, and hardness in the udder. It is usually transmitted via contact with contaminated milking equipment or materials. Proper hygiene, treatment with antibiotics, and culling of chronically infected cows can help control mastitis.

2. Bovine Mastitis
Amjad Khan Afridi

3.  Bovine mastitis is a bacterial infection cause by
a number of bacteria such as Bacteria that are
known to cause mastitis include:
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Staphylococcus epidermidis
• Streptococcus uberis

4.  Mastitis in dairy cattle is the persistent,
inflammatory reaction of the udder tissue.
Mastitis, a potentially fatal mammary
gland infection, is the most common
disease in dairy cattle in the United States.
Milk from cows suffering from mastitis
has an increased somatic cell count.
Mastitis occurs when white blood cells
(leukocytes) are released into the
mammary gland, usually in response to
bacteria invading the teat canal.
Udder tissue

5.  Milk-secreting tissue and various ducts throughout
the mammary gland are damaged due to toxins
released by the bacteria.
Mastitis can also occur as a result of mechanical, or
thermal injury.

6.  This disease can be identified by abnormalities in the
udder such as
• Swelling,
• Heat,
• Redness,
• Hardness,
• Pain.
• Other indications of mastitis may be abnormalities in
milk such as a watery appearance, flakes, or clots.
When infected with subclinical mastitis, a cow does
not show any visible signs of infection or
abnormalities.
Clinical signs:

7. Mastitis is most often transmitted by
repetitive contact with the milking machine,
and through contaminated hands or
materials.
Another route is via the oral-to-udder
transmission among calves.
Feeding calves on milk may introduce some
mastitis causing bacteria strain in the oral
cavity of the calf where it will stay dormant
until it is transmitted elsewhere.
Transmission

8. Since grouped calves like to stimulate suckling, they will
transmit the bacteria to the udder tissue of their fellow calves.
The bacteria will lay dormant in the udder tissue as the calf
grows until it begins to lactate.
Transmission

9. It requires sanitary facilities, proper milking procedure
and segregation of affected animals.
Treatment of disease is carried out by penicillin
injection in combination with sulphar drug.
Treatment is possible with long-acting antibiotics, but
milk from such cows is not marketable until drug
residues have left the cow's system.
Treatment

10. Practices such as good nutrition, proper milking
hygiene, and the culling of chronically infected
cows can help.
Ensuring that cows have clean, dry bedding
decreases the risk of infection and transmission.
 Dairy workers should wear rubber gloves while
milking, and machines should be cleaned regularly
to decrease the incidence of transmission.
Control

11.  A good milking routine is vital. This usually consists of applying
a pre-milking teat dip or spray, such as an iodine spray, and
wiping teats dry prior to milking. The milking machine is then
applied.
 After milking, the udder can be cleaned again to remove any
growth medium for bacteria.
 A post milking product such as iodine-propylene glycol dip is
used as a disinfectant and a barrier between the open teat and the
bacteria in the air.
 Mastitis can occur after milking because the udder holes close
after 15 minutes if the animal sits in a dirty place with feces and
urine.
Prevention

12. Thank You