DR.Amir sohail khattak from Bannu Medical College Bannu

2. TOPIC
EBOLA VIRUS
PRESENTED BY
DR. AMIR SOHAIL KHATTAK
B.SC VISION SCIENCES(PICO)
BANNU MEDICAL COLLEGE
, BANNU

3. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
CLASSIFICATION
LIFE CYCLE
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION
MAJOR OUTBREAKS
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
LABORTARY INVESTIGATION
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
POSSIBLE TREATMENT

4. INTRODUCTION
•First identification 1976, Sudan, D.R Congo(Zaire)
•Order Mononegavirales, Enveloped,non-segmented, negative strand
RNA viruses. approx. 19 kb in length (1 kb = 1000 RNA bases per
nucleotides) or 60-80 nm in diameter. “spikes” due to glycoprotein on
outside membrane
Family Filoviridae
 Ebolavirus(1976)
Marburgvirus(1967)
 Cuevavirus (2002)
SPECIES
 Zaire ebolavirus: 1976, D.R of Congo.
 Sudan ebolavirus: 1976, Sudan.
 Bundibugyo ebolavirus: 2007, Uganda.
 Taї Forest ebolavirus 1994, Ivory Coast
 Reston ebolavirus: 1989, Philippines.

5. LIFE CYCLE OF EBOLA VIRUS

6. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION

7. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
•Incubation period 8-10 days
•Sudden onset of Fever >38.60C
•Flu-like symptoms: chills, sore throat
•Nausea, vomiting , abdominal pain, diarrhea
•chest pain, shortness of breath and cough
•Headache, confusion and coma
• Rash occurs around day 5
•Hypotension, peripheral edema
•Bleeding manifestations develop in >50% (internal/external)
•hemorrhage, uncontrolled bleeding and massive GI blood loss
•uvietis
•Multi-organ dysfunction : kidneys and Liver
•Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia
•Elevated transaminases ,Reduced albumin

8. OUTBREAKS

9. LABORTARY INVESTIGATION
National medical labortary conducts PCR
testing for 2 Ebola virus targets:
• Polymerase gene
• Nucleoprotein gene

10. PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Improving living conditions
Avoid contacts with suspected persons
Testing before exporting and importing of goods
Avoid needle stick injury.
Tests before blood transfussion
Post-exposure prophylaxis and vaccines
prenatal care, vaccination
 gloves usage during surgery
 proper sterilization and disposal of all equipment
isolating infected individuals

11. TREATMENT
No specific treatment
Antiviral drugs
Terose perfume
Gene therapy-Small interfering RNAs+ Adenosine
analogue, inhibits viral RNA polymerase function
Sarepta
 Binds to viral RNA and stops replication
PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE